長方體中切割正立方體之研究
在 1940 年代,Bouwkamp 提出一系列有關如何將矩形切割成若干個正方形的研究報告,但是如何找出正方形個數最少的方法仍是長久以來懸而未決的問題。在本研究報告中,首先引進「四角切割」的方法,並結合輾轉相除法的概念,來研究矩形的切割問題。我們的方法能大幅度降低正方形的個數,也適合做為此問題的上界函數。有關如何在長方體中切割出正立方體的組合,我們也將輾轉相除法的概念延伸到三維空間,進而建立所切割出最少個正立體數的一個上界模式。此外,藉由四角切割概念的延伸,我們也發現這個上界亦可再予修正。 In 1940’s, Bouwkamp proposed the study of dissecting squares from rectangles. Among the study, the problem of the least number of dissected squares has been open for decades. In this project, we first propose a corner dissection method, associated with the famous Euclidean algorithm. By reducing nearly three fourths of the number dissected by the primitive Euclidian algorithm, our method indeed establish a suitable upper bound of the minimal number of dissected squares from the given rectangles Meanwhile, the Euclidean algorithm has also been considered to dissect the cubes from cuboids. We analyze the fundamental properties of the method and establish a prototype of upper bound function for the minimal number of dissected cubes. Moreover, the method of corner dissection has also been implemented for some cuboids, which also exhibits the acceptable improvement being a suitable upper bound.
地震的圖像模型建立
本研究主要以一連串地震分析,來討論台灣地區地震能量釋放的型態。首先求出地震活動參數,接著再繪製地震規模的年發生率,最後推算台灣地區地震能量釋放時前餘震與主震所占之比重。在地震參數上,發現地震活動度較高的月份中,在該月都發生了芮氏規模六級以上的大地震,因其餘震發生的頻率較小震頻繁,因此造成其a 值較大。另外本研究發現,在大地震來臨之前,地震A 值會升高,應可視為其A 值升高之因是由於前震的關係。在地震規模年發生率方面,繪製出圖表,最後發現台灣地區地震仍以小震多,另外大地震則有一定週期。在研究最後,了解台灣地區地震常數之後,本研究更以ESRI 的GIS 軟體ArcView9.0 版輸出台灣地震目錄,並從中了解台灣的震測儀器發展。This research presents a series of earthquake analyses to discuss earthquake’s energy release type. First, we evaluated earthquake’s constant and charted the percentage of earthquake measurement every year. Finally, count the after-shocks and the major earthquake measuring 6.0 and above on the ML happening in Taiwan area. Because the after-shock frequency is more than light earthquakes, as a result it causes the“a” enumeration is large. According to the percentage of earthquake measurement happening frequency every year, we illustrate a chart. Finally we find that in Taiwan area mirror earth-quakes account for a large percentage and major earthquakes happened regularly. When we realize the constant of earthquake, the study folds a variety of layers by using ArcView 9.0 edition of GIS (Geography Information System) of ESRI , knowing the earthquake in Taiwan.