水稻偏食會怎樣
中文摘要 植物體在生長發育的過程中,有許多必要的營養素,一旦缺乏這些營養素,植物的生長 狀況會產生問題,不但會抑制植物生長,植物對外界的免疫力也會跟著下降。在台灣,水稻 不僅是台灣人賴以維生的糧食,更是台灣人引以為傲的作物。但台灣高溫多濕的海島型氣候, 適合多種稻作病害的發生,紋枯病及白葉枯病就是危害台灣稻作主要兩種病害。這些病原菌 的感染直接限制了該土地中植物的生長和生物的存活,間接的影響人類的生活。 本研究中,以水稻為實驗對象,我們主要探討六種水稻生長所必須的營養素:鈣、鎂、 鐵、鉀、氮、磷和水稻之間的關係。我們將水稻種植在缺乏某種特定元素的培養基中,觀察 其生長的異狀,以便於得知某特定元素對於水稻生長發育的影響為何。之後,再將缺乏各種 營養素的水稻及營養素供應正常的水稻,分別感染白葉枯病病原細菌及紋枯病病原菌,觀察 受感染的水稻之損傷程度,並檢測受感染植株中過氧化氫酵素活性的變化,試著歸納出其防 禦機制和營養素之間的關係,期望對其防禦機制能有進一步的了解。 英文摘要(Abstract)\r When plants grow up, there’s a lot of necessary nutrition. Once plants lack of this nutrition, some problems will occur. It can cause plant growth retardation and decrease the immune ability to the surroundings. Rice is a main cereal in Taiwan, and we are all proud of it. However, rice is frequently attacked by many pathogens , such as Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Thanatephorus cucumeris. The infection directly limits plant growth and survive of organisms, but also indirectly effect life of human. In this research, we study the effect of nutrition deficiency such as nitrogen , phosphorus, potassium, iron , magnesium and calcium deficiency. First , we cultivate the crops on the media which lacks of some specific nutrition. After intensive observes on the plants, we can slightly discover the relationship between these nutrition and the plants. After the plants are infected by the pathogens (X. oryzae pv. oryzae and T. cucumeris) in two weeks, we record the spread of the lesion size resulted from the infection. The changes of Peroxidase activity after infection are also studied. We hope we can get a deeper understand about the immune system of rice.