The Aedes aegypti mosquito is one of the main transmitters of viral diseases in countries close to the equator. This vector promotes a series of generalized endemics that are difficult to control and prevent in these regions. Furthermore, the presence of bacteria in the environment favors the proliferation of mosquito larvae, which increases the probability of Aedes aegypti reproductive success. The Araçzeiro (Psidium guineense Sw.) is a plant present throughout the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and has in its composition, especially in the leaves, several substances that can be used to solve problems. Thus, we sought to verify the activity of flavonoids and polyphenols in terms of their antibacterial potential and the performance of saponins in their larvicidal potential, as well as surfactant, in order to prevent the accommodation of the mosquito in the water at the time of egg deposition and larvae respiration. The saponins were extracted from the araçazeiro leaf using a hydroalcoholic solvent and the flavonoids/polyphenols using methanol, the latter being subsequently rotaevaporated to maintain the non-toxic nature of the extract. Through the aqueous extracts, the content of total saponins by UV-VIS spectrophotometry, surfactant activity, larvicidal activity and toxicity were determined. In relation to the ethanolic extracts, the content of polyphenols and total flavonoids by UV-VIS spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), antibacterial activity and toxicity were determined. The results showed that the aqueous extract has a satisfactory amount of saponins, as well as a surfactant potential due to the formation of foam and larvicidal activity in the two highest concentrations of the extracts. Ethanol extracts showed phenolic acids, especially gallic and ellagic acid, and flavonoids, especially catechin and quercetin, and antibacterial activity in most of the worked concentrations. Both extracts (aqueous and ethanolic) showed a dominant nontoxic character, which favors their use without risk to the environment, having an alternative and sustainable potential for controlling the proliferation of the Aedes aegypti mosquito.

本研究保持社交距離為發想，探討從一維到多維空間的支配數。我們從使得三個同色單位方格不相連的二維情況，拓展至m個同色單位方格不相連的一維、二維、三維情況。本研究從The Domination Number of Grids這篇論文中汲取靈感，其中”Domination Number”也是「支配數」此名詞的由來。我們定義L_nt={(x_1,x_2,…,x_n)|x_1+x_2+⋯+x_n≡t (mod m),x_1∈[1,l_1 ],x_2∈[1,l_2 ],……,x_n∈[1,l_n ]}，此處的l_n是邊長。對於一維情形的任意m，其支配數|A_1m |=⌊l_1/m⌋；對於二維情形且m=3時，我們經由列舉和畫圖證明其支配數|A_2 |=⌊(l_1 l_2)/3⌋。同樣的二維和三維情況在m=任意數時的支配數也可求得，不過在此我們改變了研究的方法，我們應用集合與同餘進行運算，除了減少窮舉將花費的時間，也可一次討論m=任意數的情況。

本研究期望能藉由探討聲波的相關物理特性，研發出具備環保且使用安全的滅火器。研究過程中，運用程式設計與藍芽無線傳輸的方式，傳輸並測試許多低頻的頻率，並深入探討其聲壓頻譜、聲壓、聲強、聲功率分布等物理特性。經由聲壓頻譜分布可找出最佳（穩定較高）的頻率，藉由聲波物理特性的探討，可瞭解為何聲波處於低頻時具有滅火的特性，再由3D PRINT技術設計出周邊輔助的裝置，並完成研究作品。

To investigate the reproduction success and natural recruitment of several Cyprinidae fish and Claridae fish species in the Allemanskraal Dam. The purpose of the project included investigating whether each individual fish species studied has a successful 2020/2021 spawning season in comparison with each other. Sections of the seine net were measured along with a distance of 10 along the shoreline. The ends of the seine nets were attached to one foot and the top of the net was held by hand. Both volunteers moved in unison while covering the 10m. The volunteer in the “deep end” moved towards the shoreline creating a semi-circle while the other volunteer remained stationary. The two ends of the net were then pulled onto the shore and the fish were collected. The results found that the Labeo Umbratus and Cyprinus carpio had the most successful spawning seasons with the highest recorded numbers. These high numbers of the Labeo Umbratus can be due to the fact that the species lays a large number of eggs. The high numbers of the Cyprinus carpio is due to the lower numbers of the other fish species as previous studies have shown that the species negatively impacts the environment which could in turn negatively impact the other fish species. The Claridae gariepinus and Labeobarbus aeneusas were the lowest. The low numbers of the Labeobarbus aneusas may be due to their slow growth and late maturity rate. The Labeo capensis had an average number relative to the other species and this is due to the fact that during the sampling period the dam was at 100% capacity as this is essential for the survival of the juvenile fish. The hypothesis was accepted as the Labeo Umbratus, Cyprinus carpio and Labeo capensis all have a successful spawning season. However, due to the size of the Cyprinus carpio, they would be most suited for a small scale fishery.

The aim of this research was to investigate whether the ecology and biology of the Orange River mudfish Labeo capensis were suitable for the species to be used in fisheries. Three fleets of the gill nets were set, parallel to the shore. One fleet was lifted, and the fish were collected by hand. The two remaining fleets were lifted the next day. The seine net was pulled for 10 metres within the littoral zone. The net was then pulled towards the shore of the dam and the procedure was repeated four times. The four fyke nets were set parallel to the shore and were left for two nettings nights and then lifted. All fish caught were collected by hand and placed into buckets. The majority (82.93%) of the fish caught were within the 0-100 mm size class. The 101-200mm and 201-300mm size classes contain similar numbers of fish, while no fish were caught in the 301-400mm size class. The hypothesis was accepted. Allemanskraal Dam, as of the study period, has a very small juvenile fish population of L. capensis, as only 7 out of 41 fish individuals caught were within the 101- 300mm fork length size class. These results show that the population of L. capensis is not established as of yet, as the research did was right after their breeding season. Historical research has shown that sexually mature individuals of the L. capensis species tend to be a minimum of 300mm SL, 4-6 years after hatching. The population was largely young-of-the-year and may develop into an established population in 3-4 years (after sexual maturity). The L. capensis population in Allemanskraal Dam has the potential to be a fishery species if suitable conditions are maintained. Establishing this species’ potential will therefore allow economically viable fisheries to utilise them sustainably and to their full economic potential.

A variant of the coronavirus (2019-nCoV or COVID-19) was reported in Wuhan, China on December 31, 2019, spreading rapidly around the world. Owing to a plan to reactivate the economy, the Mexican government, requested to implement protective measures to enter establishments with confined spaces: wear a mask, provide alcohol-based hand rub and the measurement of body temperature, allowing problem when not have a fever; however, these measures cause long waiting lines, causing contagion risk. To support this problem, applied and experimental research was used, generating as a result, the creation of a robot that moves autonomously thanks to a line follower sensor. Dispenses alcohol-based hand rub and determines the temperature by means of an infrared sensor, checking that the distance is adequate, with an ultrasonic sensor, using a buzzer that emits a sound of half a second when it performs a normal detection, but, if it is equal to or greater os 38 ° C, emits a sound for 10 seconds asking the person to leave the line and go to a medical service, helping to reduce problems infections in lines

The ceRNAs as a class of RNAs act by competitively binding to miRNAs and limiting their regulatory effect on the target genes. Increasing evidences point to the role of ceRNAs in glioma cancer. So far, limited studies have been reported on the role of ceRNA in the development in glioma cancer. In this study, we have analyzed online RNA sequencing data in order to predict the ceRNAs which are putative regulators of in glioma cancer.

本研究提出一套創新的體溫檢測方式，透過全新的檢測演算法架構深度解析脈搏訊號中的特徵，並結合深度學習神經網路開發一套體溫檢測的嵌入式系統。本研究基於血液共振理論，將光體積變化描計圖法擷取到的脈搏訊號處理，從中擷取共振峰值及其變化量，並開發演算法實時檢測血液循環中諧波的微小變化，改善當前分析方法著重在計算平均值，無法呈現即時狀態的缺失。本研究提出的系統和演算法所延伸的深度學習體溫檢測系統準確度在±0.16°C，同時預警系統可以擴展至多種趨勢相關的臨床症狀。此外，本系統實作出嵌入式AI技術，並且以聯邦式學習方法保障資訊安全，將資料保存於本地，上傳訓練調整後的參數到雲端，對邊緣運算領域能做出實質貢獻。

本實驗以試管、鋼絲絨、酒精燈為主體，將鋼絲絨放入試管做為發聲裝置，並以酒精燈加熱試管，使鋼絲絨兩端產生溫差，而後產生音波，利用音訊分析軟體進行錄音、分析，搭配溫度感測器記錄、分析溫度，藉以探討 此裝置發聲的成因以及相關參數對其聲音的影響。 本研究分析了裝置發聲之過程，並製作五種變因，分別為鋼絲絨密度、試管口徑、試管長度、鋼絲絨位置以及 試管與火焰距離，並統整出四點通則1.溫差與分貝有直接關聯2.發聲與熱穿透深度、堆棧位置和空氣黏性有關 3.綜合熱穿透深度以及空氣黏性，發聲效果較佳者，會有上升速率快下降速率慢的特性4.堆棧所在位置之空氣塊移動及壓縮性，影響其音量、發聲時間與上升下降速率。

Currently, no method can completely eliminate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in an infected person. HIV employs an accessory protein called Nef that forms a complex with cellular AP-1, preventing detection of HIV-infected cells. Lovastatin has been recently identified to inhibit the formation of said Nef-AP-1 complex, but its effective concentration is remarked to be far higher than other Nef inhibitors. This study aims to develop a modified lovastatin molecule exhibiting higher binding affinity to the HIV-1 Nef protein than lovastatin in silico. Modified lovastatin molecules based on the interaction map of lovastatin with Nef were modeled, and flexible ligand-flexible receptor docking to the Nef binding site was performed using AutoDock Vina. Residues within the Nef binding site identified by Liu et al. (2019) to be crucial (Glu-63, Val-66, Phe-68, Asp-108, Leu-112, Tyr-115) were set as flexible. Fragment-based drug design was utilized to append molecular fragments to lovastatin in order to maximize its interactions with said crucial residues. From the fragment-based approach, molecule F4 ((1S,3S)‐8‐{2‐[(2R,4R)‐4‐chloro‐6‐oxooxan‐2‐yl]ethyl}‐3‐(hydroxymethyl)‐7‐methyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydronaphthalen‐1‐yl 4‐aminobenzoate) exhibited a binding affinity of -9.0 kcal/mole, and its estimated IC50 ranges between 0.25-0.51 μM which is at least 7.5 times lower than the reported IC50 of lovastatin from literature. This study presents insights on the key modifications to improve lovastatin as an HIV-1 Nef inhibitor and pertinent information about the Nef binding site for future drug development studies.

Aspirin is one of the most used and well-known medicines world-wide. It can be synthesized by reacting acetic anhydride and salicylic acid in a warm temperature of around 60-80°C. This reaction is usually catalyzed by sulfuric or phosphoric acid. This paper will investigate alternative catalysts, safer and more environmentally friendly, as well as compare different synthesis methods with different heat mediums, one using a water bath and the other amicrowave. By doing so, the effects of the catalyst and the method of synthesis on the yield, purity and environmental consequence of crude aspirin synthesis will be deduced. The targeted utcome is to find the alternative method as more energy efficient, and to find a greener safer catalyst to sulfuric and phosphoric acid. Further background information, exploration, and explanation is in the appendix. The targeted outcome will be to find a viable alternative catalyst that is safer and more environmentally friendly, and to find that the microwave synthesis method consumes less energy.

As the world has become concerned about the global waste crisis and global warming, there has been a surge of research within materials science to find materials that would replace plastic, such as bioplastics or biodegradable materials, in order to reduce environmental pollution. Plastics generates the microplastics that allowed them to become cross contamination enter the ocean through land, sea and river. Science research found (Lusher et al. (2017)) over 220 species of marine animals ingested microplastic, half of them are considered relevant for commercial purpose and increasing the risk of human consumption as it can induce immune response, oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, alter membrane integrity and cause differential expression of genes. Thailand is also experiencing such a challenge, as seen by the overabundance of plastic waste that might take centuries to decompose. For example, around 1680 million personal hygiene products such as diapers, sanitary napkins, and tampons are used each year. This study highlights the use of naturally accessible absorbent fibers from malva nut (Scaphium scaphigerum) (G. Don) Guib & Planch.), which is widely available and biodegradable in nature and has a low carbon footprint. This study also aimed to develop natural absorbent pads using compostable spun, external layers, and biodegradable glue. A prototype sanitary napkin with biodegradable absorbent pads was developed and evaluated for absorption ability, absorption rate, pH, and biodegradability. The absorbent material absorbed up to 19 times its weight in 2 minutes and 33 times its weight in 2 hours, which is enough for an average of 80-150 mL of menstrual blood. The prototype napkin deteriorated within 99 days, based on naked eye observation. Some signs of degradation and microorganisms growing on the prototype were also observed from scanning electron microscopic images. According to the findings, natural absorbent pads made from malva nut have the potential to be converted into sanitary napkins. Furthermore, it is proposed that the components, which include superabsorbent renewable materials, spinning compostable layer, external compostable layer and biodegradable glue, may be used in a variety of goods, including adult diaper pants, incontinence pads, and laboratory bench mats.