Aims of the project Prevent youth from the -reckless use of the road .shoulder .Reduce the congested roads - Reduce accidents resulting - from the wrong use of the road .shoulder Idea of the Project The control system based road shoulder constantly and actors vis notice of the existence of any prejudice to the safety of road users to take the necessary action against them The beneficiaries of the System With health-Bouts With emergency situations The way the system works When any vehicle parked on the road shoulder remote sensors sensing the vehicle body and the issuance of the initial reference point against the vehicle on the shoulder of a road..And after a period of time known by the concerned and at the same time the system to identify the site and send information to the authority concerned in turn, take the necessary

原產於西非的「神秘果」，嘗了之後，30~200 分內，所有酸苦的東西嘗起來都是甜的。在深入蒐集相關資料後，我們發現神秘果有多種特殊效果，僅擷取以下幾種感興趣之方向來研究。〈1〉使酸苦的感覺變甜〈2〉解酒〈3〉消除蚊蟲叮咬之腫、癢〈4〉抗氧化能力極強。用食鹽水可萃取出miraculin 這種醣蛋白，經由生化實驗，推測使酸味變甜為其cover 舌尖甜味味蕾之結果，分子量約為40000 左右；但在檢測過程中，發現對咖啡、黃連和肉桂，都沒有太顯著的效果，只有酸味有顯著的改變，和以往所閱讀的研究報告有出入，因此懷 疑有氧化還原等其他化學效果，將再做深一層研究。消除蚊蟲叮咬之腫癢的成分確定為小分子所致。經由Prolox 當量測定法檢測神秘果抗氧化能力數值高達4974g/nmol，比一般中草藥及蔬菜多3000 左右。使酸變甜的原因若深入研究對糖尿病患者和減肥者都是一大福音，塗抹蚊蟲叮咬藥膏也可用天然物質製作，而抗氧化能力高更對人體健康有所幫助。當台灣已大量栽植，相對於日本及美國因地寒而無法培育成功，神秘果研究可成為另一項產業發展契機。 "Miracle fruit” is a fruit from West Africa. Though it's not sweet itself, if you eat anything that is sour or bitter after eating miracle fruit, the taste will turn sweet. After researching further material, we discovered that there are many amazing functions in miracle fruit, and decided to pick up some of which to study. (1) Turning the sour and bitter tastes into sweetness (2) Relieving alcohol (3) Relieving the hurt from mosquitoes and bugs (4) An excellent antioxidant. We can extract the miraculin that changes the taste from NaCl (aq), and through the biological experiment, we guess that's because miraculin covers the sweet sensor. The molecular weight of miraculin is about 40000.According to the experiment, we found out that miraculin doesn't have a great effect on the taste other than sourness, such as the bitterness of black coffee, Coptis chinensis, and cinnamon. . It is much more different from the former report we read. So we doubt that there are some other reactions. The thing, which relieves the hurt from mosquitoes and bugs, are sure to be a simple molecule, not a protein. By the Prolox equivalent weight experiment, we found that the ability of antioxidation got to 4974g/nmol, which is much higher than the normal vegetables and fruits. The effect of taste changing is really good news for diabetics and weight reducers. And the medicine can also be made by natural material. The excellent antioxidation is helpful for our health, too. Since Japan and America cannot grow the miracle fruit because of the cold weather, developing the functions of miracle fruit seems to be another chance for Taiwan to stand out in the world.

此研究之重點在於如何建構一套人工智慧方法，人工智慧含多種進行方式，例如以類神經網路訓練近似於人腦之結構，而專家系統係於不同的科學領域內以自己之所知判斷。我們先以 John Holland 的 Genetic Algorithm （暫譯基因演算法，以下暫稱GA）的理論來實作出一套人工智慧系統之方法。Genetic Programming 係以ＧＡ為基礎之實作方法，主要的內容不出基本的演化定義；在這次的試驗中，首要為先定出程式欲演化成何種類型，在此我們先定義為排序型的演算法，經過分析實際程式之結構後定出適合基因元件的資料結構，分化為兩個部份進行，一為產生器，亦為突變，交配器，一為評審程式，亦為執行器，兩者使用相同之基本元件，再以不斷的交配和突變以達到全域最佳化。我們將兩種部份完成後，加上現有的PVM 分散運算函式庫來增加演算的速度。 Abstract The research mainly discusses AI. AI, involves in several types, for example, neural network(NN),which adopts human-like training method; Expert systems determine and make decision by what it has known. We will use John Koza's Genetic Programming theory to implement an AI system.Genetic Programming theory is based on GA. In our experiments, we have to define what kind of applications we want : a sorting application, which is divided into two parts - a producer (along with crossover and mutation operations) and an executor (along with judging operations), is an easyimplemented algorithm. Our program, also with PVM, will approaches global optimal after evolutions.

本實驗利用簡單的儀器（使用毛細管與注射針筒）, 求出不同混合比例之有機溶液的各個成分之蒸氣壓、蒸發速率與蒸發量 , 進而可推算出蒸發熱速率,而利用此實驗得到的數值,並可應用在不同的領域,如日常生活中之散熱劑、工業上之機器散熱、及醫療上之人體退燒等,均可利用此實驗程序找出適當的比例,\r 並可進一步理論探討「拉午耳定律中正負偏差」以及「蒸氣中各成分的組成活性」。 \r In this experiment, simple instruments including capillary tubes and syringes are\r used to find vapor pressure, rate of evaporation, and evapotranspiration of all\r elements of organic solution under different mixed proportions. In this way, the\r rate of evaporation that can be compared ; therefore, becomes suitable for different\r areas that include heat dissipation for daily life, machine heat dissipation for\r industry, and fever reduction for medical applications. In other words, the experiment\r proposed here can be utilized to find the appropriate ratio. Meanwhile, we can use\r the results to perform the theoretical investigation of Positive-Negative Bias of\r Raoult's Law and Component Activity of Vapor.

p53 蛋白是一種轉錄調控因子，其在抑制癌症的形成扮演很重要的角色。已知的報告顯示它能影響下游特定蛋白表現進而調控細胞週期或促使細胞進行凋亡作用。如此作用機制對於可能癌化的細胞在生物體造成傷害之前能被先行消滅，因此正常的p53 蛋白存在與否，對癌症的產生有很大的影響。 根據上述結果，我們想分析不同表現量的p53 是否對於致癌藥劑-EtBr所引發的癌化細胞有所影響。所以我們設計實驗，將具有正常表現量p53 蛋白的老鼠(p53+/+)與僅能表現少量p53 蛋白的老鼠(p53+/-)，均塗以等劑量之致癌藥劑EtBr於其大腿皮膚上，觀察其致癌情形的差異。實驗結果發現 : 在塗EtBr 的14 隻p53+/-老鼠中，有3 隻出現了組織病變的症狀，包括脾臟腫大，淋巴組織長出腫瘤，而其他對照組(一)塗EtBr 的p53+/+老鼠，(二)不塗EtBr 的p53+/+老鼠或(三)不塗EtBr 的p53+/-老鼠都沒有產生異常的症狀。因此根據上述實驗結果進行推論，發現經EtBr 的刺激後，p53+/-的老鼠的確較其他的老鼠更容易得到癌化細胞。;p53 is a transcription factor that plays an important role in suppression of tumorgenesis. Previous reports showed it regulates cell cycle and enhances cell apoptosis by effecting specific proteins expression. By this way, the problematic tumor cell can be deleted to protect organism from tumor damage. According above conclusion, we are interested to know whether p53 plays a role involved the carcinogens-EtBr induced tumorgenesis. We compared the differences of tumorgenesis between mice express normal (p53+/+) or low (p53+/-) expression level of p53 proteins when they are smeared equal amount of EtBr on skin of thigh. In here, our results show three of fourteen p53+/- mice had pathological changes, containing spleen enlargement and lymphoma. However, other three comparisons, smear p53+/+ mice with EtBr (1), without EtBr (2) or p53+/- without EtBr(3), are normal. Therefore, We suggest that p53+/- mice are easily to obtain tumor than p53+/+ mice after EtBr treatment.

無疣蝎虎（Hemidactylus bowringii）與蝎虎（Hemidactylus freuatus）分類上屬蜥蜴目守宮科蝎虎屬，為本島住家附近常見且生態地位相近的壁虎，近年來因人為因素使原本有地理區隔的兩種壁虎在北部地區產生共域現象。本研究利用問卷來調查兩種壁虎分佈狀況，並用「體型大小」、「食物競爭能力」兩種指標，設計實驗評估種間競爭程度，來探討兩種居家壁虎種間競爭程度。問卷調查及物種採集結果顯示，在台北市各行政區確實存在共域現象，且分佈數量互有消長。體型大小比較上，蝎虎體型較無疣蝎虎稍大，但在統計上無顯著差異。食物競爭能力強弱比較上，以斷尾後尾巴增長量為指標，結果兩者大致相等，無顯著差異。綜合以上研究結果，顯示兩者共域後會出現種間競爭現象，程度大致相等，有互相消長現象。Hemidactylus bowringii and Hemidactylus freuatus are commonly seen in Taiwan, and their habitats are very near the area people live. Recently, two species have inhabited the same or overlapped geographical areas in northern Taiwan. This sympatric phenomenon resulted from the geographical isolation being broken by people. This research investigated their distributions in Taipei city by using questionnaire, and evaluated the degree of interspecific competitions by using indexes of the body size comparison and the food competition to design our experiments.According to results of questionnaire and animal sampling, two geckos did inhabit closely in some areas in Taipei city, and their population distributions were changing with time. According to the result of the body size comparison, Hemidactylus freuatus is bigger than Hemidactylus bowringii. But there is not a statistically significant difference between two species. The degree of food competition of two species was all square. In summary, it was occurred the interspecific competition between Hemidactylus bowringii and Hemidactylus freuatus, and the degree of competitions was almost equal.

在我們週遭環境中常可見到許多種類的植物，然而可以叫出名字的卻少之又少，或許我們可以查閱植物百之類的書籍，但是這類書籍通常多不在手邊，就算有了植物百科，也不易翻到顯示該種植物的正確章節。假如我們可以將想要認識的植物葉片影像取得後，透過網路將該影像傳送至植物葉片資料庫查詢，經過電腦的自動分析辨識後，再將結果傳送回來，這樣不是比查閱植物百科方便多了嗎？本研究提出一種利用輸入葉片的影像來進行植物資料庫辨識查詢的方法，藉著兩階段處理的策略及最佳權重組合式的特徵值來調校系統，以達到較佳的整體辨識效能，從實驗測試的結果得知，我們的策略與方法確實有效，有82%的查詢葉片可以被精確的辨識出來，而每次查詢的平均反應時間只要17.22 秒。In our living environment, there are many kinds of plants, but we can only name a few. We may consult an encyclopedia about plants, we always can’t find any encyclopedia with us. Besides, even if we have one, it won’t be easy to find out the proper section or the exact page immediately. How should we solve this problem? One significant improvement can be expected if the plant recognition can be carried out by a computer. First, we take a picture of the unknown plant’s leaf. Then, we transmit this image into a leaf database to recognize. After the recognition we will get the answer easily. By using a computer-aided leaf recognition system, non-professionals can also identify many plant species. Isn’t it much more convenient than checking the encyclopedia? In this study, we present an efficient method for leaf database retrieval by inputting leaf images. We use a two-stage approach and combined features with optimized weight to adjust the system to get the best system performance. The result of the experiment shows that our approach is workable and efficient. 82% leaves of the query images can be recognized accurately. And in general, the average response time only takes 17.22 sec per query.

自從九二一集集大地震以後，中、小學對於防震教育是更加的重視，一次又一次的防震演習\r 還不夠，還讓學生到地震演練室去體會更逼真的地震實境。在地震演練室的下面就有一個六\r 軸動感平台，六軸動感平台的運作是各軸的伸縮長度不同而模擬地震的，而用彈簧製成的震\r 動台也可以達到模擬地震的效果，去做一些關於地震的研究實驗。地震有各種不同的震動方\r 式，多半是垂直的上下移動或是水平移動，不同的地震對於相同的建築物的影響也有所不同；\r 而地面上有各式各樣的建築物，有的高有的低，所以相同的地震對於不同的建築物的影響也\r 會有差別。\r Since the disastrous Earthquake 921 happened three years ago, the primary schools and junior high\r schools have stressed on the anti-earthquake education and training. Except for the anti-earthquake\r drills they take the students to an earthquake show room to experience more realistic earthquakes.\r Beneath the earthquake show room there’s a 6 degree of freedom Steward platform. The platform\r simulates the earthquakes by varying the length of the 6 axis. We also designed a platform by springs to\r simulate the earthquakes. There’re several types of earthquakes mostly horizontal or vertical .\r Different earthquakes have different effects on the same buildings. Earthquakes of the same amplitude\r will have different effects on different buildings.

本研究利用偏振片、量角器為刻度盤、雷射光為光源，及照度計為偵測器，組裝一個簡易且可靠的旋光度計。我們利用單位時間旋光度的變化量當作反應速率，來測量蔗糖的水解速率，同時求出蔗糖水解反應的反應級數、速率常數(k)。利用糖類的旋光度具有加成性之特性，找出不同混合比例時的旋光度，追蹤實際蔗糖水解的每個狀態，找出最後平衡狀態，同時將蔗糖水解平衡結果顯示，旋光度與濃度有線性關係，而蔗糖水解反應對蔗糖而言為一級反應。接著，我們在蔗糖水溶液中加入不同種類的酸，探討催化劑的種類與蔗糖水解反應速率的關係。 In this research, in order to measure the optical rotation accurately without expensive equipments or complex process, we assembled a polarimeter by ourselves. With simple materials which can be found in ordinary senior high school laboratories, including a calibrated scale, a simple Luxmeter, a laser as the photo source, and other side devices. The Polarimeter ended up operating fluently and accurately. We put the laser under a tube, which has two pieces of polar screens on the top of it and on the bottom of it, ,and put a luxmeter just above the tube. When we slowly rotate the polar screen on the top, the figure shown on the luxmeter changes. By numerical analysis, we can get information about the hydrolysis of polarized substance. Secondary, we measured the optical rotation of glucose, fructose, malt sugar, galactose, and sucrose to get their specific rotation. Then we measured the optical rotation of sucrose every five minutes. By doing this, we could keep track of the hydrolysis rate of sucrose, figure out the order of reaction, and the rate constant (k) and the equilibrium constant (K). Thirdly, we used different kinds of acids into sucrose solution as the catalyst, and observed the effect. The result showed that hydrochloric acid is a better catalyst to this reaction than sulfuric acid and nitric acid. The polarimeter of this research can be used in science education of junior and senior high school. By teaching students to assemble and operate the self-made polarimeter, students can know better about optical rotation and polarized substance. Also, the interest in this experiement will add to students’ motivation to do science research.

安德遜蠅虎的卵期和幼蛛期共約需 22~26 天，需經歷 6 齡（6 次脫皮）而成年，每齡需要時間為23~32 天，從卵期到成蛛約3~4 個月左右，成蛛約可再活 3~5 個月，為不完全變態。安德遜蠅虎喜歡在食物充足和陰暗的草叢和牆壁底層活動，能適應的溫度範圍在 15~33℃之間。安德遜蠅虎的行為項目目前已知 14 種，其中 4 種與捕食行為有關（例如：頭胸部升降、潛行、撲擊、迂迴），3 種與爭鬥行為有關（例如：Z形舞蹈1、前足斜舉、奔逃）；5 種與求偶行為有關（例如：觸肢擺動、前足斜舉、繞行、Z 形舞蹈 2、交尾） 。但牠不獵捕比自己體型過大的獵物，主要以小型蠅類或彈尾蟲為食，其捕食獵物主要靠視覺或感覺毛，中前眼最遠可看到超過12cm距離的東西，跳躍力最遠可跳出15cm 的距離。對於蠅虎的分佈區域就觀察提出【蠅虎集中發散推論】 ：一區域內的各種蠅虎，必有其集中地。各種蠅虎由其集中地向外發散、擴張形成發散地，並與其他種蠅虎勢力範圍重合，形成多種蠅虎共存的共存區。Hasarius adansoni’s egg development and postembryonic development require 22~26 days. It takes 6 stadiums to become adults. Every stadium needs 23~32 days . The adults can live to about 3~5 months . There are 3~4 months from egg development to adult. Hasarius adansoni like to move in grass and at the bottom of wall where there is plenty of food and no light.The scope of temperature is 15℃ to 33℃.There are 14 elements of behaviors known for Hasarius adansoni, including 4 predatory elements（such as Raise andlowered cephalothorax、Stalk、Leap and bit、Detour） , 3 agonistic behavior elements （such as Zigzag dance 1、First leg erect、Suddenly run and leap）, and 5 courtship behavior elements（such as Palp waving、First leg erect、Circular detour、Zigzag dance 2、Copulation）.But they don’t catch captures which are bigger than themselves；their main captures are little flies and Homidia sp. Relying on their vision and sensation hair，Hasarius adansoni’s Anterior Median eyes can identify for up to 12cm；long jump can for up to 12cm. The inference of jumping spider’s distribution could be that different species of jumping spiders in an area are sure to have their respective center habitats. They spread from the center habitats to disseminated areas. Then they overlap with those of their species and form a shared section of multiple species.

長期以來，臨床研究發現會影響人類胚胎的正常發育，造成胚胎畸形、成長遲緩等現象，稱為胎兒酒精症候群（fetal alcohol syndrome），但是其病理機制仍不清楚。最近的研究發現斑馬魚胚胎對於酒精有非常靈敏的反應，出現明顯的發育異常現象，例如心臟膨大、眼睛縮小、骨頭變形等現象，與人類胎兒酒精症候群相似，顯示斑馬魚非常適合作為研究胎兒酒精症候群的模式動物。在本實驗中，我們針對酒精影響視網膜神經發育的現象進行探討，並且也利用基因晶片篩選出胚胎發育時期受酒精影的的基因轉錄子，藉以了解酒雞造成胚胎畸形發育的機制。實驗結果顯示在眼睛發育過程中，1.5% 酒精浸泡會抑制視網膜神經細胞的分層（Lamination），而進一步利用RNA定位雜交的方式以眼睛的標示基因rx1、pax6b、six3b、alpha-crystallin、rho、neuroＤ、huC觀察他們的表現，發現酒精會減少視網膜神經細胞的分化，造成眼睛發育的缺陷。在基因晶片的分析中，我們發現酒精處理會抑制許多控制眼睛發育的基因調控子的表現，包括了crx、rybp、irx4a、optx2、rx1、brn3b1 與 vsx1等，此外約有16%的眼睛相關基因液受到酒精的抑制，遠高於其他基因受抑制的比例，顯示眼睛是酒精傷害最嚴重的區域之一。我們從實驗結果得知酒精並未對胚胎發育初期眼睛的發育造成明顯的影響，但是隨後由於控制細胞分化的幾個重要基因受到酒精抑制作用，造成視網膜神經細胞的分化停止，引起眼睛的異常發育的情況。It was known that prenatal alcohol exposure may cause serious birth defects and developmental disabilities. The molecular mechanism of this fetal alcohol syndrome still remains unclear. Here we used zebrafish embryo as a model to investigate the toxic effect of alcohol in retinal development. The histochemical analysis revealed that the cell lamination was prohibited by alcohol incubation. It appears that the retinal cell differentiation was inhibited. As revealed by whole mount RNA in situ hybridization, it appears that the transcription of a number of retinal-related regulatory genes, including rx1, pax6b, six3b, alpha-crystallin, rho, neuroD and huC, were all inhibited in zebrafish embryo by alcohol exposure. The transcriptional profile of alcohol-exposed embryos was also compared with normal embryos by microarray analysis at different stages. It appears that 16% of retinal-related genes were all repressed by 1.5% alcohol incubation, including several retina-related transcriptional factors, including crx, rybp, irx4a, optx2, rx1, brn3b1and vsx1. Our results suggest that alcohol did not interfere the early development of the eye, but has inhibited the final cell differentiation of retina cells. This study helps us understand the molecular mechanism of alcohol-mediated retinal malformation.

Refer to Figure 1. Suppose ABCD is a trapezoid and . Passing the intersection M of and we construct a parallel line intersecting and at E and F, respectively. We obtain that , and then we can generalize the result. 如(圖一)，若ABCD為梯形且，過 和交點M 分別作平行線交、 於E 、F ，可得 的關係，再加以推廣。