We operated the misexpression screen between the EP lines and the pattern lines with the genotypes of eq1>dll, eq1>abdA, eq1>Ubx, eq1-GAL4, ey-GAL4 or dpp-GAL4. After the screening, we found that five of these 1,800 strains of filial generation had special phenotypes. It had shorter antennae and defects in the anterior equatorial region of eyes. We used plasmid rescue and IPCR to sequence the certain target gene, and found that it was escargot, abbreviated as esg. To identify when, where and how the overexpression of escargot induces such phenotype, we operated the staining of eye-antenna disc in third-instar larval period of wild type, eq> esg×UAS-GFP and eq>GFP with anti-dll, anti-caspase3 and anti-esg. The result shows that escargot cannot be detected before puparium formation. But the expression of dll, a gene controls the eye development, was reduced in the eye disc. We except the overexpression cause the defect of distal antennae and the anterior equatorial region of eyes mainly in the 3-day-long pupal life.我們用異位表現法篩選出和eq1>dll、eq1>abdA、eq1>Ubx、eq1-GAL4、ey-GAL4或dpp-GAL4 這些pattern lines有交互作用的EP lines。在這1800種的果蠅子代品系中，有五種具有特殊的性 狀。它們具有觸角短化以及複眼前緣中央區有缺刻的現象(形成心型眼)。我們使用質體救援 法以及IPCR的方法來定序這段未知基因序列，發現這是一個叫做escargot的基因(簡稱esg)。 為了了解過分表現此基因會造成何種分子影響，以至於產生此種性狀，因此我們使用 anti-dll 、anti-caspase3 和anti-esg 進行野生型、eq>esg×UAS-GFP 和eq>GFP 三齡幼蟲的 eye-antenna disc的螢光免疫染色。結果在幼蟲成蛹前都沒有偵測到esg的表現現象；不過在eye disc中，控制眼睛發育的基因dll的表現有被抑制的現象。因此我們推測過分表現esg的過程因 該是發生在為其短短三天的蛹期。也就是說，這種表型應該是在化蛹後形成。

高效液相層析儀（HPLC）為測定中藥指標成分常用的分析工具，而近年來高效液相層析質譜儀（LC-MS）的應用，亦在天然藥物分析上逐漸扮演重要角色。本研究利用HPLC 分析人參中的12 種人參皂素，並以 LC-MS 確認各化合物。 本研究分為三個部份，第一部份為開發適當的HPLC 分析方法分析人參中的主要成份，並使用LC-MS 確認這些化合物。人參中的12 種人參皂素( ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2, Ro and malonylginsenosides mRb1, mRb2 and mRc ) 可於60 分鐘內成功分離，在 HPLC 分析方法中使用Cosmosil 5C18 管柱，以200nm 偵測，並以20mM KH2PO4-CH3CN 進行梯度沖提， 在LC-MS 分析中則以20mM CH3COONH4-CH3CN 進行梯度沖提。 第二部份為利用上述分析方法，比較同批人參藥材進行不同處理方式後，所得人參皂素含量的多寡，包含泡茶、煮茶、泡酒等。結果顯示若為切段（飲片）泡茶，至少應浸泡30 分鐘，切段（飲片）水煮則以15-20 分鐘較佳，粉末（茶包）泡茶的變化不明顯，而切段酒浸可以得到最多量的人參皂素，且浸泡越久含量越高。 第三部份為使用多變量統計軟體SPSS 進行區別分析（DA），統計結果可作為人參藥材基原辨識之依據。 High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a common analytical tool that has been used to analyze the index components of Chinese herb medicine. In recent years, high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) gradually plays an important role. In this study, we used HPLC to detect 12 ginsenosides in Ginseng Radix, and used LC-MS to identify the 12 compounds. This study includes three parts. The first part concerns the development of HPLC method for determining the chemical constituents in Ginseng Radix, and using LC-MS to identify them. In Ginseng Radix, components such as ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2, Ro and malonylginsenosides mRb1, mRb2 and mRc could be separated successfully in 60 mins. They were detected at 200nm by using a Cosmosil 5C18 column with a linear gradient elution of 20mM KH2PO4-CH3CN in the HPLC method, and with a linear gradient elution of 20mM CH3COONH4-CH3CN in the LC-MS method. In the second part, we used this method mentioned above to evaluate the different results from various processes, which include brewing snippets in hot water, brewing powders in hot water, cooking snippets with boiling water, and brewing snippets in rice wine. Our results are listed as follows, First, the tea using Ginseng Radix snippets brewing for about 30 mins in hot water has the best result. Second, using Ginseng Radix snippets cooking for about 15-20 mins with boiling water has the best result. Third, using Ginseng Radix powders brewing in hot water has no apparent difference. Finally, using Ginseng Radix snippets brewing in the rice wine can get most ginsenosides. The third part is using the statistic software SPSS to proceed the Discriminate Analysis（DA）. The results of the statistic analysis can help us to identify the origin of the herb medicines.

The purpose of this project is to determine if it is possible to use Ascorbic Acid Sodium- Dependent Vitamin C Transporter Type II, SVCT2, as an effective and safe protein to attach to certain brain tumor treatments to bypass the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). Stemming from this problem, a procedure was created to use in vitro engineering with the aid of a professor at the University of Calgary to combine SVCT2 and three specific tumor treatments; Imatinib Mesylate (STI-571), Temsirolimus (CCI-779), and Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid (SAHA). Following this, a metabolic barrier had to be created to simulate the BBB. To do this, the use of three enzymes were mixed and held together using specific bonds. Finally, a special bio-tracer was placed within the barrier to detect any toxic effects that may be produced. Then two trials were made with each treatment on the barrier at 34°C, 37°C, and 39°C. Once this was done observations could be made. When the newly isolated SVCT2 attaches to the three cancer treatments, they would all be able to connect and form bonds with each other. Once the incubation period is over for the first trial at 34°C, 37°C and 39°C, several things would be observed within the data. When counting the number of cells that were able to get into the engineered metabolic barrier, it could be seen that there was a dramatic increase in the number of cells in the 37°C range. SVCT2 can be a powerful tool in combating cancer. Because of its specificity, it may prove to be more advantageous over the currently used drugs which may have unwanted toxic side effects on the CNS. In the near future, SVCT2 could have the potential to be adopted as a promising therapy against cancer and certain tumors. Furthermore, SVCT2 has the potential to be applied to many situations and can be modified to fit a number of situations that deal with getting past the Blood Brain Barrier. Initially, SVCT2 was only modified with three forms of treatment for Glioblastoma Multiforme, STI-571, CCI-779, and SAHA, however there are countless other treatments that have been developed, but that are not in use due to the BBB. This project was successful in determining an appropriate temperature of 37°C for the procedure to be used. The limitations of this experiment include the fact that this experiment was performed in vitro and so complexity among individuals cannot be analyzed. However, this is an early step for the future of SVCT2 as a treatment, and clinical trials to test SVCT2 in vivo may not be too far off.

這是一系列關於水蒸氣冷凝為極細微水珠的實驗。其中可以歸納為三大部分，第一部分是基礎實驗，將水蒸氣導引至親水性介面上，觀察冷凝水珠的結構。雖然看似簡單平常，但是卻發現：不同溫度的水蒸氣，其冷凝最初始的細微珠粒，尺寸相同；爾後溫度高者，堆疊速率較大，以至於最後同時呈現的水珠大小不一，尺寸不同！ 第二部分，是針對冷凝水珠自我組裝機制的探討。實驗是將水蒸氣導引至密度小於1的高分子溶液上，並藉由揮發性溶劑快速揮發，將水珠粒「分層保留」以便更深入了解「解構」後的水珠群聚機制。在這組實驗中得到兩張有趣的圖片： 在討論時，我是從對流機制切入，嘗試解構上面兩張圖。 第三部分的實驗，是將水蒸氣導引到磁場及靜電場上，觀察冷凝的機構。這部分呈現出來的結果，推翻了一般「水分子為電中性應該在電場與磁場中不受影響？」刻板觀念，實驗呈現水分子：不但在電磁場上不易長大同時也有固定的散佈模式(assembly pattern)。同時也觀察到：水分子在正電場形成的凝結水珠較為均勻，在負電場則表現出較大親水性特質。這部分的實驗對日後研究細胞膜上水分子通道應有助益。 I have tried to ask a famous math professor if he can create a formula describing the ordered array of water droplets. “Then, I should study Physics first!” He said. Condensation is the thing we live with, being found everywhere, passing without notice. But we never know when it dose start? By coalescence, water droplets grow bigger, but are not round again. We used the polymer film as template and designed the solution lighter than water, so the minute droplets will sink to the bottom and layer by layer. After seconds we may have multilayers of ordered array. This experiment presented here is actually the diary of the growth of water droplets through condensation, upon volatile fluid, magnetic field and electric field. Through convection, it discusses the self assembly mechanism of water droplets and peep into the uniformity of the size of water droplets. In this experiment, convection and magneto-electric force did play important roles in the self assembly mechanism of water droplets. The topic is mostly concerned as we are surrounded by magneto-electric waves in today’s world. This is the first step in discovering the homogeneous state of water droplets, providing insights into the self assembly mechanism of water droplets with nano sizes.

本研究採自中石化安順廠戴奧辛污染場址之土壤，篩選出一株純 菌微生物(Pseudomonas mendocina NSYSU) ， 其含有PCDD/Fs (Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans, PCDD/Fs)土壤於實驗室進行微生物降解試驗，結果顯示約21 天即有 明顯降解結果；本研究同時觀察到該微生物能在汞濃度達50 ppm 之 戴奧辛土壤中，仍具有相當程度之耐受度，並進一步降解戴奧辛化合 物。 我更以標準品探討菌種對於戴奧辛類化合物(Dioxin like congener) 之降解效果，成功地發現這株菌種不僅對於PCDD/Fs 有降 解能力，對於戴奧辛類化合物也有明顯之降解效果。 由研究結果，明顯看出P. mendocina 菌株為「世紀之毒」找到了 解藥，開發出以生物復育改善污染環境的一種新方法。A dioxin-degrading bacterial strain Pseudomonas mendocina NSYSU was isolated from dioxin contaminated soil by selective enrichment techniques. In our previous study, P. mendocina NSYSU was found to be able to use pentachlorophenol (PCP) as its sole carbon source and energy source and was capable of completely degrading this compound. Moreover, P. mendocina NSYSU was also able to mineralize a high concentration of PCP up to 150 mg/L. In this study, P. mendocina NSYSU was investigated for its ability to degrade polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs). Results show that P. mendocina NSYSU could grow well in media containing both PCDFs and PCDDs, and was able to degrade both compounds efficiently. In this study, isotope dilution method and a high resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) technique were applied for the analyses of PCDFs and PCDDs. Investigation results reveal that significant biodegradation of octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) and octachlorinated dibenzofuran (OCDF) by treating with P. mendocina NSYSU resting cells was observed. The results also indicate that this bacterial strain is able to biodegrade OCDD and OCDF effectively under anoxic conditions due to its facultative anaerobic character. No accumulation of inhibitory toxic byproducts was found in this study. These findings suggest that in situ or on-site bioremediation of dioxin-contaminated soils by using indigenous microorganisms or inoculated P. mendocina NSYSU strain would be a feasible technology for field application.

本實作以光學全像術為基礎，拍攝出三維立體的影像。內容主要為分別製作「穿透式」全像片、「反射式」全像片及「彩虹」全像片等三部份。其中，在反射式全像片中，嘗試以不同數量的光束來拍攝。發現以單光束法拍攝出的全像片比較容易成功，但重建影像的視角與效果都不如雙光束拍攝法來的好。在拍攝彩虹全像片的過程中我們令狹縫為變因，做有加狹縫與未加狹縫的實驗，實驗發現效果不同。並以改變狹縫的角度、方位，來觀察底片的變化。最後，觀察出豐富多樣的彩虹變化型態。全像片可重建拍攝的物光與參考光，並顯現拍攝物的三維狀態。可應用於信用卡、紙鈔防偽，廠商標籤，附加商品（如鑰匙圈、貼紙），廣告看板等，用途廣泛。 The purpose of this project is to construct the 3-dimensional images utilized optical holography. The holograms we made can be categorized into three main types: transmission, reflection and rainbow. In reflection hologram, we have tried to construct the hologram by the use of different number of light beams. It could be found that the reconstructed image of the hologram formed by a single beam is better than those of the hologram formed by two beams. However, the field of view and image quality of the two-beam hologram was better than those of single-beam hologram. In rainbow hologram, we varied the orientation and position of slit to investigate the quality of the reconstructed images. The reconstructed images displayed rainbow image diversity. In application, the holograms can display three-dimensional images by reconstructing the hologram. In addition, the holograms are in widespread applied in security applications of credit card、banknotes、labels、stickers etc.

在傳統的解剖學分類上，台灣地區樹蛙科(Rhacopboridae) 共有台北樹蛙(Rhacophorus taipeionus)、莫氏樹蚌(R.multrechtis ) 、裴翠樹蛙(R.sp.)、白領樹蛙(Polypedates leuco leucomystax)、褐樹蛙（ R.robostus ）日本樹蛙 ( R.japonicus)、艾氏樹蛙 （ R . eifingeri ）等七種，其中除白頜樹蛙屬於 Polypedates 屬外，其餘六種均屬Rhacophorus 屬（呂， 1982 ）。這七種樹 蛙除裴翠樹蛙族群較小外，其餘六種在台灣都有不小的族群分佈，裴翠樹蛙是師大呂光洋老師實驗室民國七十年五月間新發現，依其外部形態與傳統解剖學分類，將其哲時歸屬於 RhacoPhorus 屬， 很可能是世界新種；本實驗目的之一，在研究裴翠樹蛙基本生化資料，進而對其在分類上位置之確定提供參考”國內關於無尾類(Anu-ra)的生化方面研究甚少，國外有關蟾蜍科（ Bufonidae ）、樹蟾科（ Hylidae ）、赤蛙科 ( Raniidae ）等的生化分析論文發表相當多，但卻很少看到樹蛙科（Rhacophoridae ）的文獻，內此樹蛙科的研究有共必要；本實驗目的之二，在研究台灣本區鄉土的樹蛙 生化資料。根據 Matthews ( 1975 )對蟾蛛( Bufo )的研究， Lew-ontin and Hubby ( 1966 )對果蠅（ Drosophila ）的研究 , He-dgecock and Ayala ( 1974 )對山椒魚（ Salamand ridae ）的研 究， Adest ( 1977 )對蜥蜴（ Iquanidae ）的研究都顯示酯酶（ Esterase ）是多型性現象（ Polymorphism ）最明顯的一種酶，因此取酯酶做此研究甚為適合。

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a popular model organism used for elucidating complex\r developmental pathways and processes. Although the Zebrafish Genome Project is\r nearing completion, the function of most genes remains to be discovered. In zebrafish,\r where an efficient gene targeting method is still absent, costly Morpholinos (MOs) have\r been widely used to ‘knockdown’ specific genes.

Introduction The discovery of titania (TiO2) nanotubes suggests vast improvements over extant titania properties. Titania nanotubes are aligned in highly-ordered arrays with a large geometric surface area, making them the ideal material for many applications. However, the mechanism responsible for the growth rates of highly-ordered nanotubes with optimal adhesive properties is not fully explained or understood. Purpose of Research The aims of this project were threefold: to explore the effects of different anodizing parameters on the fabrication of titania nanotubes; to study the photocatalytic activity of the nanotubes; and to deposit gold nanoparticles into the nanotubes. Methodology Nanotube Fabrication: Titanium foil was subjected to potentiostatic anodization with the use of various fluorinebased electrolytes, anodization voltage and duration to compare the effects of different parameters. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the nanotube diameter and length of the anodized samples. Photo-electrochemica1 Water-splitting: A PEC cell was assembled using the nanotubes as the photoanode and the samples were anodically polarized in a 1M KOH electrolyte. A potentiostat was employed to control the applied bias and to measure the photocurrent response under light irradiation. Overall photoconversion efficiency (ηc) of the samples was then calculated. Catalyst Support: A gold precursor solution was prepared with HAuC14‧3H2O. Using a novel depositionprecipitation (DP) protocol, gold nanoparticles were deposited on the nanotubes. SEM was used to scan for traces of gold and their locations. Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy was used to confirm the identity of the gold nanoparticles. Data and Discussion Nanotube Fabrication: Preliminary studies found the glycerol/water and glycerol/formamide combinations to be the most promising. In glycerol/water-based electrolytes, higher water content corresponded to a decrease in nanotube length while higher anodization voltage resulted in a significant increase in tube diameter and length. In glycerol/formamide-based electrolytes, higher water content corresponded to a decrease in nanotube diameter while higher fluorine concentration resulted in an increase in inter-tubular spacing. The effects of various fabrication parameters were better understood, contributing to greater control over array dimensions. Photo-electrochemical Water-splitting: A higher anodizaion voltage resulted in a significant improvement in photoconversion efficiency. However, this trend was reversed in chlorine-doped samples, where a longer anodization duration corresponded with better photoconversion efficiency. Doping was found to enhance the photoresponse of the samples, with 6.32 % photoconversion efficiency obtained, suggesting new strategies for light harvesting and a step closer towards commercially-viable solar energy. Catalyst Support: Gold nanoparticles (5-10 nm) were successfully deposited onto the titania nanotube samples. Based on current literature, this was the first successful attempt at depositing gold nanoparticles into titania nanotubes. An EDX spectrum confirmed the identity of the gold nanoparticles. Compared to current catalytic converters, the gold/titania nanotube structure offered a larger catalytic surface area for reactants and the ability to function at low temperatures. Conclusion: By understanding the effects of various parameters on titania nanotube fabrication, the anodization process can be optimized to enable more precise control over array dimensions. High photocatalytic efficiency has also been achieved. In addition, doping is found to improve the photoresponse of titania nanotubes. Gold nanoparticles have been deposited, to our knowledge for the first time, onto the surface and inner walls of titania nanotubes.

NO.60-06 2021 DEC | 科學研習期刊目錄 本期專題 STEAM策略下的AI與機器人教育 機器學習與學習機器學習 | 蘇文鈺 疫情下生活科技課遠端教學的實施經驗分享 | 汪殿杰 AI機器人發展與教育推動 | 社團法人臺灣玉山機器人協會 在國小校園遇見AI人工智慧 | 林育沖 教學現場 AI-STEAM教學實例 | 張玉山、翁子涵 線上方式推動科技教育 | 薛雅云 臺北市國中小學人工智慧(AI)教育的推動 | 曾振富 我的第一堂AI課 | 呂聖泰、蔡孟辰、翁子涵 搭建國小機器人課程的任意門 | 楊秀全 宅配教材之探究實作視訊教學的課程設計與實踐 | 謝甫宜、謝明澄 科學新知 岩心標本知多少？！ | 梁勝雄、范力仁 臆測生物學 | 謝甫宜、謝秉璋 特約專欄 我們只有一個地球——全球環境氣候議題教學資源介紹 | 劉淑雯、黃譯平 COVID-19創疫課程：因應線上課程的STEAM課程設計與實踐 | 周靜儀 森棚教官數學題——三歲的小畫家 | 游森棚 科普活動報導 科普旅遊實務——白冷圳 | 陳正治、蘇明俊、林芷伊 疫情下的物理探究實作競賽 | 張智淳、余進忠、蘇萬生 總召集人的話 有件事情需要我們想想，牛頓時代沒有細分的系所，大師輩出；現在領域、系、所，分了又分，許多學者論文動輒百篇，然大師依舊屈指可數。以前的醫師是把個脈可以像CSI做診斷；現在的醫師當然也是分科很細，採用許多尖端儀器協助診斷病因。是我們分工更細更多，也將有限的資源更為弱化，卻又某天驀然回首說我們要跨域，因為我們發現思路變窄，視野不廣，覺得需要有互相支持的專業；要跨域要先能夠溝通，要有共同的語言則要透過基礎科學。基礎科學是慢慢地磨，教育扎根的工作跟挖下水道一樣，看不到亮點，卻影響甚鉅；而應用科學有賴於扎實的基礎科學養成，才能有成長及開花結果的機會。大家看到光鮮亮麗的成就背後都有著長久的積累，而非像阿拉丁神燈摸一摸就可以馬上有成果有亮點的。拋開社會上的功利及收割，我們是要規劃長久的未來，偶爾解決當下的問題！ 本期專題的主題——STEAM策略下的AI與機器人教育，呼應最近的新聞——2021年有12校增設人工智慧系，以及半導體學院設立等等。值得思考的是這些新設系所學位學程算不算個領域？或是資工系、電機系、機械系裡的某個組？暑假到了，好多的AI營隊、機器人營隊等等，都打著STEAM的招牌，這好像在一個科展作品中用了雷切、3D列印、Arduino等當紅設施；我們要如何判斷這是AI？還是機械領域裡面的自動控制？我們每天一定會使用的沖水馬桶浮球自動止住出水就是自動控制。 一個機器加了感測器(感官)及致動器(肌肉)的設施，還是需要一個控制器(大腦)，控制器當然就需要透過程式來實現學習、決策、判斷及下達指令，這樣就是個閉迴路控制系統。學習使用Scratch寫程式，就會有運算思維嗎？寫了程式就必然會用到演算法嗎？如何透過工人智慧的精神去學習人工智慧？是不是應該有很細緻的規劃及引導才能竟其功。 若要問寫程式最多的系所，很多人都會回答是資工系。然而，大家看看超級電腦放在氣象局，就應該知道跟流體力學有關的科系如大氣、機械、航太、水利、造船等才是需要龐大計算資源的。 專題主題及教學現場文章中，蘇文鈺老師分享其機器學習歷程的演進，從早期AI的提出電腦跑不動到現在電腦速度夠快可以實現AI，到組織學會並開發PAIA平台，服務學生程式學習進行AI/ML的操作。汪殿杰老師透過自身實作經驗，分享如何透過Google協作平台於疫情期間的許多教學作為以及遠距授課的各種樣態、作法及解決方案，還有許多經驗數字值得讀者參考、值得讀者學習。 「市面上充斥著各式各樣的相關科普產品，大多處於AI體驗階段…」AI知識學習與STEAM有何關係？AI機器人有哪些競賽？是純粹機器人還是有人工智慧的機器人？有哪些值得反思的地方？在國小校園如何遇見AI？在國小階段就有機會體驗、操作、思考AI與生活的關係，這很值得探究及評量其成效，學習其作法；在運算思維及程式設計的基本能力建立上會遇到那些困難？林育沖校長分享其經驗。曾振富校長也為大家介紹台北市中小學AI教育的推動軌跡及教材開發。AI-STEAM教學實例一文就可以讓我們省思，S.T.E.A.M.與STEAM的差異，有AI跟無AI的STEAM有那些本質上的差異；當我們在學習過程中發現有模糊不清之處，要回歸到定義，理解基本定義，才能有足夠的判斷能力。 市面上許多的補習班及營隊透過STEAM、AI名稱招生，有必要仔細檢驗這裡面的課程內容，不然漸漸的、慢慢滴，定義好像就積非成是了。AI人工智慧的學習是需要完整的知識體系，現存許多跟自動控制有關、有智慧製造或是智慧決策等功能的組件，都可以跟人工智慧有關係，能不能以人工智慧稱呼考驗大家的智慧。因此許多市面上或是牽拖點關係的都是需要回歸定義，不然只是先導的幾個初階學習，如知識學習、名詞學習。許多自動控制的學習被誤解成是人工智慧。 教學現場以線上方式推動科技教育會面臨哪些問題？ 以學生為中心的課程設計，透過自發互動共好的理念，讓學生有主動參與學習的機會，如何讓Brainstorming 的教學方式，很有效率及有成效的進行？我的第一堂AI課剛好給大家檢視如何看懂感測元件的使用說明書以及結合程式來做判斷；如何透過演算法訓練好感測器都是需要學習的。國小機器人課程學習可以建立運算思維以及學習演算法嗎？機器人組件組裝及課程是如何連結到演算法、運算思維、以及STEAM的？想知道疫情期間如何突破線上課程的限制進行探究與實作的教學——「宅配教材X視訊教學」——謝甫宜老師團隊說給你聽。 科學新知有兩篇文章——您知道什麼是岩心標本嗎？您知道岩心標本如何解讀嗎？您知道全國最大典藏岩心標本的地方在哪裡嗎？岩心箱中的岩心排列是按照甚麼法則放置？ 中央地調所豐富的岩心收藏值得探究，且看岩心標本知多少一一道來。融合浪漫與理性、創意與邏輯、紊亂與秩序的臆測生物學，在介紹優雅的古生物意象及演化為師之餘，也介紹許多值得一讀的書籍及書中珍貴的插圖。 特約專欄中，極端氣候的出現，認識氣候變遷帶來的影響，災難防制已成顯學，劉淑雯老師為您介紹優質的教育資源。如何透過STEAM教育理念作為核心，配合創意思考及翻轉教育激發的學生思考能力，來達成有效能的學習模式，COVID-19 創疫課程讓你有感；建構符合防疫的線上課程，透過與STEAM的密切磨合耦合，吸引學生興趣，更是學生學習系統設計，開拓眼界的機會。三歲小畫家讓您對於期望值有更深入的理解，務必嘗試，必然有解。 疫情下的許多變通考驗大家的智慧，中華民國物理教育學會余進忠理事長團隊舉辦第四屆全國高中探究實作競賽，鉅細靡遺地解決繁雜問題，令人佩服，整個經驗也值得傳承學習。 總召編輯委員 - 李旺龍 關於本刊 出版單位：國立臺灣科學教育館 發行人：劉火欽 總召集人：李旺龍 編輯委員： 物理科吳仲卿/陳耀榮/李柏翰/盧玉玲 | 化學科古建國/許良榮/王伯昌/林如章/周金城 | 生物科王美芬/蕭世輝/陳建志/郭淑妙 | 地球科學許民陽/王郁軒/李文禮/謝隆欽 科技科張玉山/汪殿杰/林育沖/趙珩宇 | 數學科李源順/鄧家駿/溫世展/張宮明 | 跨領域學科李名揚/連信仲 | 特約專欄 游森棚/黃琴扉/陳正改/劉淑雯 策劃：曾聰邦 主編：吳中益 本月專題特約主編：張玉山 編輯：佟冠誼/林博雅 網頁設計編輯：施曉恬 投稿規範請來信詢問：article@mail.ntsec.gov.tw

逛夜市時看到有人在射飛鏢，我們突然想到，如果飛鏢射中每個點的機率都相等，那我們是不是可以由射中圓的機率，及外圍的面積來推知圓周率呢？我們先後進行射飛鏢及擲黑豆的實驗發現，實驗過程都不夠隨機而宣告失敗。於是我們以解析幾何的方式將實驗的樣本空間座標化，然後用EXCEL 試算表的亂數製造隨機點，並判斷隨機點的落點。 我們共製造了109個亂數數對，由所得數據分析π的近似值為3.141607304。 我們並進一步實驗發現當短軸的長度固定時，橢圓的面積與長軸的長度成正比。進而推得橢圓面積為 1/4 ×長軸×短軸×π 透過實驗我們也發現，邊長為2r 的正立方體最大圓柱、球體、圓錐體積比為3:2:1。並進一步推得半徑為r 的球體體積為 4/3 r3π 此外，我們思索幾個可以再深入探討的主題： 1. 三角函數Sinθ 的近似值。 2. 對數表的製作。 3. 無理數逼近速度及準確性的探討。

在這篇報告中，我們以貝斯曲線的做圖原理建立出一種新的曲線－環狀貝斯曲線，進而得到不少有趣的結果。我們發現有名的古典曲線－蚶線，也是屬於二次環狀貝斯曲線。軌跡方程式為：，此時，係數恰符合二項式定理。之後我們推廣至n次環狀貝斯曲線的軌跡方程式：，也符合二項式定理。 在複數平面上，給定z0、z1、z2三點，我們定義出一個二次變換 ，若，，可映射成蚶線的圖形；若z∈實數，則可映射成拋物線。利用此結果類推我們找到一個複數平面上由 z0、z1、...、zn 所決定的n次變換將以原點為圓心的單位圓，映射成n次環狀Bezier曲線。 In this essay, we use the method of forming a Bezier Curve to establish a new curve, circular Bezier Curve, and find a lot of interesting results. We discover the famous classical curve ＂limacon＂, which belongs to the Quadratic Circular Bezier Curve. The locus of Quadratic Circular Bezier Curve is, where. Its coefficients match the binomial theorem. Then we apply it to the locus of nth-circular Bezier Curve:, and it also matches the binomial theorem.On the complex plane, we define a quadratic transformation corresponding to three points—z0,z1 and z2 as .If , where , a limacon is mapped. If z is a real number, a parabola is mapped. With this result, we will find a nth transformation defined by z0、z1、...、zn on the complex plane. It will form a nth-circular Bezier Curve with unit circle centering on the origin.