One afternoon, a photography enthusiast, Mr. Cheung was holding some photos, completely absorbed in the fond (but ancient) memories of his honeymoon in Cairo. The badly-yellowed photo prints reminded him of every sweet and romantic moment of the “good old days”. He was soon rudely awakened when Mrs. Cheung shouted, “Honey dear! I was told that high-tech is ‘in’, and the single-lens reflex camera is totally out! So stop hugging the old out-dated pictures.” Mr. Cheung fired back, “Oh, you know nothing. This is something you cannot replace at all, and my camera is a classic.” Smiling at him, Mrs. Cheung took out a new gadget, “Right, right, now calm down. It never hurts to have both worlds. Look what I’ve got you. This is called ‘Stereoscopic Camera Lens’. Its little coloured spectacles can capture everything, say, the sensational Great Pyramid, in three dimensions!” As we are asking for and relying more on technological advances, the Stereoscopic Camera lens and the Stereoscopic Magic Box are surely innovations that promise to add a new dimension to our lives. Surprisingly, the working of these two gadgets involve only some simple scientific theories such as polarization, doping and anaglyph; and employs the special property of Liquid Crystal Layer (LCD) under electric current. Stereoscopic photos can now be easily available to us. Both of our designs, the Stereoscopic Camera Lens and the Stereoscopic Magic Box, can turn something ordinary into extraordinary by making plain, 2-dimensional things ‘stand out’ before your eyes. The Lens itself is crafted with such precision that it can capture any image both faithfully and flawlessly. The Magic Box uses electric current to catalyze and enhance the 3-dimensional transformation. So each picture is vibrant and true-to-life. The Lens and the Magic Box will certainly revolutionize our vision of things around us. To enable you to have a good understanding of the theories behind the making of the Stereoscopic Camera Lens and the Stereoscopic Magic Box, we have made simple models of them with prisms, and they are in display at our booth. Anyone who is interested in these fancy gadgets should definitely come to our booth to experience a new view of the world!

本報告研究內容，是利用電化學氧化還原方法合成金、銀、銅三種奈米粒子，以及探討電流是否會影響電解合成奈米粒子，在前半部成功地利用控制電解的部份條件，如界面活性劑、以及電流值大小，而合成出金、銀、銅三種奈米粒子，利用UV-VIS的光譜分析，鑑定其三種奈米粒子不同的吸收波長，其光譜出現吸收的現象是因為金屬表面特殊的表面電漿共振吸收現象而產生的。但是在本實驗中發現在UV-VIS的光譜中，電壓值的大小對金奈米粒子吸收波長並沒有關係，這些奈米粒子在水溶液中藉由界面活性劑的包覆，而溶解的相當好。 The content of thesis focuses on using electrochemistry oxidation-reduction reaction to synthesis gold, silver, and copper nanoparticles. We confer whether current of the electrolysis is an influence for the synthesis of nanoparticles. We succeed in synthesizing nanoparticle by controlling some terms of the electrolysis, like the micelle concentration, and current value. Using UV-VIS spectrum to analyse wavelength of three kinds of nanoparticles. The special phenomenon of absorption spectra is appeared because the surface plasma resonance on the surface of metal. From the UV-Vis spectra, we didn’t find the exact relationship between the potential value and the absorption spectra of gold nanoparticles. Finally, we also obtained good results in spectra observation, which meant that these nanoparticles encapsulated with surfactants were well solved in the solution.

The purpose of this project is to determine if it is possible to use Ascorbic Acid Sodium- Dependent Vitamin C Transporter Type II, SVCT2, as an effective and safe protein to attach to certain brain tumor treatments to bypass the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). Stemming from this problem, a procedure was created to use in vitro engineering with the aid of a professor at the University of Calgary to combine SVCT2 and three specific tumor treatments; Imatinib Mesylate (STI-571), Temsirolimus (CCI-779), and Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid (SAHA). Following this, a metabolic barrier had to be created to simulate the BBB. To do this, the use of three enzymes were mixed and held together using specific bonds. Finally, a special bio-tracer was placed within the barrier to detect any toxic effects that may be produced. Then two trials were made with each treatment on the barrier at 34°C, 37°C, and 39°C. Once this was done observations could be made. When the newly isolated SVCT2 attaches to the three cancer treatments, they would all be able to connect and form bonds with each other. Once the incubation period is over for the first trial at 34°C, 37°C and 39°C, several things would be observed within the data. When counting the number of cells that were able to get into the engineered metabolic barrier, it could be seen that there was a dramatic increase in the number of cells in the 37°C range. SVCT2 can be a powerful tool in combating cancer. Because of its specificity, it may prove to be more advantageous over the currently used drugs which may have unwanted toxic side effects on the CNS. In the near future, SVCT2 could have the potential to be adopted as a promising therapy against cancer and certain tumors. Furthermore, SVCT2 has the potential to be applied to many situations and can be modified to fit a number of situations that deal with getting past the Blood Brain Barrier. Initially, SVCT2 was only modified with three forms of treatment for Glioblastoma Multiforme, STI-571, CCI-779, and SAHA, however there are countless other treatments that have been developed, but that are not in use due to the BBB. This project was successful in determining an appropriate temperature of 37°C for the procedure to be used. The limitations of this experiment include the fact that this experiment was performed in vitro and so complexity among individuals cannot be analyzed. However, this is an early step for the future of SVCT2 as a treatment, and clinical trials to test SVCT2 in vivo may not be too far off.

我的研究是利用一些特殊的手法來探討所有情況皆會產生共點圓或共圓點。在一個由四條直線(無平行線組、無共點)所構成的圖形中，可以找到四個三角形及它們的外接圓。我知道它會共點，在此稱其為限制點。且若再添加一條直線，則可以任意的取出四條直線，分別找出它的限制點，而這些限制點又會共圓，吾稱其為限制圓。我欲證明此種情況會不斷延續下去。即是六條線時又會有限制點，七條線時又會有限制圓…。在本研究中，我利用了數學歸納法、特殊的編號方法以及「方向角」來做出此證明。由於固定的線組對應至固定的限制點或限制圓，希望能向找出其性質的方向發展。In my study, I use some skills to discuss all the situations which satisfy following conditions. The result is that concurrent circles or concyclic points will be found in every situation. In a graph consisting of four lines, conforming to conditions that any three lines won’t be parallel or intersect at one point, I can find out four triangles and their circumscribed circles. I know these circumscribed circles will be concurrent and I call the point at which all the circles meet “restricted point”. If another line is additionally added in the graph, I can discover that restricted points determined by any four lines in the graph will be concyclic. I call the circle “restricted circle”. What I want to prove is that the above situation will go on. In other words, restricted points will exist when I have six lines, and restricted circles will exist when I have seven lines and so on. In my study, I used Principal of Mathematical Induction, special ways of numbering points and circles, and “orientated angle” to prove my hypothesis. Because of particular line groups corresponding with particular restricted points or restricted circles, the further work I want to attain is to find the relation of them.

本研究採自中石化安順廠戴奧辛污染場址之土壤，篩選出一株純 菌微生物(Pseudomonas mendocina NSYSU) ， 其含有PCDD/Fs (Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans, PCDD/Fs)土壤於實驗室進行微生物降解試驗，結果顯示約21 天即有 明顯降解結果；本研究同時觀察到該微生物能在汞濃度達50 ppm 之 戴奧辛土壤中，仍具有相當程度之耐受度，並進一步降解戴奧辛化合 物。 我更以標準品探討菌種對於戴奧辛類化合物(Dioxin like congener) 之降解效果，成功地發現這株菌種不僅對於PCDD/Fs 有降 解能力，對於戴奧辛類化合物也有明顯之降解效果。 由研究結果，明顯看出P. mendocina 菌株為「世紀之毒」找到了 解藥，開發出以生物復育改善污染環境的一種新方法。A dioxin-degrading bacterial strain Pseudomonas mendocina NSYSU was isolated from dioxin contaminated soil by selective enrichment techniques. In our previous study, P. mendocina NSYSU was found to be able to use pentachlorophenol (PCP) as its sole carbon source and energy source and was capable of completely degrading this compound. Moreover, P. mendocina NSYSU was also able to mineralize a high concentration of PCP up to 150 mg/L. In this study, P. mendocina NSYSU was investigated for its ability to degrade polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs). Results show that P. mendocina NSYSU could grow well in media containing both PCDFs and PCDDs, and was able to degrade both compounds efficiently. In this study, isotope dilution method and a high resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) technique were applied for the analyses of PCDFs and PCDDs. Investigation results reveal that significant biodegradation of octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) and octachlorinated dibenzofuran (OCDF) by treating with P. mendocina NSYSU resting cells was observed. The results also indicate that this bacterial strain is able to biodegrade OCDD and OCDF effectively under anoxic conditions due to its facultative anaerobic character. No accumulation of inhibitory toxic byproducts was found in this study. These findings suggest that in situ or on-site bioremediation of dioxin-contaminated soils by using indigenous microorganisms or inoculated P. mendocina NSYSU strain would be a feasible technology for field application.

高效液相層析儀（HPLC）為測定中藥指標成分常用的分析工具，而近年來高效液相層析質譜儀（LC-MS）的應用，亦在天然藥物分析上逐漸扮演重要角色。本研究利用HPLC 分析人參中的12 種人參皂素，並以 LC-MS 確認各化合物。 本研究分為三個部份，第一部份為開發適當的HPLC 分析方法分析人參中的主要成份，並使用LC-MS 確認這些化合物。人參中的12 種人參皂素( ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2, Ro and malonylginsenosides mRb1, mRb2 and mRc ) 可於60 分鐘內成功分離，在 HPLC 分析方法中使用Cosmosil 5C18 管柱，以200nm 偵測，並以20mM KH2PO4-CH3CN 進行梯度沖提， 在LC-MS 分析中則以20mM CH3COONH4-CH3CN 進行梯度沖提。 第二部份為利用上述分析方法，比較同批人參藥材進行不同處理方式後，所得人參皂素含量的多寡，包含泡茶、煮茶、泡酒等。結果顯示若為切段（飲片）泡茶，至少應浸泡30 分鐘，切段（飲片）水煮則以15-20 分鐘較佳，粉末（茶包）泡茶的變化不明顯，而切段酒浸可以得到最多量的人參皂素，且浸泡越久含量越高。 第三部份為使用多變量統計軟體SPSS 進行區別分析（DA），統計結果可作為人參藥材基原辨識之依據。 High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a common analytical tool that has been used to analyze the index components of Chinese herb medicine. In recent years, high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) gradually plays an important role. In this study, we used HPLC to detect 12 ginsenosides in Ginseng Radix, and used LC-MS to identify the 12 compounds. This study includes three parts. The first part concerns the development of HPLC method for determining the chemical constituents in Ginseng Radix, and using LC-MS to identify them. In Ginseng Radix, components such as ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2, Ro and malonylginsenosides mRb1, mRb2 and mRc could be separated successfully in 60 mins. They were detected at 200nm by using a Cosmosil 5C18 column with a linear gradient elution of 20mM KH2PO4-CH3CN in the HPLC method, and with a linear gradient elution of 20mM CH3COONH4-CH3CN in the LC-MS method. In the second part, we used this method mentioned above to evaluate the different results from various processes, which include brewing snippets in hot water, brewing powders in hot water, cooking snippets with boiling water, and brewing snippets in rice wine. Our results are listed as follows, First, the tea using Ginseng Radix snippets brewing for about 30 mins in hot water has the best result. Second, using Ginseng Radix snippets cooking for about 15-20 mins with boiling water has the best result. Third, using Ginseng Radix powders brewing in hot water has no apparent difference. Finally, using Ginseng Radix snippets brewing in the rice wine can get most ginsenosides. The third part is using the statistic software SPSS to proceed the Discriminate Analysis（DA）. The results of the statistic analysis can help us to identify the origin of the herb medicines.

My project explores the practicality of biodiesel. It researches the argument of food versus fuel, compares the energy efficiencies of petroleum diesel and biodiesel and studies the effect of temperature on biodiesel. To study the effect of temperature on biodiesel, I blended biodiesel with petroleum diesel. Biodiesel blends are represented by the letter B, and the percentage of biodiesel. I used B5, B10, B20, and B50 blends, as well as pure biodiesel. I then observed the reaction of the biodiesel blends with cold weather. My pure biodiesel and B50 blends gelled to an unusable point within 15 minutes outside at -20oC. The B20 blends didn’t gel until about a temperature of -20oC. I have concluded that the B20 blend would be best for the summer, and the B10 or B5 blends would be the best for winter in northern climates, where I live. Although the B10 blends gelled slightly around -30oC, this would only be a problem for northern climates. As I predicted, more energy is produced by biodiesel than is consumed in the production process. The process of making biodiesel uses 0.31 units of energy to get 1 unit of energy out. More energy (1.2 units) is used to produce petroleum diesel than is yielded (1 unit). Although B20 isn’t as energy efficient as B100, the energy factor is still only 0.98 units of energy in for every 1 unit of energy out. When I started this project I thought that Canada would have enough farmland to produce the canola needed to run the country on biodiesel. This is only partly true. Canada would have enough farmland, but only a fraction of that land is actually used to plant canola. By my calculations, Canada has enough canola to generate enough B20 for a year. This may seem like a drawback but realistically, a higher blend would be impractical due to the gelling factor. Also, if a B20 blend was used, land would be available to grow canola for other markets. If B100 was used, there would only be enough diesel for about three months consumption. By using all of the land for biodiesel feedstock, canola would become unavailable for other markets. If canola exports ceased, the countries that depend on our canola will be in a lot of trouble. Canada already produces a lot of canola and vegetable oil. Most of it goes to the fast food industry. The United States produces over three billion gallons of fryer oil yearly. This could provide Canada with a B50 blend for a year. Utilizing used vegetable oil in making biodiesel actually reduces emissions even more. This is accomplished by using a product that would normally go to waste and decompose, producing more carbon dioxide emissions. During this project, I have found that biodiesel is a practical alternative to petroleum diesel, if it is used in a blend. My experiment proves that biodiesel is a fuel alternative that could be implemented immediately, and one that does not require the research needed for other fuel alternatives such as hydrogen or electricity.

NO.59-05 2020 OCT | 科學研習期刊目錄 本期專題 電池與化學 鋰離子電池的發展、應用與未來 | 洪為民 微型熔融鹽電解模組的設計與應用、應用與未來 | 廖旭茂 教學現場 動感自然課—體感式學習融入自然科教學 | 柯孟昌 會呼吸的瓶子 | 許良榮、辜家偉、楊家茜 火柴化學家：一根火柴的故事 | 江淑芳、陳坤龍 科學新知 自主性學習地圖規劃與研發歷程--以國立臺灣科學教育館常設展為範疇 | 于曉平 特約專欄 在繪本中發現漁船的構造與功能－像科學家一般的閱讀 | 劉淑雯、顧翠琴 音樂摩天輪STEAM創意課程 | 李易澄、黃琴扉 冬去春來高溫依舊 | 盧孟明 森棚教官數學題－信號發射臺 | 游森棚 科普活動報導 盲符TipFeel創作過程分享 | 張敏娟、楊夢萍、江皓全 大手拉小手 親子共學趣 | 黃真瑱、蘇萬生 全國高中探究實作競賽的三部曲 | 余進忠、蘇萬生 總召集人的話 化學電池是利用氧化還原反應將化學能轉變成電能的裝置；電解電池則是利用電能產生化學反應的裝置。所以，電池與化學關係緊密，本期特別以「電池與化學」為專題。 「本期專題」單元共有兩篇文章，〈鋰離子電池的發展、應用與未來〉介紹廣用在手機和筆記型電腦等無線電子產品的可充電電池—鋰離子電池—的發展、應用與未來。〈微型熔融鹽電解模組的設計與應用〉分享透過新開發的微型電解裝置，探討電解槽中陰、陽離子之移動與變化的實驗設計。 「教學現場」單元刊登三篇文章，〈動感自然課—體感式學習融入自然科教學〉分享在國小五年級自然課程中挑選三個單元導入體感式肢體活動與科學遊戲的經驗。〈會呼吸的瓶子〉分享利用寶特瓶、瓶蓋和吸管等簡易器材，讓瓶子很規律冒出空氣泡的「科學探究」實驗。〈火柴化學家：一根火柴的故事〉分享科工館以小五至國二學生為對象，辦理「元素殿堂的奇幻旅程」冬令營活動中，所規劃及實施的「一支火柴的故事/自製火柴，浴火磁生」活動課程。 「科學新知」單元刊登一篇文章，〈自主性學習地圖規劃與研發歷程--以國立臺灣科學教育館常設展為範疇〉介紹科教館透過「常設展區自主性學習地圖建置與運用」計畫以「人體的奧秘」、「探索物理世界」與「探索化學世界」三大展示區為範疇所建立的科學概念圖，以及依概念發展的邏輯順序串連各個展品，所連結形成的不同路線學習地圖。 「特約專欄」單元刊登四篇文章，〈在繪本中發現漁船的構造與功能--像科學家一般的閱讀〉分享如何教導國小學生透過閱讀三本繪本和以線畫方式創作漁船，關注漁船的結構與功能。〈音樂摩天輪STEAM創意課程〉分享透過團隊開發的STEAM動手做教具，以音樂摩天輪為主題，能建構學生多面向概念達到多元學習目標的教學策略。〈冬去春來高溫依舊〉針對今(2020)年上半年西伯利亞高溫更勝以往的現象，介紹相關數據和提出歸因分析。〈森棚教官數學題--信號發射臺〉拋出如何在兩個發射台之間, 等距增設三個發射台的問題。 「科普活動報導」單元刊登三篇文章，〈盲符TipFeel創作過程分享〉分享為視障者創作盲符TipFeel的過程和展望。〈大手拉小手 親子共學趣〉分享科教館於2019年度透過「女性科技人才」培育計畫之推動，增加設計多元的假日親子課程，增加孩子的學習機會、學習廣度以及營造良好的親子互動的經驗。〈全國高中探究實作競賽的三部曲〉則介紹物理教育學會所規劃含括「初試－素養命題筆試、複試－物理探究實作、決賽－物理辯論競賽」等三階段的「全國高中物理探究實作競賽」。 總召編輯委員 - 李隆盛 關於本刊 出版單位：國立臺灣科學教育館 發行人：劉火欽 總召集人：李隆盛 編輯委員： 物理科吳仲卿/陳耀榮/李柏翰/盧玉玲 | 化學科古建國/許良榮/王伯昌/林如章/周金城 | 生物科王美芬/蕭世輝/陳建志/郭淑妙 | 地球科學許民陽/王郁軒/李文禮/謝隆欽 科技科張玉山/汪殿杰/林育沖/趙珩宇 | 數學科李源順/鄧家駿/溫世展/張宮明 | 跨領域學科李名揚/連信仲 | 特約專欄 游森棚/黃琴扉/陳正改/劉淑雯 策劃：曾聰邦 主編：吳中益 本月專題特約主編：古建國 編輯：陳敬予 網頁設計編輯：施曉恬 投稿規範請來信詢問：article@mail.ntsec.gov.tw

NO.57-10 2018 Dec | 科學研習期刊目錄 本期專題 得獎教案：這樣教我就懂 「To do, To understand 」的探究與實作 | 邱美虹老師 淨化空氣品質之探究與實作 | 吳和桔老師 甜秘密糖漬中的科學 | 馬瑪宣老師 生態瓶的獨白 | 林辰駿老師 燃燒你的小宇宙 | 紀則賢老師 生物體內的化學反應—沈浮的葉子小艇 | 吳沛穎老師 森棚教官的數學題 互不整除 | 游森棚 科學讀書會 泡麵為什麼總是彎的—136個廚房裡的科學謎題 | 白榮銓 科學話題 從茶葉生產到飲茶的科學 | 陳冠霖 總召集人的話 有人說：話是講給別人聽的，要人家聽得懂才有用。教學也是一樣，要用學生能懂的方式，去教導他們不懂的東西。但是，該怎麼教，學生才容易懂？本期特別以「得獎教案：這樣教我就懂」為專題，請當時擔任教案評審之一的臺灣師大科學教育研究所邱美虹教授擔任特約主編。 專題文章含專題導言和五篇改寫自獲獎教案的文章。「專題導言」〈「To do, To understand 」的探究與實作〉指出12年國教自然科學領域課程的核心價值之一在強化探究與實作的能力，並簡介著重透過探究活動教學的五篇專題文章。教室內空氣品質不良時，會影響師生健康和教與學的效能，〈淨化空氣品質之探究與實作〉一文以此課題進行統整跨域知識(STEAMS--科學、科技/技術、工程、美學、數學、社會/人文/生態/環境)的問題解決教學，培養學生「科學探究」與「科技實作」能力。為了讓學生有可帶回家做、好玩有趣、又可融入日常生活的科學實驗，〈甜秘密--糖漬中的科學〉一文利用大家不要的剩食做成糖漬小零食，並整合糖漬中的生物和理化知能，以探究式學習策略，由學生自行設計實驗方法，將科學融入生活實踐。和環境息息相關的生態系知識既繁雜又抽象，〈生態瓶的獨白〉一文以生態瓶做為教具，讓每名學生都在經濟上可負擔範圍內，親自體驗從做中學生態系的樂趣。許多學生學過太陽系，但難以深入瞭解，〈燃燒你的小宇宙─真人太陽系之教案實作〉一文中為了讓學生印象深刻，設計讓學生走出教室，用身體去模擬太陽系的組成和運動，寓教於樂。學生面對光合與呼吸作用時常以片段的方式記憶，忽略了這些化學反應在細胞中扮演的角色與關係，〈生物體內的化學反應-沈浮的葉子小艇〉一文透過具體操作引導學生整合科學概念，將零散的陳述記憶轉化成知識架構，從寫作中洞見學生看待世界的視野，從回饋中發掘教學的價值。 茶是是臺灣重要的高經濟作物之一，「科學話題」單元刊登〈從茶葉生產到飲茶的科學〉一文，介紹茶葉生產的九大步驟，並提出和解答常聽到的三個喝茶問題。 「森棚教官的數學題」刊登〈互不整除〉一文，拋出中選一些數讓任何一個都不是其他任何一個之倍數的問題，供讀者自主探索或發想科展題目。 現代人不只喜愛享用美食，也想了解鍋具、食物與烹飪方面的物理和化學性質與變化。本期「科學讀書會」導讀《泡麵為什麼總是彎的？：136個廚房裡的科學謎題》一書，該書回答餐廳大廚和作者專欄裡讀者詢問的一百多個問題。不需具備深奧的科學概念就能讀懂這些問與答。 總召編輯委員 - 李隆盛 關於本刊 出版單位：國立臺灣科學教育館 發行人：陳雪玉 總召集人：李隆盛 編輯委員： 古建國/全中平/李文獻/李旺龍/李源順/李進寶/林沛練/林坤誼/許良榮/蔣中柱/胡秀芳/陳正改/陳竹亭/陳玫良/楊水平/游森棚/謝隆欽/張子超 策劃：曾聰邦 主編：錢康偉 本月專題特約主編：邱美虹 編輯：吳郡怡 網頁設計編輯：施曉恬/陳璽君 投稿規範請來信詢問：article@mail.ntsec.gov.tw

This research is mainly in observation with Caenorhabditis elegans ’s genetic mutation caused via nervous system abnormal character. In the study, I the sample have been cultivated purified and add some chemical material EMS to speed up C.elegans mutation. Then based on the character to further analysis what causeof gene deal with mutation and observe the effects in heredity. The research has two stages, on the first stage of study the mainly target is to both search and purify the mutation of C.elegans. The second stage is based on the exploration of mutation’s searching andpurifying. Because the certain mutation bodies aren’t easy to find out, the project is still on progress at the beginning of second stage, and we conclude some heredity special cases in preliminary of study. 這個實驗主要是觀察並針對線蟲因為基因的突變所產生的神經系統異常的變異性狀，在實驗中我先將樣品線蟲培養並純化至一定數量，並加入適當藥劑EMS造成其突變，經篩選並分析此性狀，進而找出造成其突變之基因，以及觀察此性狀對遺傳表現所造成的影響。 該計畫分成兩階段，第一階段的實驗重點是在突變株的搜尋以及純化上，第二階段則是在突變基因的探討上，由於特定突變株的搜尋並非容易，所以目前計畫只進展至第二階段的遺傳實驗初期，對於其遺傳特徵與突變形式上已有了初步的分析，但尚未定位出該基因的位置。

溶液和溶劑置於同一容器中，當溶質向上擴散時，會形成濃度梯度及\r 折射率梯度dn/dy，且dn/dy 對高度y 的關係圖會呈現隨著高度改變的現\r 象。\r 半徑r 的Ｄ形容器，下方置溶液，上方置溶劑，以雷射光照射容器的\r 平面部份時，雷射光沿著法線出射，受折射率梯度的作用而向下偏Ζ距\r 離，a 為容器至屏的距離，得到dn/dy=Z/ar 的關係式；改變雷射光的高\r 度y 可得dn/dy 圖。\r 以硫代硫酸那作實驗，其dn/dy-y 圖為以原始界面為對稱軸，因其擴\r 散係數不隨濃度改變；甘游水溶液的dn/dy-y 圖呈現不對稱，圖形的極\r 大值往甘油方偏，主要係因為甘油的擴散係數隨濃度的增大而減少。\r 我們成功第把不同時間對同一溶液的實驗結果予以模型化，得到的\r dn/dy-y 曲線隨時間改變，並發現該曲線所涵蓋的面積為定值。\r \r The mixing in a vertical column between a pure liquid and a solution produced a concentration gradient, which in turn produced the refractive index gradient. As the solute particles diffused upward into the pure liquid, the gradient was generated by the varying solute concentration. The plot of the refractive index gradient versus vertical position y (dn/dy vs y) is found to be varied with time. A D-shape container of radius r is partly filled with denser solution, and partly filled with solvent which is on the top of solution. When laser beam enters perpendicularly to the flat surface of the container, the outgoing beam strikes the container at normal incidence, and deflected down a vertical distance Z by the refractive index gradient. We can get dn/dy=Z/ar, where a is the distance between the container and the screen,. By changing the vertical position (y) of laser beam, we can get the plot of dn/dy vs y. For a sodium thiosulfate-water solution, the trace of dn/dy vs y is symmetric with respect to the position of original boundary. Since the diffusion coefficient of sodium thiosulfate is independent of concentration. For the trace of dn/dy vs y of a glycerol-water solution, it will no longer be symmetric. A skewed curve which reaches its maximum position is displaced to the glycerol side, because the diffusion coefficient of glycerol is decreased with concentration. We have successfully modeled the time-dependent experimental gradient curves on the same solution. The trace of dn/dy vs. y at different time is found to keep the area constant.

導電高分子在各面之應用非常廣泛，其中聚苯胺因價格便宜，製作簡便，使\r 其應用潛力更為突出。聚苯胺在鐵系及非鐵系金屬之防蝕能力已被證實，但由於\r 聚苯胺與金屬之附著力不良使其應用受到限制。奈米粒子所具有的表面效應、小\r 尺寸效應及宏觀量子隧道效應，使得奈米微粒材料之應用蓬勃發展。但在高分子\r 奈米微粒之製備仍屬有限。本文以微乳液法製備聚苯胺奈米粒子，以提高聚苯胺\r 與金屬間之附著力，使其防蝕能力充分發揮。國外雖已有廠家製作聚苯胺防蝕塗\r 料，但屬於商業機密無從得知其製備方法。本文所研發的微乳液法則是國內首\r 創！\r The development and application of the conducting polymer polyaniline is\r getting prosperous and popular. The capability of polyaniline in corrosion protection\r has been proved. But due to the adhesion of polyaniline on the metal is poor, the\r applications are restricted. By the way, the nanoparticles have the special effects such\r as the surface effect, the small size effect and the macro-quantum channeling effect\r make its applications are prosperous.\r In this paper, the authors utilized the microemulsion method to produce the\r polyaniline, to modify the adhesion of polyaniline on the metal in order to improve\r the effect of the corrosion protection of polyaniline in ferrous metal. The experimental\r results show that the nano-polyaniline has good adhesion on metal. The metal coated\r a layer of nano-polyaniline has the great ability of anticorrosion under different\r corrosion situations after weeks. The nano-polyaniline produced by the\r microemulsion method add the recipes invented by the authors has great potential to\r use in scale-up production in industry.