保麗龍自問世以來，由於質料輕便，售價低廉，應用日漸擴大，學校每都用來佈置教室，製作壁報友工藝造形等。市面上現有的”電熱式鋸座” 係以電熱原理來熔切保麗龍，使用者必需把握瞬間時機，才能使保麗龍免於被不必要的熔蝕。又由於保麗龍質軟而易碎，很難用硬筆在保麗龍板上描繪，使切割前的描繪工作成為費時費事的困擾工作，如擬裱以圖樣，因紙與保麗龍的熔點不一，紙尚未切開保麗龍已被過度熔蝕，使切割面參差不齊，很不美觀；特別是電熱式鋸座，僅適合做外緣的切割，對於中心部位的切割卻有無能為力之嘆，因想覓有鋸座的應用尚有諸多限制。設若能以其他器具，將保麗龍隨心所歡的加以切割，相信將可擴大保麗龍的應用層面。

1. Purpose of the research :\r One of the greatest challenges for 21st century society is to meet the growing energy demand for transportation, heating and industrial processes. U.S. and Brazil are currently converting corn starch and sugarcane juice into ethanol; however, these are edible products. To stop global warming and poverty, we tried to determine to develop new pretreatment method to produce biofuel using non-edible parts of agricultural products.\r 2. Procedures :\r For our research purpose, we conducted ‘Preparation of Rice straw - Powder’, ‘Pretreatment Method of Rice Straw and Statistical Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology’, ‘Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Saccharification of Pre-treated Rice Straw’, ‘Analyses of Pretreatment Efficiency and Production of Glucose and Xylose Using HPLC & TLC’, ‘Ethanol Fermentation and Recovery’, ‘Strain Improvement for Pichia’.\r 3. Data :\r For the first time, rice straw was pretreated in a novel manner using hypochlorite-hydrogen peroxide (Ox-B) solution. The optimum pretreatment condition was analyzed by response surface methodology and the pretreated rice straw was hydrolyzed using two kinds of enzymes. Following hydrolysis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stipitis were inoculated for ethanol production. The optimum condition was 60 min pretreatment using Ox-B solution containing 0.6% hypochlorite and 25% hydrogen peroxide for 1 g rice straw in 240 ml total reaction volume. The Ox-B solution treatment was an essential step for efficient hemicelluloase hydrolysis. Under these conditions, 406.8 mg glucose and 224.0 mg xylose were obtained from 1 g rice straw. The structural change of rice straw after pretreatment and enzyme hydrolysis was examined by scanning electron microscopy. With the 10% initial sugar concentration, the final ethanol concentration was about 3.46%, which is 90.5 % of stoichiometric and fermentation efficiency yield.\r 4. Conclusions :\r Rice straw was pretreated in a novel mean by using an Ox-B solution broadly used in potable water treatment. Pretreatment modified the structures of lignocelluloses. The Ox-B solution treatment was an essential step for efficient hemicelluloase hydrolysis. Pretreatment modified the structures of cell wall. Further optimization studies of the fermentation process and strain improvement research (for derepressed mutant) are in progress. In the future, I hope to see cultivators to move by the ethanol produced from rice straw and agricultural wastes.

我們因為幫學校去除玻璃的海報，展開了一場黏膠、去膠探索之旅，想利用生活中常見材料快速、方便地製作天然環保黏膠，並在不磨損牆面原則下，快速去除殘膠。研究發現：一、 除了澱粉類之外，應用植物類及蛋白質類黏性，也可製作天然環保黏膠。二、 天然黏膠可取代市售樹脂，在主要牆面材質上黏紙，黏性甚至超越市售樹脂。三、 天然黏膠都可在數分鐘內製成；在主要牆面材質上黏紙，黏性能長期(30天)持續。四、 利用生活中常見材料，可有效去除天然黏膠使用後的殘膠，市售樹脂則不易去除。五、 我們成功將去膠實驗量化，並以此量化標準確實能比較各去膠方式的優劣程度。六、 我們彙整黏度實驗及去除殘膠實驗的結果，整合成生活應用速查表。

斑馬的黑白條紋被認為可能會降低溫度，由實驗發現，黑白條紋組的上升速度較黑組與白組慢，白組又比黑組慢，接著測量表面溫度，黑白條紋組外部的白條上升速度比黑條快，內部黑條比白條上升速度快。溫度上升時，大瓶升溫的速度較小瓶快；下降時，大瓶與小瓶的降溫速度無顯著差異。改變黑白條紋的方向、粗細，不會影響上升與下降的溫度變化。另外將白條紋換成銀色，升溫時，銀組速度最慢，銀黑組次之，黑白組最快，降溫時亦相同。最後，觀察煙的對流實驗發現黑白條紋組表面空氣具有對流的存在，並推測造成黑白條紋組升溫較緩慢有四種對流可能性。

我們在九十一年十一月開始準備做科學實驗，利用 學校的筆記型電腦和麥克風開始做聲音錄音測試實驗，使用的軟體是在家庭錄音室網站（網址：http://club.ntu.edu.tw/~NTUMCS/studio.htm）下載的 Gold Wave 軟體，發覺這是一個可以試試看的聲音實驗。於是我們在 九十一年十一月測試，十二月初開始做實驗，並於九十二年四月底完成實驗，整個實驗歷時約半年，做實驗時間是利用禮拜六的早上。利用九十一年五月，這一個月整理數據，寫研究報告。第一個實驗是利用一支高感度麥克風（離原點 90~40 為公尺），和一支小麥克風（置於原點）來接收同一槍聲，我們利用兩支麥克風的距離除於電腦錄音程式上兩支麥克風槍聲的時間間隔，即為聲速。接下來，我們做短距離聲音的隔音實驗，將警報器置於紙箱同一位置並固定，紙箱包覆不同的材質，改變包覆材質的層數，並改變紙箱距小麥克風距離（小麥克風處為原點，接上電腦），比較隔音效果，並探討不同箱子大小，是否影響聲音振幅。第三個實驗是利用較長距離的收音（約 40 公尺），利用一把雨傘，將大麥克風綁在雨傘的中央收音，改變雨傘張開角度，看是否影響聲音振幅大小，另外我們也做了一個類似雨傘模型，貼上珍珠板，測試是否影響聲音振幅大小。

與無患子樹的第一次親密接觸是在班親會舉辦的一個活動－「彰化縣老樹巡禮」，在它不起眼的外表下卻有著豐富的內涵，令我們深深著迷。解說員說：「在早期沒有洗髮精、沐浴乳的年代，無患子樹的果實是老祖母、老爺爺他們最佳的依賴，從洗臉、洗頭到洗衣服處處皆可見其蹤跡。」對於這樣一顆小小的果實卻具有如此強大的用途，我們深感興趣，但也不禁好奇地想比較它跟現今的洗潔用品究竟有何差異？在將近一年的時間裡，我們多方地查閱資料，並透過實驗來驗證我們的想法。我們發現萃取方法的不同、浸泡時間的長短、不同階段的果實，以及放置時間的長短都會影響無患子的洗潔能力。此外，以無患子清洗衣物，久了白色衣物會被染黃，且布料結構會受損。雖然無患子的洗潔能力不如市售的洗潔用品，但是值得一提的是無患子比較環保，對動、植物的傷害遠低於我們常用的洗潔劑，值得我們加以利用、推廣。

2001、2002 年監測資料被用以探討風場、時間、地形對臭氧傳輸影響。完成沿海地區與盆地內各二次採樣分析，探討各污染物與風場之垂直變化，及地面臭氧分布與風場變化。結果顯示各月份與全年之日間，其相對濕度與O3 相關度最高，日照次之。提高濕度，最能抑制[O3]。夜間NO 與O3 的相關度最高，濕度次之。臭氧事件日時：(1).11:00 即可產生高臭氧，(2).沿海地區在臭氧事件日仍保持低[O3]， (3).盆地效應改變風場，使近山地區[O3]居高不下，(4).因處O3 不斷被吹入，沿海地區傍晚時之[O3]下降速度減緩。臭氧事件日之O3 生成速率R 與消失速率常數L 被求出，其中14:00 後之R 與L 值均由正值轉負值，顯示大氣反應型式明顯轉變。R 與L 值在14:00∼15:00 間最小，係因O3 反應生成光化學煙霧所致。16:00 後另一低R 與L 值，則可能導因O3 與微粒或水份反應。分析結果顯示：(1).污染物會隨高程而略增，最高濃度在300∼500 m 處，(2).各高程大氣均可分析出73 種主要HC，其隨高度之分布被繪出與探討，(3).低層大氣會有較多低分子量HC，而高層大氣則有較多高分子量HC。結果亦顯示： (1).盆地內[O3]、[NO]與[NO2]不僅較沿海地區高，且於各高程之變動亦較大，(2).沿海地區THC、烷、烯類均較高，且隨高程增加而增高，但在盆地內則相反，(3).二地區各高程之鹵化物、芳香族、氧化物與其他有機物之平均濃度相近，但沿海地區之濃度變動較大。探討O3 之二傳輸現象獲知：(1).風吹向盆地內時，[O3]隨風向遞增，R 與L 會由12:00 之正值，轉為14:00 之負值；(2).風由盆地內外吹時，[O3] 隨風向遞減，R 與L 值提前於12:00 即為–202.561 與–1.621，但14:00 時R 與L 值增大為–76.411 與0.244， (3).風向並非決定[O3]的主要因素，地形與環境因素才是。實驗結果證實：(1).不同HC 會影響O3 之生成與消失，(2).改變[NO]o 對[O3]影響不大，但高[NO]會使得[O3]下降略緩，(3).降低HC 與[NOx]雖可使 [O3]略降，但提高濕度最能抑制[O3]，(4).在O3 的衰減量上，[O3]隨濕度增加而快速降低，但衰減率則隨[O3]o 的增加而降低。一個臭氧之統計模式被建立，臭氧與水反應速率常數與速率式也被求出。 The monitoring data were used to investigate the effect of surface wind, time, and terrain on the transformation of ozone. The sampling and the analysis in the coastal and in Taichung basin were completed. The vertical distribution of O3, NOX and HC and the different altitude wind were investigated. The contour of O3 and surface wind with 3D map were plotted. The results show that the correlation behaves relativity of relative humidity with ozone is the best, and solar radiation is the next. Enhancing environmental moisture can efficiently decrease ozone concentration. In each ozone event day are: (1) the high [O3] always starts from 11:00, (2) the ozone concentration on the coastal is always low due to the high humidity, (3) the high [O3] in the east of the basin is due to the basin effect which causes changes the surface wind, and (4) in the evening, the descend rate of [O3] in the coastal area is lower because ozone blows into the coastal area. The formation rate (R) and disappear rate constant (L) of the ozone event day were obtained. The values of R and L change from plus to minus before 14:00. The values of R and L are lower at 14:00∼15:00 due to the photochemical smog formation. And another lower R and L value before 16:00 may be due to ozone react with particle or water. The results of analysis indicate that: (1) the concentration increases with increasing altitude, and the maximum is at 300∼500 m height, (2) 73 kinds of hydrocarbons were identified, and the concentration variation with altitude was also investigated, and (3) most of low molecular weight HC are at lower altitude, otherwise high molecular weight HC are at higher altitude. The results also show that: (1) [O3], [NO], and [NO2] on the basin are not only lower than on the coastal, but also their variability of concentration are big, (2) THC, paraffins, and olefins on the coastal are higher than on the basin, and the concentrations increase with increasing altitude on the coastal, but on the basin is decreasing, (3) the average concentrations of halides, aromatics, oxides, and others are similar on both area, but concentration variability on the coastal is obvious. Two types of O3 transformation was investigated, the phenomenon indicts that: (1) when wind blew into the basin, [O3] increased with wind direction. The value of R and L change from positive (12:00) to negative (14:00); (2) when wind blew out of the basin, [O3] decreased with wind direction. The more small value of R (−202.561) and L (−1.621) appeared at 12:00 earlier. But the value of R and L will become bigger to –76.411 and 0.244; (3) ozone concentration does not just dependent on wind direction., topography and surrounding conditionsa are more important effect. The experimental results show that: (1) ozone formation or disappearance depends on different HC, (2) the effect 2 of [NO]o is small for ozone photochemical reaction, but [O3] decreases with increasing [NO], (3) the descend rate of O3 depends on high humidity more than different kinds of HC or [NO], and (4) the descend amount of ozone increases with increasing humidity strongly, and the descend rate of ozone decreases with enhancing [O3]o. A statistical model was developed. The reaction rate and rate constant of ozone reaction with water were also obtained.

在眾多不同類型的太陽電池中，染料敏化太陽能電池（DSSC）因兼具透光性、易層疊、可撓曲及製造成本低之優點，有其發展契機。關於製作DSSC的材料與方法，有許多值得探討的地方。由本研究得知，含花青素、深藍色系染料的電池有較好效率。以紫色高麗菜為染料的電池，在第二階段的研究中，均可逹到0.5V以上，在某些實驗條件下會有0.7V以上，再現性良好。燒結溫度控制在450～550℃，有較好的電池效率。浸泡染料的時間可隨實驗課時間的長短做調整，10分鐘～96小時均有不錯的電池效率。TiO2膠體的濃度，以2克的TiO2加稀醋酸6mL最佳。最後，能以硬碟、光碟等材料自製轉旋塗佈機，其所製成的DSSC，再現性好。在電池效益方面，可得到0.6V以上的電壓，及0.09安培以上的電流。

George Sicherman discovered that it is possible to take a couple of 6-sided dice re-labeling them with different positive integers (1,2,2,3,3,4) and (1,3,4,5,6,8) having the same probability distribution as rolling a standard pair of 6-sided dice. Such unique pair of dice is calling Sicherman dice. The secret behind the Sicherman dice can be studied by combining the powerful mathematical tool “Generating functions” with the symbolic manipulation software “Derive 6”, The same procedure may be applied to studying the possibility of the generalized Sicherman dice along the consideration of :\r (1) Adding more dice. (2) Changing the number of faces. To this end, we introduce the concept of the Sicherman Bound. For a given integer n, the number of n-sided Sicherman dice is finite. We computed manually such numbers for n?50 based on the method of “Elimination of negative terms”. Sicherman Dice 就是一對點數配置與正常骰子(6 面正立方體，點數為1到6)不同的骰子，它所拋擲出的每一種不同點數和(2,3,4...,12) 的機率恰好與一對正常的骰子相同。這種骰子是美國的Col. George Sicherman 所發現的。 Sicherman 更進一步指出：在不使用Sicherman Dice 的情形下，不可能找到一組大於或等於三顆的非正常骰子，它們拋擲出的每一種不同點數和的機率恰好與一組同數量的正常骰子相同。本研究的目標在於1. 尋求計算「Sicherman Dice 的組合和正常的骰子有相同的出現機率」的方法2. 證明Sicherman 結論的真偽及是否適用於其他正多面體(4 面/ 8 面/12 面/ 20面) 的標準骰子3. 修正Sicherman 的結論，並定義Sicherman 極限(Sicherman Limit)。在假設n面正多面體(n 為自然數， n ? 50 )存在的情形下，探討每一個正多面體的Sicherman 極限4. Sicherman Dice (Crazy Dice) 的延伸探討(1) 不同面數骰子的組合，是否可以找到面數組合相同，但點數配置不同的Crazy Dice( 如4 面與6 面的標準骰子組合，找到4 面與6 面的Crazy Dice)(2) 多個面數相同或不同骰子的組合，是否可以找到面數、個數及點數配置皆不同的Crazy Dice ( 如3 個4 面標準骰子組合， 找到2 個8 面的Crazy Dice)在研究的過程中，我發現以下的現象：(1) Sicherman Dice 的產生，是生成函數因式重新組合的結果(2) Sicherman Dice 是否存在，則視上述重新組合的結果是否有負項產生由於上述的觀察，我使用自行發展的「負項消去」法來檢驗Sicherman 結論的正確性及求得n 面正多面體其對應的Sicherman 極限。同時我也和Col. George Sicherman 取得聯繫， 討論當年他發現Sicherman Dice 的經過及其結論的限制條件，作為本研究未來發展的參考。