This research work is devoted to the stages of development and creation of a prototype of a laser 3D scanner model, programming of a controlling microcontroller, construction of 3D models of a scanned object. In the course of the work, the market of 3D scanners, which are used to build three-dimensional models of premises, was analyzed, the equipment necessary for the development and creation of the prototype was analyzed, as well as the software necessary for the operation of the prototype. The result of the work was the creation of a laser 3D scanner based on an Arduino microcontroller using a Lidar type sensor that scans and builds 3D models of objects. This working model of the 3D scanner demonstrates good capabilities and turned out to be easy to use.

To investigate the reproduction success and natural recruitment of several Cyprinidae fish and Claridae fish species in the Allemanskraal Dam. The purpose of the project included investigating whether each individual fish species studied has a successful 2020/2021 spawning season in comparison with each other. Sections of the seine net were measured along with a distance of 10 along the shoreline. The ends of the seine nets were attached to one foot and the top of the net was held by hand. Both volunteers moved in unison while covering the 10m. The volunteer in the “deep end” moved towards the shoreline creating a semi-circle while the other volunteer remained stationary. The two ends of the net were then pulled onto the shore and the fish were collected. The results found that the Labeo Umbratus and Cyprinus carpio had the most successful spawning seasons with the highest recorded numbers. These high numbers of the Labeo Umbratus can be due to the fact that the species lays a large number of eggs. The high numbers of the Cyprinus carpio is due to the lower numbers of the other fish species as previous studies have shown that the species negatively impacts the environment which could in turn negatively impact the other fish species. The Claridae gariepinus and Labeobarbus aeneusas were the lowest. The low numbers of the Labeobarbus aneusas may be due to their slow growth and late maturity rate. The Labeo capensis had an average number relative to the other species and this is due to the fact that during the sampling period the dam was at 100% capacity as this is essential for the survival of the juvenile fish. The hypothesis was accepted as the Labeo Umbratus, Cyprinus carpio and Labeo capensis all have a successful spawning season. However, due to the size of the Cyprinus carpio, they would be most suited for a small scale fishery.

電晶體在眾多電子產品中是一個不可或缺的元件，然而傳統的電晶體，因為其鋼硬的結構，儘管具有極高的效能，但難以實現在穿戴式電子設備上。相較之下，有機材料具有較高的機械順應性，提供實現穿戴式裝置的機會。因此在本篇科展研究中，透過物理混合的方式將彈性體與共軛高分子混合形成一個同時具有高度拉伸性且可導電的複合材料。此外，此彈性體具有高度黏著性，使得此複合材料具有自修復功能。僅需透過簡單的擠壓兩片薄膜，即可在室溫下達成自我修復。這使電子產品不會在經過長期使用後而降低效能。這對穿戴式電子元件來說是一個巨大的突破。因此希望可以透過此複合材料的概念，促進穿戴式裝置的發展，為仿生學建立一個里程碑。

本研究主要為進行安全帽改造，昔日我們常見關於汽車的盲區偵測、內輪差等先進技術皆建置於汽車上面，但實際在行車上造成災害發生的主角大部分為機車，我們閱讀相關文獻發現目前並無機車有相關技術，再者我們希望此技術可以讓騎乘機車、電動機車、電動腳踏車、腳踏車等對象皆可使用，因此我們於安全帽上裝設鏡頭及雷達感測器，透過鏡頭進行車輛物件識別，以識別車輛類型及輪距，進而以公式繪製內輪差曲線與進行盲區車輛偵測；透過雷達計算車側距離以判斷車輛是否會太靠近汽車或是落入汽車之內輪差範圍內，將以上偵測結果透過抬頭顯示方式直接投影在安全帽的面罩上，如此一來將可讓機車及腳踏車族在行車上更具安全性。

高基氏體為細胞內重要的胞器，可加工修飾蛋白質並運輸胞囊。我們利用螢光染色法觀察三種不同物種的細胞，高基氏體顯著地聚集在細胞一側。細胞分裂時如何平均分配高基氏體給子細胞？實驗利用基因重組轉殖螢光蛋白標記中心體、微管、內質網、粒線體，發現只有中心體與其延伸的微管會與高基氏體顯著地聚集在同一側，而破壞掉中心體延伸出的微管會使高基氏體無法聚集，由此可推測細胞利用中心體延伸的微管來聚集高基氏體。我們還發現細胞分裂時，高基氏體會先分散到細胞質各處，細胞分裂後再聚集到中心體周遭。在拍攝活細胞細胞分裂的實驗中，顯示中心體會藉由微管聚集高基氏體，以重新排列微管的方式來牽動平均分配高基氏體至兩側。本實驗確認高基氏體的位置與微管、中心體移動有高度相關。高基氏體移動並聚集一側有助於建立細胞極性，這與物質運送分泌、細胞爬行皆有關聯。

本次實驗以澎湖、日本、菲律賓的浮石進行實驗比較，結論如下： 一、比較三地浮石的物理性質 物理性質略有差異，且澎湖與菲律賓較相似；另外，利用偏光顯微鏡可知，三地浮石呈現的礦物光澤的顏色相似，顯示其成份類似，只是比例的差別。 二、比較三地浮石的化學性質 遇酸性水溶液時只有澎湖浮石產生氣泡，可能含有碳酸鈣；滴水後，三地浮石粉末皆會使水降溫。 三、探究澎湖北寮地區浮石層的分布與地質事件 北寮地區浮石層分布於摩西分海以東肉眼可見約159公尺；經粒徑分析推估，應為單次性火山噴發造成。 四、推測澎湖北寮地區浮石層形成的途徑 透過菲律賓火山的位置圖、洋流流向路徑圖的比對，認為菲律賓火山浮石確實很有機會沿著洋流漂來澎湖。

前人利用太陽在同一經度的南、北兩地點過中天時的仰角差與兩地距離，換算出地球的半徑。因測量儀器的精準度與日期、時間選擇的限制，測量方式有很大改良空間。本研究以測距輪、公路里程牌與Google© Map尺規工具，選擇同一經線上的南、北二測量點，量測出直線距離，再利用手機高精度陀螺儀，自製北極星仰角測量平台，搭載應用程式phyphox® APP，在測量點測量北極星的仰角，換算成地球半徑，量得最接近地球實際平均半徑的距離為6366.514507km，與實際值誤差約-0.0766%，準確度更勝前人研究，大幅縮短「利用天體仰角測量地球半徑」所需要的測量距離，且在任何一天，只要月相、天候允許，都可以進行測量。

長400公尺，寬59公尺的長賜號(Ever Given)在寬265公尺的蘇伊士運河航行，因偏離軌道而擱淺6天，和岸壁效應有關嗎？在【力與運動】中，學到物體受外力時，運動狀態可能會發生改變。我們透過船速變化來分析螺旋槳的推進力與水的阻力。本研究設計一艘可以遠程遙控並調節3段速度的水道船。且在靜止無風的水面上，利用智慧光閘(smart gate)內建的雷射開關檢測器測量船速，以獲得精確數據。研究發現鈍圓船艏，在水道深度與船的吃水線比值大於4；水道寬度與船的寬度比值大於2.5的情況下，船速不會受到影響。當船速增加，水的阻力也會跟著增加，船隻偏離軌道的情形越嚴重。建議進入狹窄水域的船隻減速航行，可以降低船的動量和慣性，更好操控，也能減少岸壁效應的發生。

The aim of this research was to investigate whether the ecology and biology of the Orange River mudfish Labeo capensis were suitable for the species to be used in fisheries. Three fleets of the gill nets were set, parallel to the shore. One fleet was lifted, and the fish were collected by hand. The two remaining fleets were lifted the next day. The seine net was pulled for 10 metres within the littoral zone. The net was then pulled towards the shore of the dam and the procedure was repeated four times. The four fyke nets were set parallel to the shore and were left for two nettings nights and then lifted. All fish caught were collected by hand and placed into buckets. The majority (82.93%) of the fish caught were within the 0-100 mm size class. The 101-200mm and 201-300mm size classes contain similar numbers of fish, while no fish were caught in the 301-400mm size class. The hypothesis was accepted. Allemanskraal Dam, as of the study period, has a very small juvenile fish population of L. capensis, as only 7 out of 41 fish individuals caught were within the 101- 300mm fork length size class. These results show that the population of L. capensis is not established as of yet, as the research did was right after their breeding season. Historical research has shown that sexually mature individuals of the L. capensis species tend to be a minimum of 300mm SL, 4-6 years after hatching. The population was largely young-of-the-year and may develop into an established population in 3-4 years (after sexual maturity). The L. capensis population in Allemanskraal Dam has the potential to be a fishery species if suitable conditions are maintained. Establishing this species’ potential will therefore allow economically viable fisheries to utilise them sustainably and to their full economic potential.

本研究從在方格棋盤中走捷徑的問題出發，推廣至由多個相異正多邊形所組成的半正鑲嵌圖形棋盤，其沿格線走捷徑的方法數與最短路徑。研究中，我們針對所有8種1律半正鑲嵌圖形進行分類探討，包括截半六邊形、截角六邊形、扭稜六邊形、小斜方截半六邊形、大斜方截半六邊形、扭稜正方形、異扭稜正方形、截角正方形圖形。我們將每種棋盤進行「轉正」，使它對應於唯一的矩形棋盤，達到「捷徑同構」，因而原本半正鑲嵌圖中的捷徑問題就等價於方格棋盤的捷徑問題。我們將走捷徑方法數的通解分類，發現有組合數類、以及階差與指數混合兩大類，並分析康威表示法與通解的關係。

全球暖化與氣候劇烈變遷是個迫在眉睫的問題，大氣中溫室氣體增加，主要是由於燃燒化石燃料排放二氧化碳所造成，若能把二氧化碳氣體加以利用，就能有效減緩地球溫度的上升。在本研究工作中，我們首先利用哈默法將石墨與強氧化劑生成氧化石墨烯(Graphene Oxide, GO)，然後以適當比例混合GO、聚二甲基矽氧烷(Polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS)與正己烷，成功地製備出多孔性石墨烯電極，並採用離子液體([EMIm]Cl)/碳酸丙烯酯(Propylene Carbonate, PC)作為電解質，搭配鎂金屬作為陽極，開發出低成本且實用性高的「鎂金屬∕CO2燃料電池」，此電池會將二氧化碳穩定的形成草酸鎂(Magnesium Oxalate Hydrate)封存起來，並產生1.6伏特的直流電壓，此一氣呵成的二氧化碳吸附、封存與產能發電，符合綠色環保與能量再生的永續循環理念，非常值得推廣及利用。

金屬-石墨烯材料在異相催化電極應用被蓬勃研究，製程避免石墨烯破裂或氧化也深具挑戰。高應用價值的金屬-石墨烯必要條件是具低電阻，文獻中銀奈米線和石墨烯兩者組合時，可獲得優化導電性能，並可代替昂貴易碎的銦錫-石墨烯。本研究從紙上薄層實驗，確認銅銀共接具優良催化還原能力，進而採用銅銀共接及化學氣相沉積技術發展出創新簡潔製程，成功製得奈米片狀銀-石墨烯異相材料。本研究製得的奈米片狀銀-石墨烯保有優良導電性及可調變性，而且大大增加石墨烯的抗氧化性。將銀-石墨烯異相結構做為電極以催化水電解產氫，產氫速率又高於銅銀雙金屬電極。除此之外，石墨烯也成為銅銀雙金屬的保護機制，使雙金屬不會因多次使用而被氧化，性能上更具經濟價值。片狀銀-石墨烯具透明度，將應用為可撓式透明導電膜，在穿戴式元件與綠能開發具高應用價值。 Abs