921地震震波對高11-15層大樓產生重大危害。本研究以模型模擬11層大樓建築物，頂樓設置水塔配合陽台天花板設置水撲滿的雙阻尼消能系統設計，探討不同震度震波在雙阻尼系統減震成效。模擬之設備利用3D列印機自製水撲滿、不同形式網狀隔間液體阻尼零件，自製地震模擬器以電流調整器控制怠速馬達，進行模擬不同震度下高樓產生擺動與震盪之狀態與特性。 實驗發現單一阻尼消能元件的減震阻尼效能較差，雙阻尼消能系統可提升39％至58％減震阻尼效能。其中雙阻尼消能系統若有網狀隔間，水波擾動震盪越明顯，阻尼效能提升 6％至14％。11層大樓於頂樓設置平行器壁網狀隔間正方形水塔，並配合在第9至11層樓處，設置隔間距離較短網狀隔間水撲滿，二者水位設定六分滿，此液體雙阻尼減震消能系統，可抑制模擬震度5至7級震波對大樓產生的順向波動共振與大樓結構體的自主扭轉共振。

In addition to adequate and balanced nutrition in the protection of human health, the reliability of consumed foods is also of great importance. When foods contact with the environment, they are undergoing many microbiological, physical and chemical changes such as moisture loss, aroma exchange, oxidation and contamination with microorganisms. So this changes reduce quality and shorten the shelf life. During cutting and processing of chicken meat, especially contamination on the surface causes deterioration of the meat starting from the surface and thus short shelf life. Though contamination of chicken meat surface is inevitable, growth of contaminant microorganisms can be inhibited and microorganisms can be killed. In recent years, increased risks of infection due to antibiotic-resistant microorganisms have forced the discovery of new and natural antibacterial materials. It is a new and advantageous approach to avoid environmental pollution caused by the use of food packaging and safety of food, prolongation of product shelf life by natural, edible, antibacterial biomolecules in packaging products. In the scope of the project, in order to produce an edible alginate gel containing the antimicrobial peptide nisin, which has an antibacterial property to prevent microbial growth on the surface of chicken meat, following steps was done;  Synthesis of calcium alginate and nisin immobilized calcium alginate beads  Optimization of immobilizing nisin in calcium alginate beads,  Characterization of nisin immobilized calcium alginate beads by ATR-FTIR Spectrum and SEM Analysis,  Determination of the antimicrobial activity of white meat product chicken which is coated by nisin immobilizing calcium alginate gel.

leidenfrost effect”是水滴能在熱表面產生蒸氣層並隨機跳動。我們便設想利用此特殊蒸氣層達到讓水滴往固定方向前進，甚至優化其加速結構。 我們設計 (角度θ=30°、45°、60°)×(高度h=1.0 mm、1.5 mm、2.0 mm)共9種具數學意義的微結構。測量微結構在(160°C -350°C)溫度下水滴的速度、生命週期，並獨創「珠光粉慢動作攝影」研究形變、熱流。 我們提出未有文獻紀錄的空腔體積、有效接觸面、水滴外部形變機制、內部熱流循環等機制。利用上述資訊建構運動模型，發現θ=60°、h=1.0 mm水滴有最快的速度。且發現高溫段(表面溫度≥300℃)，任何微結構，生命週期差距都極小。我們獨創性提出水滴在微結構下“leidenfrost effect”數學模型，理論值與數據吻合，成功解釋水滴的運動機制。

Markers have become essential in school and work life due to their great usefulness for teaching and homework. Despite the benefits they have brought, markers are the cause of great contamination from the ink manufacturing process to the excessive production of plastic. Ecological inks in markers and the innovative design of a refillable marker, allow to generate less pollution without having to stop using this product. From dyes created with coffee, fruits and vegetables that pass through different processes, natural inks arise that replace the use of polluting dyes. Likewise, implementing recycling plans in different institutions, markers that were no longer used were collected to be filled with ecological inks and used again. In addition, the excessive production of plastic is reduced by selling and refilling markers and ink kits.

Food sustainability is key to human survival. Robotic solutions have started playing large roles in automating farming tasks in order to assist with crop yield and the efficiency of production. Due to the unreliability of and lack of manual labour in many parts of the world, Agribots are playing bigger roles. One of the biggest advantages of Agribots is that they can operate 24/7, 365 days a year without payment. Agribots are being used more often in dairy farms to milk cows while others are used to shear sheep. Agribots are fast becoming very important to farmers by gathering valuable data; milking cows; automating animal feed; measuring the right amount of pest control, detecting weeds and pests, harvesting and ploughing with unmanned tractors. In many parts of the world farm labour is scarce and difficult to come by. In 南非 for example farm labourers endure gruesome attacks. These attacks on farmers result in the closure of the farm for an extended period of time resulting in the loss of large quantities of crops. Food sustainability is dire in Africa and many parts of the world. “Each day, 25,000 people, including more than 10,000 children, die from hunger and related causes. Some 854 million people worldwide are estimated to be undernourished, and high food prices may drive another 100 million into poverty and hunger. . 90 percent of the world’s farms produce over 80 percent of the world’s food. They also manage about 75 percent of farmland worldwide. Yet, paradoxically, these farmers are often poor and food insecure themselves. Due to the increase in the world’s population annually, there is a growing demand for food. This has led to increasing pressure on farmers to produce crops. In order to meet this demand, farming innovations are vital for the future of food and agriculture. Constant innovations in agriculture is thus needed to constantly feed a growing and increasing population. Innovation in agriculture is also critical to help farmers use resources in better and more efficient ways. “Innovation is one of our best tools for creating a #ZeroHunger world.

My thesis focuses on studying Cretaceous microfossil specimens from the excavation of former brickworks in Štíty, especially foraminifera. In the theoretical part, I have covered the structure of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin area, especially Bystřice Lithofacial Development. I have also processed previous paleontological researches from the locality. Emphasis was placed on field research and subsequently on laboratory research of the site. I have examined the present state of the location and gathered samples of silt clay containing a wide variety of fossils. I have acquired the microfossils, determined them, and ordered them systematically. The most important part of the thesis is the systematic and palaeoecological processing of the collection of microfossils from the locality. The thesis continues the research of the last year of SOČ, where I have gathered a collection of fossil macrofauna, flora, and ichnofauna. My collection is supplemented mainly by benthic and planktonic foraminifers. I have confirmed that the specimens found are typical representatives of marine fauna belonging to the Upper Cretaceous Coniacian. The paleoecological characteristics of the locality correspond to a nutrient-rich shallow-water environment, occasionally disturbed by storm waves.

Research work on creating a lens, the optical power can be changed depending on human needs. Most people have visual impairments that need to be corrected with surgery or optical devices (glasses and contact lenses). The optical characteristics of the human eye vary depending on age, health, intensity of visual load. We propose to give people the opportunity to smoothly adjust the optical power of the spectacle lens by changing the transparent tubes between the two windows of transparent films. Experimental studies have shown the possibility of adjusting the optical power of the proposed line in a wide range. Existing devices and materials for changing the optical power of the line are analyzed. The design of a lens with variable optical characteristics is proposed, which is created from two window films, the space between which is filled with liquid. Publicly available materials for the outer shell of the lens and liquid for its filling. The effect of the amount of liquid to be filled on the optical power of the lens was experimentally determined. The formula for experimental finding of focal length of a lens is entered. Novelty is impossible because you can use the lens in another field. For example, in the future it is planned to perform an experiment with a lens system to create, for example, a telescope.

The ability of microfluidic (MF) device technologies to provide a lot of information with a small amount of sample, the opportunities it offers increases their use in the medical field in the bedside monitoring in drug delivery systems. Three-dimensional (3D) printer technologies provide advantages such as cost-effectiveness in the production of MF devices and quick and easy production in intricate designs. In our project, it is aimed to design microfluidic pumps (MFP) to be used in the medical field and conduct its production with 3D printer technologies. The developed MFP is intended to be at low cost, bio-compatible, adaptable, and portable to the drug, suitable flow properties as a pharmaceutical pump. First of all, MFP air channel, flow channel, etc. parts were designed and printed with the help of a 3D printer and on AutoCAD, one of the professional drawing programs. The poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) membrane that will enable MFP activation is produced in different thicknesses and glued to the air channel of MFP. The resistance to the applied pressure is observed, and the appropriate membrane thickness is determined as ~ 235µm. Liquid PDMS was applied to the inner surfaces of MFP's air and flow channel, PDMS membrane was placed between them, and the parts were assembled in the oven at 60ºC. MFP has been connected to the pneumatic valve system, where operation codes have been prepared with Arduino Uno, and flow properties have been examined. The flow rate of MFP is ~ 50 µL/min at a maximum of 15 Hz, and the backpressure is ~ 0.085 Pa under a maximum pressure of 3 bar. Also, values such as size, membrane thickness, and applied pressure for the possible models of MFP were supported by theoretical calculations. As a result, MFP, which is biocompatible, drug adaptable, portable, wearable technology application potential, and has suitable flow characteristics as a pharmaceutical pump, has been developed. MFP introduced a microfluidic pump system that can make life easier for the patient and contribute to the national economy through domestic production and can be used as a drug pump in the treatment of diseases such as diabetes and cancer.

Observation: Over stress is a one of the major hindrance in realizing true potential. I observe source and effect stress in teens in my nearby society. Observations are as follows: • Parental pressure for excellence in study • commercial purpose • Inferiority complex • Scolding and intimidating children in public Objective: To study mental Stress in adolescence and to find a solution to the cause of mental Stress. • Mental stress should be reduced in adolescence. • In adolescence, parents should convince the children that it is right and wrong because of the pressure put on the children. Experiment: We conducted a survey to find mental stress in children, which was done by a quiz. We conducted this survey between parents. Samples of some quiz :- For Parents: - • Do you scold your child. • Do you think your child is under stress. For Children’s:- • How much do you study in one day. • How do your parents treat you. We go through the experiment: - We surveyed how a child reacts when he is under mental stress. • His brain becomes weaker than a healthy child. • He slowly feels weak around himself. • Parents should keep an eye on children in adolescence. We found many such reasons during the survey. Conclusions: After completing this project we have concluded that the biggest root cause of stress in adolescence is that the mother is unable to give time to the children and there is pressure on them to study, due to this, between parents and children Distance is increasing due to which stress is also increasing.

"When the Well is Dry, we will know the Worth of Water." Most of 埃及 and the world suffers from water and petrol shortage. With the current consumption rate, two-thirds of the world's population may face water shortages by 2025. These are water pollution, overpopulation, and agriculture, leading to wastewater from landfills and pipes that seep into the ground and may pollute the water, making it unfit for human consumption and waste more water. Besides, some accidents happen to water distribution and irrigation systems, causing a significant loss in water. According to the ministry of water resources, in 2016, the need for freshwater is 67 billion cubic meters. On the other hand, 埃及 receives only 55 billion cubic meters (2.6 billion cubic meters of them evaporate during runoff). Also, one of the wasting water methods in modern irrigation systems is water leakage from pipes as the water transmission and distribution lose about 31% of the produced water due to pipe leakage. Besides, every day more than 3.3 billion liters of treated water – 20 percent of the nation's supply and 234 million liters a day more than a decade ago – are lost through leaking pipes in England and Wales. Many reasons lead to leakage in pipes like water pressure, clogs, and corrosion. The leakage in pipes does not exist in the lines of water only. Also, the pipes in a petrol can cause dangerous accidents like the accident in the Bahira government that led to the death of 6 people and made 19 in a dangerous state. Our project designed a system that can detect fluid leakage and deal with it fast to prevent the wasting of fluid by using sensors and electronic circuits. Our system provides us with information about the fluid (like the amount of the flowing fluid and its speed). Therefore, if there is a difference in the reads, we understand that there is a leakage in this region, and the system will automatically stop the fluid flowing through the pipes. the system will locate all the leakage sites and send them to the mobile app with the amount wasted and the actions taken.

球體在旋轉平台上的運動分三階段：進動階段、螺線振盪階段、打滑階段。進動階段、螺線振盪階段為兩個運動模式的疊加：迴旋半徑漸增的螺旋線運動、向平台中心靠近的平移運動。當迴旋半徑漸增至滑動摩擦力的上限值，球進入打滑階段並向外甩出平台。 研究紀錄球體質心運動參數，並以接觸點準靜態理論計算及滑動-滾動摩擦模型進行數值分析，找出各種變因與運動參數間的關係。 結果發現滾動階段中鋼球作迴旋運動的頻率f球和平台旋轉頻率f盤和有正比關係，且比例值和球標準化轉動慣量δ正相關。由滾動階段過渡到滑動階段的最大迴旋半徑Rmax和f球2成反比、和δ呈負相關、和滑動摩擦係數μk成正比。滾動摩擦使球向平台中心靠近，也使迴旋半徑漸增。平台傾斜或呈錐狀時，球體的運動會向水平方向偏移。

The growth of the internet is propelling an ever-increasing need for faster communication. Modern telecommunication data is mainly carried through fibre-optic cables, with pulses of light representing bits of data; the main factor limiting data transfer speed is the rate at which the optical receiver at the opposite end of the cable can detect light pulses. Graphene-silicon Schottky photodiodes are a promising alternative to traditionally-used germanium photodiodes, promising higher detection frequency and better contrast between light and dark. To make it less susceptible to erroneous measurements due to graphene having a low band gap, hydrogen functionalisation was used to increase the barrier potential of the Schottky diode so that a higher voltage would be required to allow current to pass through in forward voltage bias and trigger the sensor. This study seeks to determine the optimal conditions — of physical proximity, duration of exposure, and plasma power — for hydrogen functionalisation using radio frequency plasma. Graphene was synthesised using low pressure chemical vapour deposition, then transferred onto P-type silicon to create a photodiode. The graphene-silicon photodiode was then doped with hydrogen plasma to introduce defects in the graphene layer to increase the barrier potential of the photodiode. To assess the effectiveness of hydrogen functionalisation, photocurrent measurements were conducted while light was shone onto the photodiode in pulses of increasing frequency to find the magnitude and spontaneity of the response. Light was shone in pulses of 100ms, and was successfully detected by the photodiode. The pulse spacings were gradually decreased and it was found that the diode was able to detect pulse spacings as low as 1µs, significantly better than germanium photodetectors. The sample demonstrated clear optoelectronic response and was sensitive to changes in frequency. Results show that the intensity of the optoelectronic response in graphene-silicon diodes is inversely related to its physical proximity to the plasma source during hydrogen functionalization; and directly related to the power of the plasma and to the duration of exposure up to a point, after which it will deteriorate. Thus, it can be concluded that graphene-silicon Schottky diodes offer much promise in electronic communication.