The synthesis of RNA using DNA (transcription) can be regulated by special proteins - transcription factors (TF) by binding to specific DNA regions - binding sites (BSTF). The purpose of the project is building a phylogenetic tree of orthologous groups of the each studying TF subfamilies, compare it with the tree of the corresponding BSTF motifs belonging to one orthologous group, find some common parts.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death today[1], accounting for nearly 1 in 6 deaths worldwide. Despite this, diagnosis and treatment models for cancer are limited and as such, new methods to identify and treat susceptible patients are required urgently. HLAF- adjacent transcript 10 (FAT10) is an oncogene that is strongly implicated in the development of inflammation-associated cancers[2]. Previous research on this highly polymorphic gene has identified 2 haplotypes – the reference haplotype, which is found in both cancer patients and healthy individuals, as well as an additional haplotype that is occurs at higher frequency in cancer patients and is associated with higher odds of cancer. In this study, it was hypothesised that the cancer-associated FAT10 haplotype can better promote tumorigenicity and could thereby serve as a useful biomarker for cancer. Here, we functionally characterize the 2 FAT10 haplotypes to understand how they influence some of the hallmarks of cancer. The cancer-exclusive haplotype was observed to enhance hallmarks of cancer, namely uncontrolled cell growth, resisting cell death and anchorage-independent growth as compared to the reference haplotype. Moreover, we uncovered the differential gene expression patterns induced by each haplotype. Molecules involved in cell adhesion and proliferation, as well as transcription were upregulated by the cancer-associated haplotype and hence could have contributed to the increased tumourigenic potential of the cancer haplotype.

Nowadays Electric energy is the most useful in the world because we use it every day for lightening, work, entertainment ext … but electric energy also can be expensive and it will pollute the air plus we all know that the air pollution is getting worse. Our world consumes a huge amount of electric energy . Also we know that the homelessness is getting higher all around the globe and it reached a high percentage. The high price and the sudden cut of the electric energy and with it the air pollution makes a big problem. That’s why we created this project named TURN ON which is a friend of the environment and a friend of the humans. Our product will help us to produce and create strong, clean and renewable energy plus it will help the homeless to have free food and free transport tickets. After doing a lot of researches we found that our new method of producing energy gives a great electric energy and limit pollution. The kinetic energy is produced using rotations. That’s why we used the rotations of motorbikes, bicycles, cars wheels and turn that mechanical energy (wm) into electrical energy (we) that we can easily use in our daily life plus we can help homeless by giving them food widgets… in exchange with the electrical energy that they produced while using bicycles…After performing several tests and taking notes, we are able to conclude that our apparatus is indeed efficient as it is able to convert the rotation into electronic energy that we can store and use in emergencies to solve this big problem and in the same time to limit air pollution with using bicycles and reducing hunger regarding homeless. This machine should be easy to implement, cheap, does not depend on any other parameters such as the wind. Any rotation in any place can be a source of Electrical Energy. To facilitate the use of this new device, A START UP will be launched to rent electric bikes for “free”, distribute free food, snacks, tickets to homeless regarding to the energy production.

The cost of damage caused by hurricanes in 2017 is estimated to be over 200 billion dollars. Quick and accurate prediction of the path of a hurricane and its strength would be very valuable in alleviating these losses. Machine learning based prediction models, in contrast to models based on physics, have been developed successfully in many problem domains. A machine learning system infers the modeling function from a training dataset. This project developed machine learning based prediction models to forecast the path and strength of hurricanes in the North Atlantic basin. Feature analysis was performed on the HURDAT2 dataset, which contains paths and strengths of past hurricanes. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Generalized Linear Model (GLM) approaches such as Tikhonov regularization were investigated to develop nine hurricane prediction models. Prediction accuracy of these models was compared using a testing dataset, disjoint from the training dataset. The coefficient of determination and the mean squared error were used as performance metrics. Post-processing metrics, such as geodesic error in path prediction and the mean wind speed error, were also used to compare different models. TLS linear regression model performed the best of out the nine models for one and two time steps, while the ANNs made more accurate predictions for longer periods. All models predicted location and strength with greater than .95 coefficient of determination for up to two days. My models predicted hurricane path in under a second with accuracy comparable to that of current models.

人類以兩性交配為生育方法，其子代性別比的理論值為 ，本研究旨在探討當性別數n大於2時，由n性染色體組合出第k性子代染色體的方法數Gkn，再進而探討各性別所占的比例之理論值。研究方法為藉由討論性染色體組合的方式，找出和{Gkn}對應的生成函數。接著，再藉由比較{Gkn}的生成函數和第一型斯特林數(Stirling Number of the 1st kind，以下簡稱斯特林數){s(n+1,k)}的生成函數，嘗試使用斯特林數表示出的Gkn一般式。對組合數Gkn有基礎認識後，本研究同樣地再接著嘗試Gkn使用表示斯特林數。最後再將Gkn的研究結果應用至遺傳疾病色盲發病比例討論上，討論在不同性別數的生物中所呈現的關係。

本研究係用「數列命名的方法」作為骨幹，解決或簡化多方塊(polyominoes,也稱作 連方圖形)的相關問題。「數列命名的方法」 係指將多方塊的邊長連續寫成數列。為解決使用「數列命名的方法」遇到的問題，目前建立了一套系統、技巧，可將Polygon，旋轉、鏡射、合併等等，在此專門用以處理多方塊相關問題。 研究發現此方法可以解一些多方塊的問題，例如多方塊的種類、任意的多個相同的多方塊是否可以填滿(嵌滿)矩形(平面)。對於計算多方塊數量問題，可分為兩部分探討，一是多方塊的形的個數，二是單一多方塊的形其中含有多少多方塊，本研究主要探討此二部分的特性，並簡化運算結構和找出個數範圍。

I built a robot that is able to improve safety in mines. The robot takes a series of sensor readings, do 3D mapping to compare deteriorating physical conditions in time, detect CO and CH4 levels and record video footage. All of this information is then sent back to the user. The project aims to build a robot that could decrease the amount of casualties in mines due to gas or instability. A strict engineering process, which comprised researching different features on a robot, was followed. A prototype robot was built, tested and improvements made. Some of the challenges faced, while building the prototype robot, included manoeuvrability over any type of terrain, even rough and rocky terrain. Choosing the correct driving mechanism (wheels, tracks, suspension and steering) also proved to be a very important feature that had to be kept in mind. The sensors used included, a temperature, humidity, carbon monoxide gas, as well as a methane gas sensor. A Gyro, Accelerometer and compass for easier navigation were also used. Two cameras which included a front camera for navigation and 3D mapping as well as a back camera for navigation were installed. The robot was tested over various terrains, it was able to retrieve sensor data and all of the engineering goals were reached. After the robot was built it was tested on various terrains. The robot achieved all of the engineering goals. The sensors was able to give readings, the robot 3D mapped an area and was also able to manoeuvre over rough terrain.

哺乳類的內皮素(endothelin-1 ; EDN1)與其受體endothelin receptor B己知可共同參與腎臟排酸功能之調節，在魚類的表現上，亦有研究指出EDN1會影響到斑馬魚的排酸。本研究中以廣鹽性魚種稻田魚(Oryzias latipes)仔魚為實驗對象，經6小時以上時間酸處理後其體表排酸量皆顯著增強，且經6小時酸處理後，仔魚rhcg1及內皮素受體EDNRA2的基因表現量也顯著增加，並發現當弱化(knockdown)仔魚的endothelin-1基因後，其體表排酸量顯著下降，證實endothelin-1對仔魚排酸作用有直接的影響。而當仔魚endothelin-1的基因表現被抑制後，其離子細胞密度以及離子通道蛋白基因表現不受影響，推測內皮素並非以增加離子細胞的方式影響排酸，而是藉由轉譯後調控途徑，使其排酸功能增強。另外本研究中再將6小時及7天酸處理實驗結果比對後，推測當稻田魚仔魚面臨短期或長期酸環境刺激時，內皮素調節機制亦略有不同。

本研究為一迷宮遊戲和旋轉方塊所組合成的問題。在給定行列數的可旋轉方塊上，置入「路」和「橋」，指定起點，並透過方塊的旋轉改變路徑，探討所有可能到達的終點以及抵達各終點的最短路線數。 此研究中，首先透過問題簡化和圖形討論，發現旋轉方塊以迴圈和無法繞行的路線（構造S）交錯形成，得到所有可能的終點位置。接著，整理所有簡化圖形的規律，利用加法原理推算出最短路線數。透過找出圖形對稱特性，得到不同終點之最短路徑數的關係。而後將不同規格的旋轉方塊的最短路線數關係，以遞迴關係式表示，並且找出其生成函數，希望透過生成函數得到最短路徑數的一般式。研究時，我們不僅發現不同規格之最短路線數生成函數的關係，從而能探討每一規格的最短路線數。更進一步發現無論方塊行數取至極限時或方塊行列數相同時，其最短路徑數的數列與卡特蘭數列（the Catalan numbers）有關。

Antibacterial Properties of Mānuka Mānuka (Leptospermum scoparium) is a native 紐西蘭 plant that has long been used by indigenous Maori for its medicinal and therapeutic properties, yet is relatively unknown to science. Many of our native species may contain novel compounds with practical applications in our lives. Research indicates that mānuka has anti-microbial, anti-fungal, herbicidal, insecticidal and anti-bacterial properties, and suggests that compounds similar to Grandiflorone (ß-triketones) cause these effects. This project investigates the antibacterial properties of mānuka leaves, using the bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum for biological testing. With the recent rise in multidrug-resistant bacteria, it is now more vital than ever to utilize traditional knowledge to inform research and development of innovative new antibiotics, antimicrobials and similar biologically important compounds.

The lifestyle of the Arunachal Pradesh rural population demonstrates the example of sustainable living where bamboo plays a major role. Bamboo has its home in this tropical climate region of India. In order to understand various aspects of traditional bamboo constructions, a field visit was made to Rono, Emchi, Lekhi villages and Karsingsa, Pachin, NEEPCO areas. The paper studies the patterns affecting the housing styles of these regions, the traditional method of construction including bamboo treatments. Various parameters which are required to be considered for constructing a house are also studied. It has been found in the field survey that the utilization of bamboo is mostly in wall panels, columns, floor, door and windows. The question posed here is whether tradition houses perform better than a typical contemporary house in creating comfortable internal conditions. And if they do how it is possible for the contemporary house to benefit from the advantages presented in the design of the traditional house in terms of thermal performance. The results indicate that improved performance might be achieved by combining selected lessons from the traditional design e.g. improved shading, regional variations in window size related to orientation and adoption of adjustable ventilation and window openings.

上皮生長因子受體 (EGFR) 已被確認在人類上皮惡性腫瘤扮演重要角色，因此臨床上開發出許多針對EGFR之大腸癌、肺癌等的小分子標靶藥物，但治療期間所產生的抗藥性仍是一大瓶頸。 過去上皮細胞黏著分子(EpCAM)只被認為是胞間連接分子，現今則在癌幹細胞 (cancer stem cells，CSCs)等領域被研究。然而從文獻與先前實驗室的試驗，可以看見EpCAM促進癌症抗藥性的可能。 本研究發現在大腸癌中，艾瑞莎 (Gefitinib) 會透過轉錄因子FOXO3a促進細胞凋亡，而EpEX會經由抑制FOXO3a所促進的凋亡路徑，導致癌細胞產生Gefitinib抗藥性，且此抗藥性，也與EpICD下游之誘導性多能幹細胞相關基因 ( iPS-related genes )的表現有關，但其分子機制尚不清楚。 本研究以大腸癌與Gefitinib做為癌症與EGFR小分子藥物的模型，找出EpCAM可能造成的抗藥路徑，未來可應用在各類癌症之聯合治療 (Combination therapy) ，以克服癌症治療所產生的EGFR小分子藥物抗藥性。