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本實驗利用喇叭、鍍鉑黑電極、波型產生器、鎖相放大器、及sciworkshope750 介面卡組合一套系統,此系統可使偵測精密度大幅提升,使得花蓮港模型尺度變小(120×60×4cm),因此可節省實驗的成本與時間。本實驗希望藉由模型的建立,感測系統的整合,傅立葉分析,使研究者可在各種模型條件下,獲得水波傳遞的相關物理量。鑒於花蓮港喇叭狀港池經實驗後證明容易造成港內共振,且不同的入射波頻率不同,所造成的共振現象及共振位置相當複?。本實驗為縮小模型,但卻可測出的共振頻率、衰退時間及振幅且非常明顯(精密度達3.0×10-4cm/mV)。首要課題是要在港內消除反射的波,在模型實驗中,測量有無加消波線及加不同材質 的線時波衰退時間的長短,得到衰退時間牽線消波者比實驗組減少為0.2-0.6 之間;振幅減少為0.03-0.89 之間,且越鬆散、分支越多、孔隙越大的物質消波狀況越佳,所以毛線效果最佳,棉線次之而尼龍繩最差。 This study utilizes the loudspeaker, the platinum-plated electrode, Sweep Function Generators, DSP Lock-in Amplifier, and the sciworkshope750 interface to construct our system. The system will enhance the great precision of detection, which diminishes the Hualien Harbor model yardstick to 120*60*4(cm). Thus we can save the cost and time of the experiments. We combine the setting-up of the model, the integration of the sensors and the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) system so that the researchers can obtain the physics-related data when the water transmits ripples in various kinds of conditions. Seeing that the bell-shaped Hualien Harbor is apt to cause resonance in its basin, which is confirmed by our experiments later, our primary goal is to find a way to diminish the waves reflected in the harbor. With the diverse frequencies of incident waves, resultant resonance phenomena and positions are rather complicated. Our experiments are based on a miniature model, but the resonance frequency, the time of wave declining and the wave amplitude are easily measured, with the precision up to 3.0×10-4cm/mV. In another experiment, we add strings made of different materials that can subdue waves. Compared with the records without strings, the strings can reduce the time of wave declining by 0.2-0.6 and can reduce the amplitude by 0.03- 0.89. We have come to the conclusion that strings made of looser, more-branching and bigger-interstice material perform better in diminishing waves. Hence, the knitting wool has the best results, followed by the cotton threads and then the nylon ropes.
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Research the efficiency of the fog-catching nets
Islands far from lands use the underground or surface water as the water for living. The population of the islands is growing fast and the amount of water usage is increasing year after year. However, the amount of water usage is limited, so that people who live in islands have trouble using water. To compensate this problem, underground water is drawn from deeper underground sites. If this matter occurs continuously, sea-level may rise and then we cannot use underground water. Seawater desalination is a way to solve the water shortage, but it requires a lot of energy. It is difficult for island far away from lands to supply a lot of energy. It is considered the eco-friendly way to minimize the use of energy on the island. In order to solve the problem of water shortage on the island, it is considered fog that on the island occur frequently. It is an attempt to create water from fog, but it is a lack of research of efficiency of fog-catching nets to create water from fog. In this research, I have studied the efficiency of the fog-catching nets, a way to increase the efficiency, the amount of water that is created on the island, usage of discarded fishing net for fog-catching nets. Through this research, I found a kind of fog which can be changed into water and the difference in efficiency due to the difference in the size of the mesh size of the fog-catching nets, wind direction, wind speed, water absorption capacity of thread of fog-catching nets, installation direction of fog-catching nets, a way of installation of fog-catching nets. Also I found fog-catching nets of discarded fishing nets on the island and the possibility of usage for everyday life that the amount of water are created for a day or a month during dry season on the island.
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蝴蝶定理(Butterfly theorem)是在一個圓形中,設M為圓內弦PQ的中點,過M作弦AB和CD。設AD和BC各相交PQ於點X和Y,則M是XY的中點。 在此份研究中,我們探討正方形邊上兩個動點、正方形內一個定點以及邊上動點與內點的連線,延伸交四邊的另外兩點,所構成的「蝴蝶形狀」的「蝴蝶線」。主要利用兩個動點在邊上的位置,以及內點在正方形內的位置,尋找上述條件與蝴蝶線的關係。由於邊上四個點的分布對於蝴蝶線有很大的影響,所以又依照四點分布位置進行分段討論。另外,我們也尋找正方形內接蝴蝶形的特殊性質。
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cos nθ和sin nθ的一般項公式
1. 將 cos nθ以cosθ 形式依高次降羃排列展開,觀察各項係數,找尋其變化規律,進一步求得各項係數的一般項公式。2. 將 sin nθ以sinθ 形式依低次升羃排列展開,觀察各項係數之變化規律,進一步求得各項係數的一般項公式。3. 找出cos nθ 與cos(n-1)θ,cos(n+1)θ 之間的關係式。4. 找出sin nθ 與sin(n-1)θ,sin(n+1)θ 之間的關係式。5. 利用cos nθ 的係數間的遞迴關係,找出其相對應的特徵方程式。
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氣體動力論是一種微觀理論,而波以耳、查理定律雖是巨觀的實驗,但對我們而言,終究還是一種看不到的氣體性質推理,而促使我們本次的模擬實驗藉由真實粒子撞擊所形成的現象,解說氣體定律。
一、 理想氣體的粒子模型很難取得,因為真實的粒子必有重量,也很難達到彈性碰撞,我們以B.B 彈為氣體粒子模型,以馬達轉動撞擊B.B 彈,輸入的電功率P=IV 轉為粒子的動能,就算粒子與器壁為非彈性碰撞,若其散失有一定的比例,也就是當能量平衡時,以功率觀點, p電= p粒子得到 +p散逸 ⇒p電=kop粒子得到(ko>1),我們可視為粒子Ek 不變,由 IV=ko.NEk(N:粒子數,Ek:粒子動能),所以當N 固定時,我們可由p電值來代表粒子動能的大小,當N 非固定時,可由p電/N 代表粒子動能大小。
二、 ∵分子動能 1/2 mv2= 2/3 KT ∴ IV / N 也可用來代表氣體溫度(T)。
三、 垂直放置的活塞受有重力Mg (↓),若底部有粒子撞擊而使活塞上升一段距離而平衡,可得到F撞擊力 = Mg,而壓力P= F/A =Mg/A,∴若活塞截面A 固定則活塞質量 M 可代表氣體壓力P。
四、 B.B 彈活動的空間體積V=hA 也就代表氣體容器的體積,∵活塞的截面積A 固定∴可用 h 來代表容器體積。 ∴此次探討中,氣體的P、V、N、T 各以M(活塞質量),h(活塞高度),N(粒子數),p電/N(電功率/粒子數)來代表。
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我們研究的主題是曲率,且以高中所學的函數為主。雖然大學已有曲率公式,但我們將其表示成高中生較易了解的型式,並且以f(x) 的方式呈現。我們在函數曲線上取不共線三點,構成一個三角形,並求出此三角形的外接圓半徑。再將所取三點逼近,所求之半徑即為特定點的密切圓,也就是曲率半徑。而此曲率半徑的倒數,就是所求的曲率,同時我們將公式帶入高中各常見函數,以導出函數上各點曲率。;Our study is about curvature, especially about the fuctions we learn in senior high school. In university, there is a certain formula for curvature, but we hope to change it into a form that can be easily accepted by senior high school students, and express the formula with f(x), the symbol of functions. We pick three incollinear points from the curve of a function, making the three points into a triangle, and figure out the circumradius of this triangle. Then, we approximate the three points to one of them, and the circumradius will also be the radius of the osculating circle of the point. We define the radius as radius of curvature. The reciprocal of the radius of curvature will be the curvature. Then, we use the formula to figure out the curvature of the functions we learn in senior high school.
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間歇泉是一種十分奇特的地質景觀,地下水受到火成岩入侵所帶來的穩定熱源加熱,產生水蒸氣,利用水蒸氣形成的空氣柱壓力推動水由地底噴發出地表,也因為熱源穩定使得噴發時間差接近一定值,形成所謂的「週期性」。而根據實驗結果發現,管壁較薄的管子,在噴發之後,會使管中殘餘的水稍作降溫,加上補充的冷水使系統降溫;管長愈長時,蓄水槽中的水量較多,提高溫度所需的時間也較長,而延長了噴發的週期,最後歸納出間歇泉形成及存在的三個主要條件:(1)穩定的熱源;(2)細長的孔道;(3)豐沛的地下水。英文摘要:The geyser is a very amazing sort of geologic scenery. Its principle is that the heat source of invasive volcanic rock heats the underground water to produce steam that results an air-columnar with a large pressure to erupt through the underground on the surface. Because of the steady supply of heat source, the period between eruptions is closed to a constant called “periodicity.” According to the result of the experiments, the tube that have thin wall can lower the remaining water’s temperature a little and the cold water’s supply can also lower the plumbing system’s temperature after eruption. Besides, the water in the longer tube needs more time to higher its temperature to protract the period because it have more water in its reservoir. Eventually, there are 3 essential conditions of the geysers’ existence concluded: (1) steady supply of heat; (2) a thin and long standpipe; (3) abundant underground water.
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懸浮奈米污染物之感測方法(Sensing of Nanopollutants with an Ionic Liquid)
由於奈米科技之進步發展神速,許多難以偵測的奈米污染物可能對生物體造成不可預知的負面影響,然而傳統之感測方法主要針對氣體分子,可能不適用於感測粒狀奈米污染物質。因此,本研究之主要目的是探討(也建立一套)奈米污染物簡易感測方法之可行性。利用二至三個塑膠瓶、塑膠管組裝簡易感測實驗,並且使用非常少量(約0.05 mL)之綠色溶劑(離子熔液),實驗結果顯示奈米ZnO 及螢光粉塵灰(2 或奈米CuO 反而使電阻增加;未通過過濾材料之螢光粉塵灰(2 and phosphor particulates was conducted in a home-made nanopollutant sensing system. Experimentally, abstraction of nano ZnO into the IL caused a reduction of the IL resistance. Similarly, decreasing of the IL resistance was also observed in the abstraction of phosphor particles with particles sizes of 2 particles was found. Abstraction of nano CuO in the IL also led to a slight increase of the IL resistance. The determined characteristic resistances of the IL for abstraction of select nano particles such as nano ZnO, nano CuO, nano TiO2 and phosphor particulates may be used in the development of novel nanopollutants sensors.
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This study of health diagnosis based on using computer signal analysis technology. In order to make health management more perfect. The main points of this study are wrist pulse and body temperature information, remit to the database of the computer, analyze with the computer. With the internet network , transmit it to the medical center in order to carry and control, seek medical advice, prevent infective disease from spreading, defending healthy purposes of people, this research system includes the following six functions:(1) Automation measured: Can prevent popular disease from spreading , and ensure the medical personnel to avoid being infected.(2) The heart and lungs function warning system:When the pulse beats too fast or slowly, computer will send out warning signal immediately .(3) The body temperature is unusually warning system: When the body temperature is too high or too low, will send out warning signal immediately.(4) Pathology analyzed: Will pick and fetch the pulse wave form, which use the computer procedure to carry on frequency spectrum in order to analyze, then compared with database, with the purpose of analyze pathology. (5) The health managed: Remit the physiological information that quantity examines to the database of computer, offer pathology analysis, carry on the prevention of the disease. (6) Analysis results of the human exercise: With the operation of the database, we can analyze and obtain the effect that all previous sports accumulate .本研究係運用電腦訊號分析科技、資料庫軟體,使健康管理更為完善。研究重點為擷取人體手腕脈象、體溫生理訊息,匯入電腦資料庫,以電腦進行分析。藉由網際網路,傳輸至醫療單位,達到遠端監控、緊急就醫、防止傳染性疾病蔓延,守護國民健康之目的,本研究系統包含下列六大功能:(1) 自動化檢測:可防止流行疾病蔓延,並保障醫護人員避免遭受感染。(2) 心肺功能異常警示:脈搏跳動過快或過慢,立即發出警示。(3) 體溫異常警示:當體溫過高或過低,會發出警示。(4) 病理分析:將擷取脈搏波形,運用電腦程式進行頻譜分析,與資料庫比對,藉以分析病理。(5) 健康管理:將量測之生理訊息匯入電腦資料庫,提供病理分析,進行疾病之預防。(6) 運動成效分析:藉由資料庫之運作,可解析獲得歷次運動累積之成效。
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The influence of Hygrophila pogonocalyx restoration on the host preference and larval growth performance of Junonia iphita iphita
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“液”滴活泉-探討液滴與液面的碰撞與振盪
As soon as a drop from the same liquid falls to the surface of the liquid, a crown emerges, which is followed by a Liquid Column shortly afterward. In order to measure the diameter of the short-lived crown and the height of the liquid column, we developed two incredible and useful devices for each one of that. After a series of experiments and discussion, we decided to adopt collision and oscillation to illuminate the phenomenon. And the details are in the reports. 液滴活泉:一種碰撞與振盪的交合,也是表面張力與黏滯力的拉鋸。碰撞的同時與 表面張力交柔展現皇冠;振盪的同時與黏滯力以圓形波動吞噬液滴。 望冠興嘆:激起的液體皇冠徑和隆起的液柱高猶如曇花一現,測量技術就簡單設備 而言是窮則思變的契機。 滴滴入扣:滴落小液滴如質點的碰撞,隨著液面的振盪,而終止於波心;滴落大液 滴如多個小液滴集體行動,如聖誕老公公灑落糖果般,爾後激盪擾動迴旋 不已。
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在一次意外的發現中,我觀察到以鱷魚夾夾住的鎂帶在海水中竟然不斷的冒出氣泡,引起了我一探究竟的興趣。經由一系列的探索和實驗,我驗證了此種奇特電化學行為的反應機制,並且藉著此種機制,我嘗試尋找可以產生最大電流、電壓的伏打電池組合,以便製出一個又產電、又生氫的新式伏打電池,一方面可作為直流電的電源,另一方面產生的氫氣又可作為燃料電池的燃料來源。 In one accidental discovery, I’ve observed that there were continuously bubbles coming out when a magnesium stripe was attached by the metal clip in the sea water. This incident aroused my curiosity to find out the reason. Through a series of searching and experiments, I have proved the mechanic reaction of this spectacular electronic chemical behavior. Then I tried to search for a combination which can produce the greatest electronic current and voltage in order to produce a new type of voltage battery that can produce electricity and hydrogen. In one way, it can be the source of producing the direct-current. On the other way, the hydrogen it produced can also be the source of a fuel battery.
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