當海底發生地震，或海底山崩塌，海水便被抬升或崩塌，因此在短時間內獲得大量位能，轉成為海水的動能向四面八方傳遞，這就是海嘯。我們以基隆港為模型，海底坡度1：10，藉由實驗發現水波在寬闊水域由較深區域進入較淺區域，波高(波峰與波谷的距離)並不會出現太大的不同，然而一旦水波進入狹窄的港區，能量在灣內累積，波高就大幅增加，比例可達55%。當波谷先抵達岸邊時，會造成海水後退、水位大幅下降甚至露出海底的情形。在我們的實驗中，代表海底的斜板露出的距離最大約14 公分(坡度1：10)，佔小水槽長度的28%。若改變斜板與水槽底部的角度，斜板露出的距離也會改變，當θ=10°，即坡度175：1000 時斜板露出距離最長。

A novel method of electrolytic Y3Al5O12 (YAG:X, X=Ce, Eu, Tb) phosphor thin-film coating on sapphire was investigated in yttrium, aluminum, cerium, europium and terbium nitrate solution. By means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) observation, and cathodic polarization tests, the most efficient potential of deposition was found in the region between -1.2 V~-1.5 V. The YAG phosphor thin-film was successfully synthesized by the cathodic deposits were heat-treated at 1200 ℃ for 4 hours. The excitation photoluminescence (PL) spectra of Ce3+ in YAG consists of a strong maximum at about λ＝520~530 nm that show yellow emission peak, and a red emission was observed at about λ＝595~700 nm by additional Eu3+. The excitation PL spectra monitored inλ＝480~500 nm with the amount of Tb3+ and that show green emission peak. The fabrication of YAG phosphor thin-film will be useful to improve the emission intensity of the white LEDs in the future.由電解沈積陰極的電位—電流關係圖、Ｘ光繞射分析、SEM 觀察及實驗反應的經驗式我們可以知道要在導電的sapphire（氧化鋁單晶）基材上電解沈積合成燒結YAG 螢光薄膜所需之各類氫氧化金屬，其合適的電解沈積電位為-1.2 Ｖ~-1.5 V，我們利用電化學沈積法可以成功地合成欲燒結成YAG 螢光薄膜所需之氫氧化金屬，將所合成之氫氧化金屬放入高溫爐以1200 ℃高溫燒結4 小時後，依據我們目前以光螢光激發(PL)這些YAG 薄膜的光譜結果，可以成功地得到YAG:Ce(λ=520~530nm)黃光螢光薄膜、YAG:Eu(λ=595~700nm)紅光螢光薄膜及YAG:Tb(λ=480~500nm) 綠光螢光薄膜，證明以新的電化學方法可以成功製備YAG 螢光薄膜，相信這些研究成果未來應用在研發提昇白光LED 發光效能上有極大之助益。

在中國數學雜誌八卷二期（ Chinese Journal of Mathematics volum 8, Number2 , Jun 1980）有篇朱建正、黃振芳所作”三角形的剪裁” ( "On Trimming A Triangle " ）。內容是要證明以下的猜側：定義：剪裁給定一個三角形，固定其兩頂點，而將另一頂點沿三角形的邊向某一固定頂點移動，而得出一較小的三角形，這樣的程序稱為一個剪裁。下一個剪裁則從此較小的三角形出發。 Goodman 的猜測：由 △ ABC經有限多次剪裁成之 △ A'B'C'，必可由 7 次以下之剪裁使 A 變到 A', B 變到B',C 變到 C'。實際上，朱、黃所證，僅是沒有“記號”的情形，至於有記號 的情形，卻從略不提。我試於後文提出一反例，說明朱、黃的解法何以無法解決有記號的情形。藉著電子計算機之助，我對此猜測的所有情形作了驗證，證實往考慮記號的情形下此一猜測為真。根據朱教授表示，原問題係他於 1978 年赴英參加數學會議時，一數學家 Coodman 所提出。

The didactic prototype for the teaching of the pneumatic Basic is designed, so teachers can instruct knowledgement of pneumatics focused to identification, handling and application of its elements based on constructivist theory in which the student learns making, working on projects and in a collaborative way. This implies that his presentation should include the basic elements to be used in this study area, as well as allowing that the student can interact with it, still easy to use, and take them by the teacher into his area of education, which can be a classroom, room, Auditorium, workshop, lab, and even training courses to the industry, the only thing that requires is compressed air (2 to 4 bars). As well as, to create a secure environment for the user when this is manipulating. Its construction based on a compact, lightweight and ergonomic, structure to ensure that it can be transported without difficulty. Also that must comply with the minimum essential to enable the student to acquire competencies in the curriculum which consider the identification, handling and application of pneumatic elements; IE has the following 2 directional valves 3/2 NC, 1 directional valve 3/2 NC-operated with a knob, 2 valves 3/2 pneumatic drive, a 5/2 valve NC NC of stable pneumatic drive, 1 valve of simultaneity or function, and 1 valve selector or function, or double effect with pressure regulator piston1 piston of double effect, 1 piston for simple effect, 1 valve 3/2 NC with motorized drive and roller.

COP8 is the second unit of COP9 signalsome. In the comparison of BLAST ,we found that\r LLPC14 cDNA and the protein sequence are quit similar to the COP8 of Arabidopsis thaliana\r Therefore, we are interested in the role that COP8 plays in the photomorphogenesis and try to find\r the length of the sequence. So far, no result is obtained about the 3’-RACE, but we’re surprised to\r find that the sequence found in 5’-RACE is shorter than what we’re know, which suggests the RNA\r length of the cDNA used in the RACE combination has decreased.\r Although the final results of the COP8 5’and 3’-RACE haven’t been achieved, it is sure the\r COP8 is highly-conserved in many species. Since the similarity between LLPC14 and the COP8 of\r Arabidopsis thaliana is as high as 90 percent, we used the COP8 of Arabidopsis thaliana to detect the\r COP8 protein in pollen.在過去種綠豆芽的經驗中，不難發現它本身因為環境的不同，而有不同型態白化\r 的現象，例如：黑暗下萌發的豆苗。但尚未深入去理解白化的原因；而在後來的種植\r 經驗上，也發現有許多令自己覺得困惑的相同處。\r 在高二的生命科學第四章中，有提到光照與黑暗生長的植株，在構造比較上有明\r 顯的不同；其中，提及植物的活性組織存在「光敏素」（phytochrome），此色素蛋白的\r 存在於光照後，會引發一連串反應，至此，也稍微了解植物的萌發反應的差別。\r 故藉由個人在中研院植物所的資優生培訓過程，便以此為前題,進一步探究植物基\r 因組COP 8 與白化現象的相關性

在上學期高二數學第三冊中提到球面幾何性質與圓周的幾何性質可以類比， 如圓幕定理與球幕定理、過圓或球外一點求切線段長的公式等， 之前也學過空間的圖形如四面體(三角錐)、球等； 因此我們想： 三角錐的幾何性質與三角形的幾何性質應該也可以類比才對。讀了老師提供的波利亞(G.Polya )著的《數學與猜想》(Mathematics and Plausible Reasoning )一書，裡面說道：在平面上， 至少要三條直線才能圍成有限的圖形－－三角形； 而在空間中， 至少要四個平面才能圍成有限的區域－－三角錐。就兩者以數目最少的簡單分界為元素所圍成這一點來說， 三角形與平面的關係同三角錐與空間的關係是一樣的。使我們更加確定自己的推論，由此展開了漫長的研究路程。

The role of Notch signaling in the regulation of growth and differentiation of epithelial stem cells is poorly understood. While specific markers for epidermal stem cells have not yet been identified, members the Notch signaling pathway have been reported to be differentially expressed in the human epidermis. This study sought to demonstrate the presence and distribution of Notch and its ligands, Delta and Jagged, in human keratinocytes, and thereby characterize this subpopulation. Human neonatal foreskin samples were used to obtain isolated epidermal cells. Cells that were shown to be negative for connexin43, a gap junction protein, and positive for keratin14, a basal marker, were classified as presumptive stem cells (PSC). This sorted subpopulation was shown to be small and agranular by flow cytometry analysis. After two weeks in cell culture, PSC revealed a proliferative potential three times greater than non-sorted cells. The PSC exhibited increased expression of Delta and Jagged ligands than the general population. Additionally, RT-PCR confirmed the presence of Jagged and Delta in keratinocytes; however, only Jagged was detected in immunohistochemistry tests. Members of the Notch family were identified by immunohistochemistry in the epithelium and also at the protein- and mRNA-level. The data suggests that variations in the expression of members of the Notch signaling pathway could potentially be used as markers for stem cells of the epithelium; however, further research is necessary to make definitive conclusions, which would provide better insight into Notch regulatory pathways. This understanding could one day allow for the eventual treatment of epithelial damage caused by various skin diseases, injuries, or burns.

After reading “CKSH Communication 20 “, we are interested in Question 5 . We try to explain that in all the No. Crunches, whether we can put the numbers in the No. Crunches any certain position. We specify the question, according to the “Point Symmitry Homing” in mxn No. Crunches, to find the correlated characters of the rules. Finally, we find a “switch” – we can get the better way to rotate the numbers quickly by some programs.從「建中通訊解題」第20 期第5 題出發，本研究嘗試去解釋對所有的數字轉盤而言，是否能將其中的數字歸位到任意指定的位置？接下來將題目特殊化，藉由m× n 數字轉盤的「點對稱歸位」，尋找遊戲規則衍生出的相關性質。最後，利用研究出的性質找到一個「判斷式」可藉由程式設計，快速的找到較佳轉法。

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a prevalent disease of the West which pathogenesis is driven by a combination interaction between bacteria and inflammatory cells. In this study, two Kazal domain peptide from Palythoa Caribaeorum were identified. They were found to exhibit serine protease inhibitory, anti-bacterial effects and low toxicity, making them ideal candidates for IBD treatment due to their ability to inhibit inflammatory cell migration and bacterial load. We amplified their coding DNA sequences via PCR and ligated the resulting PCR product into pGEX-4T3 vector. The recombinant plasmid was verified by sequencing, and restriction digest before being transformed into competent E.coli cells. Following transformation, we induced target peptides expression by IPTG to confirmed successful transformation and peptide production. Selected transformed bacterial colonies were expanded in LB broth before mixing with glycerol and frozen in -80°C freezer to complete the process of cell bank production.

Despite the multitude of biomedical scans conducted, there is still relatively low accuracy and standardization of diagnoses from these images. In both the fields of computer science and medicine there is very strong interest in developing personalized treatment policies for patients who have variable responses to treatments. The aim of my research was automatic segmentation of brain MRI scans to better analyze patients with tumors, multiple sclerosis, ALS, or Alzheimer’s. In particular, I aim to use this information, along with novel artificial intelligence algorithms, to find an optimal personalized treatment policy which is a non-deterministic function of the patient specific covariate data that maximizes the expected survival time or clinical outcome. The result of the research was IlluminaMed, a biomedical image analysis toolkit that relies on the development of new artificial neural networks and training algorithms and novel research in fuzzy logic. The networks can detect patterns more complex than humans can identify and create patterns over long periods of time. IlluminaMed was trained by a dataset of professionally and manually segmented MRI scans from several prestigious hospitals and universities. I then developed an algorithmic framework to solve multistage decision problem with a varying number of stages that are subject to censoring in which the “rewards” are expected survival times. In specific, I developed a novel Q-learning algorithm that dynamically adjusts for these parameters. Furthermore, I found finite upper bounds on the generalized error of the treatment paths constructed by this algorithm. I have also shown that when the optimal Q-function is an element of the approximation space, the anticipated survival times for the treatment regime constructed by the algorithm will converge to the optimal treatment path. I demonstrated the performance of the proposed algorithmic framework via simulation studies and through the analysis of chronic depression data and a hypothetical clinical trial. IlluminaMed can automatically segment the scans with 98% accuracy, find tumors with 96% accuracy and approximate their volume within a 2% margin of error. It can also find lesions in MS and ALS, distinguishing them from tumors with 94% accuracy. IlluminaMed can, in addition, determine the tendency of a patient to develop Alzheimer’s several months before patients develop symptoms correlating the brain structure and its fluctuations. Lastly, the censored Q-learning algorithm I developed is more effective than the state of the art clinical decision support systems and is able to operate in environments when many covariate parameters may be unobtainable or censored. IlluminaMed is the only fully automatic biomedical image analysis toolkit and personalized medicine engine. The personalized medicine engine runs at a level that is comparable to the best physicians. It is less computationally complex than similar software and is unique in the fact that it can find new patterns in the brain with possible future diagnoses. IlluminaMed’s implications are not only great in terms of the biomedical field, but also in the field of artificial intelligence with new findings in neural networks and the relationships of fuzzy extensional subsets.

本實驗主要針對邵氏姬針蟻(H. sauteri）的進擊行為以及特殊的畜牧行為(concealed behavior)進行探討。在實驗的過程中發現邵氏姬針蟻(H. sauteri）在遇上不同種的螞蟻時，會出現不同的進擊模式：分巢式進擊、漸進式進擊、一般式進擊。邵氏姬針蟻(H. sauteri）在攻擊其他螞蟻種類後，會將職蟻屍體做為食物，儲存在蟻巢中，一般肉食螞蟻不會發生類似情形。 有別於一般蟻種俘虜行為中的蓄奴行為(slave-making behavior)，邵氏姬針蟻出現的畜牧行為較接近多數胡蜂科(Vespidae)、鈎土蜂科(Tiphiidae)、泥蜂科(Sphecidae)寄生蜂(parasitoids)所具有的寄生行為(parasitical behavior)。實驗中更發現邵氏姬針蟻(H. sauteri）在搶奪蓬萊點琉璃蟻(B. wroughtoni)幼蟲時，會以螫針螫刺幼蟲，注入毒液，造成被俘虜的蓬萊點琉璃蟻幼蟲的背血管(heart)收縮頻率下降及限制幼蟲行動等狀況。在畜牧行為發生後，邵氏姬針蟻不會將幼蟲照顧至羽化，反倒將幼蟲作為食物進食。另外，邵氏姬針蟻還可依據幼蟲表面碳氫化合物的不同來辨別不同狀況下的幼蟲。 本研究首次記錄邵氏姬針蟻(H. sauteri）進食職蟻屍體、儲存食物行為，更首次於螞蟻中記錄到邵氏姬針蟻類似寄生蜂寄生的特殊畜牧行為。

人類的脂肪幹細胞,取得容易,且來源不涉及倫理問題,是一種理想的城體細胞來源,目前已發現其可分化成骨細胞,軟骨細胞,脂肪細胞,等等,因此深具未來發展的潛力,將可應用於組織工程細胞治療上,而Chitosan(幾丁聚醣)則是一種具生物相容性,生物分解性且無生物毒性的材料,在生醫材料的領域一具相當發展性,在這個實驗中,我們將chitosan薄膜經過氬氣電漿處哩,並測量其與水的接觸角.發現電漿處理時間越長,接觸角越小,表示電漿處理有助於增加chotosan薄膜表面的親水性.細胞在經過電漿處理的薄膜上,其黏附情形一隨處理時間增長,黏著數目越多,且形態愈扁平,表示電漿處理過的chotosan表面有助於細胞的吸附.;Human Processed Lipoaspirate cells (hPLA) can be subtracted easily from lipoaspirate and the source of the cells does not violate the moral and ethic standard. Therefore, it is an ideal source of somatic stem cells. Recently, researches show that the hPLA cells have the ability to differentiate into osteoblast cells, chondrocytes cells, adipose cells, and skeletal muscle cells. In the future, they have great potential in tissue engineering or cell therapy. Chitosan is a biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic material. It is also an advanced material to be used in the biomaterial field. In this study, we treated chitosan film with argon plasma and measured its contact angle with water. The contact angles decreased as the duration of plasma treatment on chitosan increased, indicating that plasma treatment has a positive influence on increasing the hydrophilicity of chitosan film surface. Moreover, the numbers of hPLA cells adhering to chitosan films increased and their morphology became flatter when the durations of plasma treatment on chitosan films prolonged. Hence, the result showed that plasma treatment on chitosan films also promoted the adhesion of hPLA cells on chitosan film surfaces.