具有長短兩軸的對稱性剛體，譬如半橢球，在施加適當質量配重後，給予其Z 軸方向的 初角速度，將會逐漸上下震盪、搖擺，而後改變原先的角速度方向，朝相反的方向逆轉回來。 此現象稱為「逆旋現象」，本研究分析關於配重、質心距離與表面摩擦係數等因素的影響，利 用光點投影方式判讀其軌跡，並建立數學模型以驗證物理原理。研究發現，動摩擦垂直長軸 的分力所造成的力矩，將會導致逆旋的發生，並且，對本研究的剛體模型而言，加以20g 配 重，與長軸夾45°距質心5.5cm 且動摩擦系數為0.1227 時，逆轉角度有最大值。當長短兩軸 的震盪頻率相近時，甚至會發生兩軸能量的耦合現象，而有不只一次的逆旋。 The phenomenon was found for rigid bodies with long and short symmetrical axes, such as half-ellipsoids. We add extra masses ( Δm ) to a stone of the shape of half-ellipsoid and then give it an initial angular velocity ( 0 ω ) to make it spin. While the stone spins, the two symmetric axes start oscillating up and down. Then, remarkably, the spin of the stone slows down while the amplitude of oscillation increases until the direction of angular velocity reverses. This process is called “Rattle Back Spin-Reversed Phenomenon.” Our study involves the effect of several parameters on the above phenomenon, such as the shape of the stone, the added mass, and the friction between the stone and the table surface. We try to build a physical model to explain the spin-reversed phenomenon which can be recorded by tracing the motion of the stone with optical means. According to our study, the shape of the stone and the distribution of the added mass played crucial roles. The torque generated by kinetic friction along the long axis also helps the spin to reverse. Furthermore, in our experiment, we record a maximum reverse angle with following settings: two sets of 10 grams of mass are symmetrically added to the flat side of half-ellipsoid, in the distance of 5.5 cm to the C.M. of stone and an included 45 degrees angle with a long axis. And the most surprising finding is that when the oscillation frequencies of two symmetric axes are close to each other, the spin of the stone can reverse twice.

Pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) which is rich in cellulose, abundantly available, relatively inexpensive, low density, nonabrasive nature, high filling level possible, low energy consumption, high specific properties, biodegradability and has the potential for polymer reinforcement. The utilization of pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) as reinforcements in thermoplastic form for developing low cost and lightweight composites Pineapple leaf fibre (PALF) is one of them that have also good potential as reinforcement in thermoplastic composite. The objective our research is to characterize PALF and to investigate the effect of fibre treatment on the mechanical properties of PALF reinforced polypropylene (PP) composite PALF was obtained from pineapple plantation after the harvesting. The we dry the PALF to remove the water. Next step is grind the PALF into small particle. Both PP and PALF were compounded using internal mixer machine prior to compression moulding via hot press machine to form a sheet. After forming the composite sheet, samples were prepared for tensile test (ASTM D638), flexural test (ASTM D790) and impact test (ASTM D256).

The purpose of the Actuator is to create a practical device that passively exercises\r the lower legs to help prevent blood clots, Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), in\r wheelchair-bound individuals of any age. The secondary purpose of the device is to\r improve range of motion of the lower legs and speed the recovery of their leg action. It is hoped that this invention will help to prevent DVT, and allow some people to even use their legs again, through passive or active muscular motion. The invention was produced using a number of prototypes and design sketches. Although the current model is quite functional, as it keeps the users legs in motion, it is still in the prototypic design stage.\r The Actuator is a simple to use, easy to retrofit device. It is also portable and will be\r able to attach onto the front of any wheelchair. It harnesses the motion of the wheelchair to drive the users legs in a circular motion.\r The invention was tested in a closed and controlled environment: the duration of the\r Actuator’s use was constant, a doctor was present to take blood pressure and heart rate, and the rotation speed of the user’s legs was controlled by keeping the wheelchair speed constant. The data was collected by monitoring heart rate and skin surface temperature of healthy individuals, and blood pressure and heart rate of a wheelchair bound individual.\r As seen with both experiments (wheelchair bound, and healthy individuals) heart rate\r increased. In addition, the wheelchair bound individual’s heart rate also noticeably\r increased, with an evident increase in blood pressure as well. However, skin surface\r temperature is sensitive to surroundings and often provides little indication of deep vein blood flow, thus the skin surface temperature measurements were too inaccurate for any conclusions to be formulated.\r The inventor’s grandmother had developed DVT’s in 2005, and passed away because of them. Had she been given an Actuator it may have prevented such a tragedy. Her death was the driving force behind the project’s development. Over the time period that this project has been in process, the true potential of this invention has been realized.\r I truly believe that it will revolutionize the way that we treat people in wheelchairs, and the way people in wheelchairs can treat themselves.

糖尿病是一種由於體內胰島素分泌不足或作用不良而導致血糖升高的疾病，此慢性病會造成周邊神經病變，影響周邊神經的傳導。本實驗以大白鼠為研究對象，首先將大白鼠分為兩組，一組以腹腔注射streptozotocin (STZ, 60-80 mg/kg)，破壞其胰臟之β細胞；令另一組腹腔注射生理食鹽水作為對照組。經過4-6 週，測量其血糖。其中注射STZ 的一組，依照血糖改變分為兩組，一組是高血糖(>126mg/dl)，另一組是正常血糖組(126 mg/dl), and the other had normal blood glucose level (

Our goal is to make roll call systems at schools technological. While Rolling Call system is getting technological capacities some useful outcomes occur as well like; To remove the cost for class books by abolishing the class books used for roll call To eliminate mistakes with the usage of class book .(The numbers written incorrectly) To save again a large amount of waste paper( The short messages will be send to the parents instead of mailing the letters to the their adresses once a week about their students' absance.) To improve communication among school and parents ,by this way to prevent various kinds of problems arising from absenteeism. To make teachers school boards more efficently and motivated besides their affairs will get easier as well. To save time of school managers(They have no Works like saving the absenteeisms into e-school network because everything including all the absenteeism info will be carried into the system automatically) To save time of each lesson the teachers will not loose time for the roll call ,so they will be able to devote their time to their students and training. -Technological polling mechanism will contribute to education, this contribution will make all the students and teachers happy because all the teachers carry concern whether their curriculum will be finished or not through this system recording all the rests of teachers because of illnesses and some national celebrations.

台灣地區高蹺?（Himantopus himantopus）的度冬族群出現月份是九月中旬至隔年四月，棲息地主要是在台灣西部沿海之鹽田、魚塭、沙質河口及少數內陸河川，而 1994年成立的台南四草野生動物保護區更是其在台灣的主要繁殖區。 本研究主要從2001年3月~2003年10月進行八掌溪嘉義市段高蹺?族群數量的調查，在 2001.12 月計數到最高數量約 1200 隻，2002.10 月有 1540 隻，連續兩個年度都是全國最高數量，分析環境因子及食物來源皆優於其他各沿海棲地。 在 2003 年 5 月至 9 月調查嘉義沿海高蹺?繁殖配對情形，在 5 月 24 日發現鰲鼓溼地巢數 25 個、幼鳥 14 隻，布袋七區鹽田巢數 9 個，顯示除了台南四草繁殖區外還有其他的繁殖地。 The winter residents of Black- winged Stilts in Taiwan appear in mid-September to next April. Their main habitats are the salt pans, water ponds, sandy river mouths and few inland rivers in western Taiwan. Furthermore, the “Taina Szu-Tao (四草) Wildlife Sanctuary” established in 1994 is their major breeding area. This research is the investigation of the amount of Black- winged Stilt in Pajhang River（八掌溪）, Chia-yi city（嘉義市） in 2001, Mar.~ 2003, Oct. The highest amount in 2001, Dec. is about 1200 and in 2002,Oct. is 1540. The amounts of these continuous two years are the highest in Taiwan. To analyze the reasons, the environment and food sources are better than other coastal habitats. In 2003, from May to September, the investigation of mating situation of Black-winged Stilt in Chia-yi coastal areas, twenty five nests and fourteen young birds in Ao-Ku(鰲鼓) wetland; nine nests in Pu-dai （布袋） seven salt pans are found on May 24th. It shows that there are other breeding areas except the breeding areas in Tainan Szu-Tao.

A novel method of electrolytic Y3Al5O12 (YAG:X, X=Ce, Eu, Tb) phosphor thin-film coating on sapphire was investigated in yttrium, aluminum, cerium, europium and terbium nitrate solution. By means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) observation, and cathodic polarization tests, the most efficient potential of deposition was found in the region between -1.2 V~-1.5 V. The YAG phosphor thin-film was successfully synthesized by the cathodic deposits were heat-treated at 1200 ℃ for 4 hours. The excitation photoluminescence (PL) spectra of Ce3+ in YAG consists of a strong maximum at about λ＝520~530 nm that show yellow emission peak, and a red emission was observed at about λ＝595~700 nm by additional Eu3+. The excitation PL spectra monitored inλ＝480~500 nm with the amount of Tb3+ and that show green emission peak. The fabrication of YAG phosphor thin-film will be useful to improve the emission intensity of the white LEDs in the future.由電解沈積陰極的電位—電流關係圖、Ｘ光繞射分析、SEM 觀察及實驗反應的經驗式我們可以知道要在導電的sapphire（氧化鋁單晶）基材上電解沈積合成燒結YAG 螢光薄膜所需之各類氫氧化金屬，其合適的電解沈積電位為-1.2 Ｖ~-1.5 V，我們利用電化學沈積法可以成功地合成欲燒結成YAG 螢光薄膜所需之氫氧化金屬，將所合成之氫氧化金屬放入高溫爐以1200 ℃高溫燒結4 小時後，依據我們目前以光螢光激發(PL)這些YAG 薄膜的光譜結果，可以成功地得到YAG:Ce(λ=520~530nm)黃光螢光薄膜、YAG:Eu(λ=595~700nm)紅光螢光薄膜及YAG:Tb(λ=480~500nm) 綠光螢光薄膜，證明以新的電化學方法可以成功製備YAG 螢光薄膜，相信這些研究成果未來應用在研發提昇白光LED 發光效能上有極大之助益。

硬幣因表面張力的作用而浮於水面上，且當所形成水面曲線各點斜率小於1時，即硬幣與水面接觸角小於135∘，其曲線會符合h(x)=c1e-x⁄Lc 的形式。另外，實驗驗證兩枚浮於水面之硬幣因兩側接觸角不同，使硬幣受力F=γ(sinθc2-sinθc1)*A，而發生互相靠近的情形，此機制與文獻[4]所提到的解釋不同，這是因為沉體(本實驗所研究的)與浮體(文獻所提到的)與水面的接觸形式不同，而使得物體浮於水面上互相靠近的物理機制不同。最後，本組發現水面漂浮物體為浮體時(密度小於1gw/cm3)，接觸角大小與表面材質有關，與密度大小無關；而為沉體時(密度大於1gw/cm3)，接觸角大小與表面材質無關，會隨著密度增加而變大，可說明了兩沉體互相靠近時，接觸角是會改變，因而產生吸引的現象。

The didactic prototype for the teaching of the pneumatic Basic is designed, so teachers can instruct knowledgement of pneumatics focused to identification, handling and application of its elements based on constructivist theory in which the student learns making, working on projects and in a collaborative way. This implies that his presentation should include the basic elements to be used in this study area, as well as allowing that the student can interact with it, still easy to use, and take them by the teacher into his area of education, which can be a classroom, room, Auditorium, workshop, lab, and even training courses to the industry, the only thing that requires is compressed air (2 to 4 bars). As well as, to create a secure environment for the user when this is manipulating. Its construction based on a compact, lightweight and ergonomic, structure to ensure that it can be transported without difficulty. Also that must comply with the minimum essential to enable the student to acquire competencies in the curriculum which consider the identification, handling and application of pneumatic elements; IE has the following 2 directional valves 3/2 NC, 1 directional valve 3/2 NC-operated with a knob, 2 valves 3/2 pneumatic drive, a 5/2 valve NC NC of stable pneumatic drive, 1 valve of simultaneity or function, and 1 valve selector or function, or double effect with pressure regulator piston1 piston of double effect, 1 piston for simple effect, 1 valve 3/2 NC with motorized drive and roller.

NO donors are an emerging class of pharmaceutical compounds, with many important functions in the cardiovascular, nervous and immune systems. With great therapeutic potential, the development of new NO donor compounds would be of great medicinal value, potentially opening a whole class of drugs to be used to treat various ailments. This project studies a specific class of compounds, substituted cyclic oxime ethers, which have proven to be useful intermediates in fields such as medicine and biochemistry. The cyclic structure along with a determinable substitutable group at the C3 position is highly valuable, as it allows the oxime ether to act as a convenient precursor for a variety of useful products, playing key components in many drugs. And with a substituted nitrate group, which is an O-nucleophile, the oxime ether has the potential to become an NO-donor, and hence become a possible intermediate in a wide array of NO donor drugs. Co(NO)3 was used in the synthesis of the cyclic oxime ether, directly from a phenyl substituted bis(oxy)enamine intermediate, producing an entirely new compound: α-hydroxyoxime nitrates, the oxime ether being substituted with a nitrate group. This new reaction of the synthesis of α-hydroxyoxime nitrates was further studied for optimization purposes, in order to open a new class of NO donor precursors. In addition, other nucleophiles were also explored in this class of reactions, forming important bonds such as C-N and C-S bonds, with key structures for other types of synthesis intermediates and precursors. Different metal nitrates, or various other nucleophiles in place of the nitrates, were used in reaction with bis(oxy)enamine, and the yield and structure of the final products were determined by NMR spectra. Successful optimization of the synthesis of α-hydroxyoxime nitrates has been achieved, where the conditions for optimum synthesis involve using Cr(NO3)3•9H2O which achieved a high yield of 76%, dissolved in THF with the bis(oxy)enamine starting compound. It has been determined that the metal in the salt affects the reaction pathway, as the nature of the metal cation affects its efficiency to cleave the N-O bond in the starting compound (with d-block elements being the best performing), and H+ ions can promote the reaction as well. Also, the reaction proceeds with different types of bis(oxy)enamines, meaning the substrate scope can be expanded to give a variety of products. The reaction can also proceed to form other products with different nucleophiles other than the nitrate group, where the C-N and C-S bonds were successfully formed in the reactions from bis(oxy)enamine to oxime ether. Thus, this class of reaction in converting the bis(oxy)enamine to a cyclic oxime ether has potentially opened a new class of NO donor compounds, and further possesses the potential to form a wide variety of products to be used in other important synthesis procedures.

本實驗主要針對邵氏姬針蟻(H. sauteri）的進擊行為以及特殊的畜牧行為(concealed behavior)進行探討。在實驗的過程中發現邵氏姬針蟻(H. sauteri）在遇上不同種的螞蟻時，會出現不同的進擊模式：分巢式進擊、漸進式進擊、一般式進擊。邵氏姬針蟻(H. sauteri）在攻擊其他螞蟻種類後，會將職蟻屍體做為食物，儲存在蟻巢中，一般肉食螞蟻不會發生類似情形。 有別於一般蟻種俘虜行為中的蓄奴行為(slave-making behavior)，邵氏姬針蟻出現的畜牧行為較接近多數胡蜂科(Vespidae)、鈎土蜂科(Tiphiidae)、泥蜂科(Sphecidae)寄生蜂(parasitoids)所具有的寄生行為(parasitical behavior)。實驗中更發現邵氏姬針蟻(H. sauteri）在搶奪蓬萊點琉璃蟻(B. wroughtoni)幼蟲時，會以螫針螫刺幼蟲，注入毒液，造成被俘虜的蓬萊點琉璃蟻幼蟲的背血管(heart)收縮頻率下降及限制幼蟲行動等狀況。在畜牧行為發生後，邵氏姬針蟻不會將幼蟲照顧至羽化，反倒將幼蟲作為食物進食。另外，邵氏姬針蟻還可依據幼蟲表面碳氫化合物的不同來辨別不同狀況下的幼蟲。 本研究首次記錄邵氏姬針蟻(H. sauteri）進食職蟻屍體、儲存食物行為，更首次於螞蟻中記錄到邵氏姬針蟻類似寄生蜂寄生的特殊畜牧行為。

After reading “CKSH Communication 20 “, we are interested in Question 5 . We try to explain that in all the No. Crunches, whether we can put the numbers in the No. Crunches any certain position. We specify the question, according to the “Point Symmitry Homing” in mxn No. Crunches, to find the correlated characters of the rules. Finally, we find a “switch” – we can get the better way to rotate the numbers quickly by some programs.從「建中通訊解題」第20 期第5 題出發，本研究嘗試去解釋對所有的數字轉盤而言，是否能將其中的數字歸位到任意指定的位置？接下來將題目特殊化，藉由m× n 數字轉盤的「點對稱歸位」，尋找遊戲規則衍生出的相關性質。最後，利用研究出的性質找到一個「判斷式」可藉由程式設計，快速的找到較佳轉法。