The purpose of this research was to investigate the most favourable salt concentration that promotes growth in the Lemna minor plant. Lemna minor, commonly known as lesser duckweed, is found growing among other aquatic plants or massed together in still or slow moving fresh water, such as ponds and lakes, in warmer regions around the world.

The purpose of research:Lies the importance of research in rationalizing the consumption of water during the irrigation of gardens, farms and green spaces. Where the world suffers from the problem of water scarcity, especially groundwater was the slogan of World Water Day in 2007 ((water scarcity)), and therefore we find through studies and scientific research that the world is suffering from a marked decrease in the water up to 30% and thus to drought. The one of the reports issued by the United Nations Environment Programme, that more than half the world's population will live during the next thirty years until in 2032, In areas suffering from water shortages, and West Asia, including the Arabian peninsula will be more areas suffering from water shortages, are expected to live about 90% of the population in areas suffering from water shortages in 2032. Steps of scientific research: Theme: the rationalization of water consumption in irrigation How can rationalize water consumption and maintenance? How to benefit from raw materials to the environment be friends of the environment and water? How to maintain in our hemisphere is suffering from the problems of pollution? R: field environment Compile information: Started to develop the idea of working model in detail (scientific deliberate scheme) of the parts used in the rationalization process model and then work on the ground. Forming hypotheses, research and analysis of information: Assume that the flow of water through the faucet immediately for a period of one minute quantity of 2 liters permission when using pregled control the flow of water and a minute amount of water will be 0.2 liter. Suppose that the system used in the rationalization process is linked with the timing of rush hour drops of water every minute and measuring the quantity flowing from the pipeline, we find it 2 / 10 from the amount of water flowing from the tap directly. Procedures used: Been working model ready by using the following tools: Ban small-sized water Basin water model using plastic-coated shell and clay. Wall hours with wire sensitive prove on the basis of hours rolled aluminium conductor of electricity affected debates clock Plastic trees. Electricity wires - the context of an electric effort to 220 volts. The idea of working model: Labour deliver electric power 220 volts. Scorpion am touching on the sensitive installed base pm (aluminium foil) relates to the electric dynamo worked on the flow of water to the delicate moment senses only wait until touching once again to work regularly. Conclusion: Conclude that the rationalization of water consumption by 90% during irrigate parks and green spaces and farms. Perception of the future work: Research can be developed so that rationalization for more than a minute using the control and distance.

NO.60-03 2021 JUN | 科學研習期刊目錄 本期專題 生物多樣性 虎斑烏賊的攝食決策研究 | 郭子新、焦傳金 昆蟲多樣性的本質與價值 | 楊正澤 「蜂」潮：蜜蜂生態教育與實踐 | 蔡明憲 向海致敬與學習:探究章魚哥家族 | 李孟芳 教學現場 偏鄉教學：昆蟲主題之跨領域大單元課程實施 | 陳采如、楊正澤、楊清豐 融入地方知識與原住民文化的淡水魚STEAM課程 | 童琳茜 夜訪大自然之夜間生態觀察 | 湯谷明 花非花、果非果—親子觀察植物形態 | 王美芬 科學新知 聆聽火星內部的迴響 | 吳育雅 哺乳類秘史 | 謝秉璋、謝甫宜 特約專欄 以珍古德傳記繪本初探跨領域和跨議題教學 | 劉淑雯、孫郁雯 歷史與現代結合-戰國弩STEAM高中教學課程 | 楊佩臻、丁于真、黃琴扉 森棚教官數學題—黑白毛毛蟲 | 游森棚 科普活動報導 科普旅遊實務初探-以在水一方為例 | 陳正治、蘇明俊 科教館GO好玩 創新科學演示設計探討以｢七上八下｣演示為例 | 陳香微 總召集人的話 氣候變遷對人類生存的影響正逐漸浮現，最近大家面臨疫情、缺水、兩次分區停電之苦，然而糧食也將會是個問題；也因為有好的科學教育，可以辨別是哪些人在胡說八道。這一期的主題是生物多樣性，雖然生物也是我們食物鏈裡的一個大宗，昆蟲食譜也是未來亟待開發的蛋白質來源。單從生物的各式超能力以及精采研究，這一期沒空談吃的，但也絕對精彩可期， 生物多樣性主題 烏賊會不會斤斤計較? 研究成果甫登上紐約時報的焦傳金教授，透過有系統的精巧試驗，來讓測試烏賊對不同價值狀態的不同反應，來說明烏賊也懂相對價值，非常值得學習。昆蟲佔動物種數的 75~80 ％，要理解昆蟲多樣性的本質與價值，可以透過文章(變異與演化、非物質與物質的啟發)對應到楊正澤教授精彩的一段”繁茂生命樹，百變昆蟲族，人類自省悟，自然得救贖。昆蟲大家族，敦親動植物，美哉小身影，征服跨水陸。體分頭胸腹，飛行有四翅，移行有六足，銼吮刺吸咀。視聽嗅氣息，騙逃嚇攻擊，越洋大遷徙，生存求第一。”絕對讓人有感。植物設法招蜂引蝶為的是授粉，傳宗接代；我們看到的嗡嗡嗡的一定是蜜蜂嗎?虎頭蜂也跟蜜蜂一樣會授粉嗎?有蜜蜂世界才是彩色的，對蜜蜂要有深入的認識才能知道這讓世界如何多采多姿；了解蜜蜂面對的氣候變遷以及環境用藥的危機，地球可能會變成黑白的嗎? 章魚有多重要?「神鬼奇航」、「海綿寶寶-章魚哥」及「尋找多麗」，甚至連世界盃足球賽的輸贏，都要先請「章魚保羅」都有章魚的身影，章魚隨環境的變色能力、模仿章魚腕的柔軟機器手臂有可能發展嗎?澎湖章魚有甚麼重要? 又您可以分辨烏賊、透抽(小卷)、魷魚、目斗仔跟章魚嗎? 教學現場 科教館的愛迪生計畫持續在許多偏鄉地區執行，熱血的中興大學教授也規劃以昆蟲為主題的跨領域科學課程，與南投縣秀林國小合作，以校園昆蟲生態特色出發，昆蟲學基礎課程加上以蟋蟀鳴蟲聲音行為特性及其鄉土文化特色編寫適用於該校的輔助教學教案；想了解大學跟國小是如何合作的嗎? 除了夜宿博物館、夜間動物園之外，夜間的生態觀察是非常精彩的，可以看到東方水蠊、盲蛛、蟾蜍等等，可以在校園、農田或樹林進行；透過觀察、提問、邏輯思考等過程建立參與者的信心以及拉近他們跟生物間的距離，打破原先的成見(如蟾蜍皮有毒嗎?)，都是值得學習的。需要打破成見的還有常見的九重葛跟聖誕紅的變態葉讓我們誤以為是花，那真的花在哪裡?竹子是草本植物、台灣欒樹的果實會被誤以為是花、無花果和榕樹的果實都是一堆小花集合成長而成的；花非花、果非果，觀察時有正確的觀念可以避免許多迷思以及添加趣味性。生態的觀察如果還可以結合文化甚至建構STEAM課程，那您還可以放過這篇文章嗎? 透過檢視洄游魚類來檢測環境指標，認識魯凱部落淡水魚，從捕撈、漁具、魚藤捕魚法到漁拓及科學繪圖，都融入「魯凱淡水魚行動展示箱」的課程設計之中，跨域整合科學、科技、工程、藝術與數學。 科學新知 什麼!火星聽診器?跟地球聽診器一樣，透過地震儀接收地震波並解鎖地球內部的震波速率變化；你想知道火星內部的深層構造嗎?洞察號如何在火星上裝置火震儀，會遇到甚麼問題?有什麼可能的解決方案? 你知道哺乳類的前身嗎? 科學研究一直發現新的事證，不斷的在推翻以前的看法，我們今天看到的可能一陣子之後又被新的發現所推翻；從化石不同部位的演化推論出不同的前世，這些美麗的過程可以在這一期看到。 特約專欄 繪本給的想像及吸引力對於兒童學習科學知識有相當的功效，您一定認識珍古德，她是在叢林中長大的嗎?她在叢林中有那些冒險故事?如何連結學生有限的生活經驗? 結合戰國弩或是投石器的歷史、文化與新設計對於學生學習以及STEAM教學上可以提供的範例，都是有志STEAM教學時可以學習的典範。黑白毛毛蟲是這期文章中我第一篇看的，馬上回憶排列組合；但是最快的方法還是土法煉鋼的全部排出來，森棚老師真的顧及到不同層面的讀者。 科普活動報導 科學旅遊是個新興產業，如何以科學為主體結合現地及文化做有深度的旅遊，是很值得討論如何拿捏的；知識性太高，感覺玩起來無趣；娛樂性太高，又覺得沒有一般的旅遊好玩；未來希望有更多的討論可以吸引更多人的投入。 科教館GO好玩 如果您知道科教館的歷史就應該知道這裡有著科學演示的藏經閣掃地僧，透過對「七上八下」的解構，與讀者分享科學演示的設計。 總召編輯委員 - 李旺龍 關於本刊 出版單位：國立臺灣科學教育館 發行人：劉火欽 總召集人：李旺龍 編輯委員： 物理科吳仲卿/陳耀榮/李柏翰/盧玉玲 | 化學科古建國/許良榮/王伯昌/林如章/周金城 | 生物科王美芬/蕭世輝/陳建志/郭淑妙 | 地球科學許民陽/王郁軒/李文禮/謝隆欽 科技科張玉山/汪殿杰/林育沖/趙珩宇 | 數學科李源順/鄧家駿/溫世展/張宮明 | 跨領域學科李名揚/連信仲 | 特約專欄 游森棚/黃琴扉/陳正改/劉淑雯 策劃：曾聰邦 主編：吳中益 本月專題特約主編：王美芬 編輯：佟冠誼 網頁設計編輯：施曉恬 投稿規範請來信詢問：article@mail.ntsec.gov.tw

Synthesis of halooximes has attracted much attention given their importance as precursors to proline derivatives1, unnatural amino acids2 and a host of alkaloids3. Halooximes have numerous industrial and biological applications 4, for example oxime ethers increases specific channel opening activities, acting as potential targets in drug treatment for various diseases 5, most adrenergic β-receptor blocking compounds also conform to the structure of oxime ethers 6. They also have vitro antifungal activities against certain plants7. A known method for the synthesis of 3 using Me3SiX as a Lewis acid, via intermediate enamines with acyclic/ cyclic bis(oxy)enamines, gives yields between 21-68%. Low yield stems from lack of reaction specificity2. In this work, we investigate coupling nitrogen-oxides with CoBr2 to synthesise halooximes in high yield. Initial cyclic/ acyclic bis(oxy)enamines were prepared by reacting 1 equiv. nitro compound with 2.4 equiv. in excess of dichloromethane under argon atmosphere at a temperature of 0ºC. 2.2 equiv. of TMS-Br was further added and left to stir till thermal equilibrium with room conditions. The cyclic/ acyclic bis(oxy)enamine was isolated upon aqueous work-up, filtration and evaporation. Synthesis of halooximes was carried out by reacting 8mL to 1mmol equiv. of THF and 2 equiv. of CoBr2 under argon atmosphere and left to stir till CoBr2 dissolves. 2mL to 1mmol equiv. of CH2Cl2 was added to 1 equiv. of bis(oxy)enamines. The reaction mixture was left to stir at room temperature for 2 hours, after which aqueous work-up, filtration and evaporation were carried out. Our results are summarized in Table 1. We also obtained relatively high percentage yields for the direct synthesis of bromooximes from cyclic nitronates via a one-pot procedure: Low yield stems from lack of reaction specificity2. In this work, we investigate coupling nitrogen-oxides with CoBr2 to synthesise halooximes in high yield. Initial cyclic/ acyclic bis(oxy)enamines were prepared by reacting 1 equiv. nitro compound with 2.4 equiv. in excess of dichloromethane under argon atmosphere at a temperature of 0ºC. 2.2 equiv. of TMS-Br was further added and left to stir till thermal equilibrium with room conditions. The cyclic/ acyclic bis(oxy)enamine was isolated upon aqueous work-up, filtration and evaporation. Synthesis of halooximes was carried out by reacting 8mL to 1mmol equiv. of THF and 2 equiv. of CoBr2 under argon atmosphere and left to stir till CoBr2 dissolves. 2mL to 1mmol equiv. of CH2Cl2 was added to 1 equiv. of bis(oxy)enamines. The reaction mixture was left to stir at room temperature for 2 hours, after which aqueous work-up, filtration and evaporation were carried out. Our results are summarized in Table 1. We also obtained relatively high percentage yields for the direct synthesis of bromooximes from cyclic nitronates via a one-pot procedure:

A total of 64 nonduplicate isolates of erythromycin-resistant (MIC, >1 μg/ml) Streptococcus pyogenes collected from 1979 to 2003 in Taiwan were evaluated. They were collected from three cohort period: 1979 –1989, 1990-1999 and after 2000. The in vitro activities of 10 antimicrobial agents were determined by the agar dilution method. Penicillin, cephalothin, cefotaxime, vancomycin, and ofloxacin were shown to be active against S. pyogenes isolates (100% sensitive). Erythromycin and azithromycin both had poor activities (MIC50s, 16 and >128 μg/ml, respectively; MIC90s, >512 and >128 μg/ml, respectively). The activities of tetracycline, clindamycin, and chloramphenicol against a significant number of these isolates were also limited. Among the 64 S. pyogenes isolates, 58% had constitutive resistance [cMLS], 40% had an M phenotype and 2% had an iMLS phenotype (inducible resistance [iMLS]). A substantial upsurge in the incidence of M phenotype erythromycin-resistant isolates was found with time for S. pyogenes (10% in 1979–1989, 48% in 1990–1999 and 65% after 2000). The erythromycin resistance genes in 64 isolates of the different cohorts were investigated by PCR. All cMLS phenotype isolates tested had ermB gene. The M phenotype isolates had only the macrolide efflux (mefA) gene. This study shows the secular changes of increasing susceptibility of S. pyogenes isolates to both erythromycin and clindamycin in Taiwan. The mechanisms of erythromycin resistance have changed from the predominance of ermB gene (cMLS) to mefA gene (M phenotype). 本研究是探討台灣自1970 年代末期以來不同世代A群鏈球菌菌株對紅黴素的抗藥性及抗藥基因特徵的演變。研究者收集台灣二十年前(1980 年代前後，第一世代)、十年前(1990 年代，第二世代)、)及最近(2000 年以後，第三世代)之A 群鏈球菌菌株共64 株，利用抗生素圖譜和雙藥錠擴散測試及聚合?連鎖反應(PCR)、和脈衝式膠體電泳研究A 群鏈球菌對紅黴素抗藥性的表現型及基因型特徵。結果發現第一世代的A 群鏈球菌對紅黴素最小抑菌濃度(MIC)值相當高，幾乎都是>512 μg/ml，90%為多重抗藥菌株。第二世代則相對有降低，在第三世代此現象更明顯，多重抗藥菌株為30%。在雙藥錠擴散測試結果，從第一世代來看cMLS 佔大多數(90%)，M 型佔10%；第二世代cMLS 及M 型相當分別佔52%及48%；第三世代主要為M 型佔65%，cMLS 佔30%，iMLS 佔5%。利用PCR研究紅黴素抗藥性基因發現所有cMLS 菌株皆有ermB 基因，所有M 型菌株皆有mefA 基因，iMLS 菌株則有ermTR 基因。由本研究顯示在台灣A 群鏈球菌對紅黴素之抗藥性隨著不同世代有逐年改善之趨勢，由MIC50的降低可看出，菌株對紅黴素的敏感性提高，可為臨床治療之參考。

In this work, techniques to explore the capabilities of multi-walled carbon nanotubes\r (MWNTs) in sorting nanoparticles (NPs) were presented. A droplet of a solution comprising of quantum dots (QDs) with various sizes was deposited on an aligned array of intertwined MWNTs. Photoluminescence (PL) and fluorescence microscopy (FM) revealed that MWNTs were effective nano-sieves that could effectively sort out QDs with a size difference of ~ 2.1 nm.\r Cadmium Selenide/Zinc Sulfide (CdSe/ZnS)core-shell QDs and Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) QDs were used to explore whether chemical properties of NPs affect the sieving capability of MWNTs. Further investigation on the effects of micro-patterning on the sieving ability of MWNTs was also carried out.PL and FM results suggested that micro-patterning could aid in separation of QDs and thus improve sieving capability of MWNTs. With the above findings, QDs emitting different colors as a result of size difference could efficiently be assembled onto the MWNTs en route to three-dimensional architectures with controlled assembly of NPs.\r Together with controlled laser power to remove desired amounts of QDs decorated MWNTs, a multi-colored display could be achieved. Further experiments were also carried out to determine the feasibility of introducing MWNTs as filters for NPs. Dilute solutions containing NPs such as gold colloid was run through these MWNTs filters by gravity. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images of the samples showed that MWNTs were successful in trapping the nanoparticles. Explorations into the length dependent effect of using MWNTs as filters, suggested that 300μm MWNTs are better nano-sieves compared to 50μm MWNTs.

1. Purpose of the research Implement injector tester and timer button in mechanical, electrical for Correct Use Hypothesis: if humans contribute to the contamination of unconsciously by technological convenience. Give solution with the same! 2. Procedures Needed human and material resources. Besides a ventilated area with excellent ventilation. Having basic knowledge of electricity and automobile electrical systems. 3. Data This device is intended total replacement bulbs and multimeters tests relating to auto injectors of this system is important since in automotive history have been looking for improvements, part of technological development and of necessity, be have been implemented in complex systems such as electronic fuel injection, but what if our system does not work properly? Humans would contribute to contamination of the ozone layer, this natural process accelerate global warming. Hey there a social problem today becomes a global problem. Here we can see that, sophisticated equipment, are of little technical solution with a higher cost. Not to mention that the technician who works on the vehicle: save time in making a diagnosis which will be successful. 4. Conclusions The solution: provide the necessary equipment that is available to countries that do not have low resource enough. Through a reliable and safe product for the sole purpose of showing that young researchers are able to provide improved technology in the automotive industry with no expectation of this project. You should use this factor as important in society: it is the technology for the environment thereby demonstrates the certainty of our hypothesis.

Color is not a physical quantity, but it is a characteristic of spectra. Traditionally spectra of light sources are characterized by the wavelengths and intensities of the spectral lines. We propose an alternative way of charactering spectra using colors. Using digital cameras, convex lens, and a 600 Lines/mm grating, we design a “Digital Spectrophotometer” (Pic.1), which uses no light sensors and electrical circuits that are necessary for conventional spectrometers. To analyze a spectrum using the “Digital Spectrophotometer”, we take digital images of the diffracted light through the grating emitted by the light source and then analyze the intensity distribution of the color components of the spectral lines. The structure of the “Digital Spectrophotometer” is simple and is easy to operate. The Digital Spectrophotometer includes a computer software program we have developed called the “Digital Spectrological Method”. After enlarging the digital spectrographs to a mosaic scale and regards each mosaic as a basic color block, the Digital Spectrological Method will transform every color block into a four dimensional “color coordinates” (λ (wavelength), R(red), G(green), B(blue)), where the coordinateλ is translated from the spatial position of the spectral line and the R, G, and B coordinates specifies respectively the corresponding intensity of the red, green, and blue color components. Comparing the “color coordinates” of the unknown light sources to the known, we can easily identify the wavelengths of the lights emitted by the unknown illuminant precisely. We have accomplished the following experiments by using the “Digital Spectrophotometer”: 1. Measure the spectra of various gaseous atoms, and establish the “database of digital spectra in color coordinates” (DDSCC). 2. Compare the characters of color presentation between digital camera images and positive film of the optical camera. 3. Identify the absorption spectrum of the Solar spectrum (Fraunhofer Lines) using the DDSCC. 4. Analyze the Orion αandβ spectrum using the DDSCC. 5. Identify the 589.0 and 589.6 nm wavelength difference between the “Double Lines of sodium spectrum”. 6. Measure the range of wavelength of the colored LED and register the results into the (λ, R, G, B) coordinates. 7. Compare the range of wavelength of He-Ne Laser and commercial Laser pointer. 8. Measure the Zeeman splitting of the hydrogen atom spectrum at 0.5 Tesla. 顏色雖不是物理量，卻是光譜的特性，傳統上對光譜的分析只記錄波長及對應的強度，而非以顏色來區分。我們運用數位相機、凸透鏡及600 條/㎜光柵，設計一個以顏色成分為標準來分析各類光譜的「數位攝譜儀」(Pic.1)。這個新的設計無須使用傳統光譜儀所需之光感應器及電路設計，只需拍攝光源透過光柵的繞射影像即可分析對應之光譜。我們製作的「數位攝譜儀」包含了一個自行設計的電腦軟體程式「數位光譜分析法」；將拍攝到光譜數位影像放大成「馬賽克」，作為光譜的最小「色塊」，該程式可將每個色塊轉換為一組四維的「顏色座標」 (λ (波長)，R(紅)，G(綠)，B(藍))，其中的λ 座標係由光譜線的位置轉換而來，而紅、綠、藍座標則記錄對應的紅、綠、藍色成分強度。與已知光源譜線的「顏色座標」比較，「數位攝譜儀」可精確測量各種未知光源放射出的光波波長且操作方便。利用「數位攝譜儀」的數位分析方法，我們完成以下實驗：1. 測量不同種類的原子光譜，建立「數位光譜資料庫」，包括氫、汞及鈉原子。2. 比較數位相機影像與光學相機正片的色彩顯影。3. 利用「數位光譜資料庫」，鑑定太陽光譜中的吸收光譜(Fraunhofer Lines)。4. 利用「數位光譜資料庫」，分析獵戶座α、β的可見光光譜。5. 鑑別波長589.0、589.6 奈米的鈉雙線。6. 用顏色座標(λ,R,G,B)測量發光二極體的波長範圍。7. 比較He-Ne 雷射與雷射光筆放光的波長範圍，發現市售雷射光筆所放之光並非單頻。

Non-biodegradable waste materials like discarded polybags, rubber bottles, broken buckets and sachet water bags constitute a serious environmental problem all over the world. Several steps have been taken to eliminate these waste materials. Burning of these non-biodegradable waste in an incineration only constitute environmental pollution as poisonous gases are release to the environment which are hazardous to lives. The purpose of developing this catalytic conversion of non-biodegradable waste material into fuel is to remove the problem non-biodegradable waste materials poses in its disposal as well as obtaining a precious end product that will supplement fuel supply. Dump side lands that would have been used for dumping waste is also reclaimed. The procedure and chemistry is from the fact that Non-biodegradable waste materials are composes of long chain hydrocarbon. Some are made of polymeric units like polythene. The materials are heated in a closed vessel with coal and a catalyst. Heating is done progressively until condensate from gaseous product is obtained. This condensate is wide range of liquid fuel (Diesel and petrol) including LPG ranges. Further separation processing will give pure product of the different fuel liquids. The Apparatus consist of a cylindrical cooking vessel heated by coal furnace or other heat source like LPG, the vessel is made of steal. The upper side of the vessel provide an outlet vent to connect condensing section/condenser which is required for the conversion of gaseous form of product into liquid state. The fuel produce can find it application in the following areas; Heating of kiln in the cement company, Heating of boilers and Domestic lighting.

Purpose of the research Experiments were performed to determine if the frequencies of the colours of pigment differ from the frequencies of the colours of filtered light. The third experiment was performed to determine whether the different colours of filtered light have an influence on plant growth. Procedures Experiments I and II were performed in sunlight and the temperatures of different colours of paper, as well as a white paper underneath different colours of transparencies, were measured by means of an infrared thermometer. The Stefan-Boltzmann equation was used for calculations. Experiment III was performed by placing ten spinach seedlings under each of the Code 40 red, green, blue and black/white shade nets. The control, 10 spinach seedlings, had no Code 40 shade net covering. All these spinach seedlings were grown under similar conditions and harvested after 4 weeks. Data In Experiment I the yellow paper was the only colour that did not perform according to the sequence of the white light spectrum (ROYGBIV). The temperature of the different colours of paper determined the amount of energy that was re-emitted. In Experiment II it was determined that the primary colours red, green and blue, as well as yellow of the filtered light, performed according to the white light spectrum. In Experiment III the spinach plants underneath the blue shade net have the highest average fresh mass (g), as well as the largest average leaf area (cm2), while the spinach plants underneath the red shade net have the lowest average fresh mass (g), as well as the smallest average leaf area (cm2). Conclusions In Experiment I the primary colours of the white light spectrum are red, green and blue. When red and green are combined, yellow is obtained. Therefore the temperature of the yellow paper was lower than expected, because only blue light was absorbed, while red, green and yellow light were reflected. In Experiment II all the colours of the transparencies performed according to ROYGBIV. By comparing the amount of energy of the colours of pigment to the colours of the filtered white light spectrum, it became apparent that there is a difference between the frequencies of the colours of pigment and the frequencies of the colours of filtered white light spectrum.

Within the framework of the new educational model for mathematics based on constructivism, results are presented of the design, application, and evaluation processes of a series of didactic sequences aimed at developing the student’s abilities for problem solving as part of the geometry curriculum for technological preparatory schools, using the Cabri-Geometre II software. In this case, subjects of study were ten newly enrolled students from CETis 18 preparatory school in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico. The theoretical basis for this work is the constructivist approach, mainly emphasizing Mashbits views (1997) regarding problem solving. This didactic proposal was longitudinally applied in a quasi-experimental qualitative design under the following analysis categories: problem solving skills and the impact of Cabri- Geometre II in geometry learning. Recognizing the potentiality this research can have with the proper follow-up, it is intended to include it in the preparatory school curricula. For this purpose, teachers should be trained to focus their work on learning instead of on teaching. As a result of this, designing educational programs will require for teachers to become more knowledgeable not only in discipline, but in the use of computer technology, the teaching process, learning, and the students themselves. The final objective of this project is to instill educators to play this new role. As a final point, conclusions on various psychological, pedagogical, and technological aspects are given placing emphasis on the creation of learning situations with their appropriate theoretical support. Using the Cabri-Geometre II as a resource, these situations will provide geometry teaching with a more dynamic and interesting concept applicable to real-life situations.

生態保護教育、維護自然環境生態是現今最熱門的話題，就近利用校園所擁有的已重新植栽原生物種之生態水池，開始進行現有物種紀錄與分析、水質分析。生態池藉由沉水植物的栽種、繁衍茂盛後，可為水中生物提供一個良好孵育的環境，所以紀錄了保育類的貢德氏赤蛙(Rana guentheri)、蓋斑鬥魚(Macropodus opercularis)，和台灣昔往溼地之台灣萍蓬草(Nuphar shimadai Hayata，水蓮花)、大安水簑衣(Hygroghila pogonocalyxHayata)。根據目前已記錄之數據應可知：本校生態池物種豐富度相當高。生態池水質仍算穩定－酸鹼值維持在 7.0~7.2 之間，顯示生態池的緩衝能力高。而高階消費者－鳳頭蒼鷹(Accipitertrivergatus)的出現，顯示本校附近生態體系的健全與穩定！最終期待－－生態池成為學子們快樂天堂：萬紫千紅之四季面貌的改變、戲水、戲蝶、再發現新紀錄…達到生態永續經營與生命教育傳承。