此研究是探討在目前全球因聖嬰現象後北極暖化，造成溫度持續在三十年內以每年上升攝氏零點五度，目前多數資料以顯示，對於地球內的生物生態產生了微妙的變化，在本文中將引述著名雜誌─科學人雜誌所刊登之關於全球暖化造成的生態環境影響；然而早在三億五千萬年前就已存在地球上的古老生物─蟑螂，順利的度過了多次的大滅絕，走過冥霜與煉獄。但是否會因為暖化作用而造成其生態影響呢？他又會不會成為少數存留並且大量繁殖的征服者呢？所以我們開始查詢白堊紀之資料，在研究、討論並製作改造完成實驗室氣溫控制冷熱溫差調節器，並從專業研究蟑螂生態的業界專業實驗室取得同一時期的實驗蟑螂物種，以期待本實驗更能具有更高的正確可信度；於特殊自行改造的觀察箱內進行整個實驗，已改變溫度並測量其進食狀況，瞭解蟑螂在溫度變化下的生態狀況。\r \r It’s easy to find the cockroach at any corner, such as school or house. They also hide in the refrigerator and stove.Thus,we are curious why they have durable vitality. This is the reason why we want to uncover the mysterious veil. According to data, we are curious about the environment of the cockroach and the temperature.Therefore,we want to imitate the situation of the ecosystem temperature at that time and inquire into its mystery. The purpose of Research is to make the violent changes, then discussing the meal which has attained its biggest existence rate. This uncontrolled experiment will influence the accuracy by factors.Therefore,we go to visit the laboratory personally and obtain some species of cockroach. Through the professional explanation and introductions, we make sure the direction of this experiment further. In this experiment we measure their appetite and the controls of the temperature everyday. They almost can crawl quickly along any material. We adopt the professional suggestion to measure with CO2 and O2.When the cockroach inhales CO2,we can observe the construction of the each part carefully. Through long-term observation, the food of the cockroach decreases, when the temperature rises to 20.6℃ or declines to 16.3℃,and it will stop moving when the temperature rises to 31.8℃ or declines to 8.7℃. When the temperature rises rapidly or reduce more than 15℃,the cockroach will look for shelter. Besides they easily get fainted when cockroach inhales CO2 without soil. The dinosaur were all buried underground, but why can the cockroach survive up to now? Probably, large land is their savior! Our conclusion is (1)The temperature that cockroach can exist from 49℃ to 3℃.(2)The suitable environment of cockroach growth is between 28.5℃ and 25℃.(3)The cockroach maintains their existence by eating under the low temperature 20℃ to 15 ℃.(4)Above 32℃ and under 7℃ the antenna is close to ground, its life is weaker.(5)The cockroach almost can live at any dilemma. But it can’t keep the prosperous life when it’s short of water.(6)From the above cockroach will be king of the world forever.

The paper represents the results of study of remains of mammalians which inhabited the Adycha-River basin (Verkhoyansky Region) during the Pleistocene Epoch. All studied materials belong to the Museum of Paleontology and Ethnography of the Adychinskaya Secondary School. For a long time, People have been finding ancient animal bones on the Adycha-River banks, and since 1955, the teacher, Bozhedonov Nikolai Gerasimovich, has been organizing exploring local lore expeditions for school children purposed for mammoth fauna investigation and material collection for the school museum. In this research collected material was classified, measurements of the Pleistocene Period animal bones were made. On the basis of it we came to conclusion that during the Pleistocene Epoch, very rare species of animals inhabited the Adycha-River basin. To our opinion, the Adycha-River basin is a unique site for research activity. Comparative measurements of the Pleistocene Periods animal bones were made. Of flu work we know measurements of the Early and Middle Pleistocene Period elephant’s bones which inhabited the Adycha-River basin. Elephants inhabited with mammoth. To our opinion, they didn’t yield to size to mammoth. In that time the Adycha-River basin, was been inhabited by camelopard, bison and Soergelia.\r Museum has 2 skull’s fragments and ovibos fronts part of horny stream. Geological age which is Early Pleistocene or late Pleistocene. These bones concern to Praeovibos. Distance between horns is more 100 mm. If we compare with ovibos skull of the Late Pleistocene we see that distance between horns is longer for the 10 time. We couldn’t found such comparisons at scientist’s works. It results that the more distance between horns is longer the more ancient, and skull’s sizes are much less.\r 7-8 km lower of Betenkes, in disclosing “?????? ???????” and sand bank “??????”, was been founded 3 crag’s part of skull of Soergelia, metacarpal bone and 2 skull’s fragments with horns part. On the Adycha-River basin was bun founded above all quantity of soergelias remains.\r In the Pleistocene Period inhabited a lot of horses. Which remains he have now. Our horse’s height in crest is from 142 to 156 sm. And what about of horses of the Early Pleistocene, it is more than 230 sm.\r Molar teeth of the Early Pleistocene Epoch horse are more for the 2.5 times than of contemporaneous analog.

車輛遭竊以及酒醉駕車對社會安全造成的危害普遍存在於世界各先進國家。以目前看來，此問題並非嚴刑峻罰就能解決的。若本研究計畫將來普及應用於大眾，必定可以同時減少車輛遭竊之機會和預先防範酒醉者開車駕駛。 生物特徵泛指指紋、虹膜、臉型、聲紋甚至DNA 等等，它的特性即每個人均具有此獨一無二的性徵，加以應用就如同無法被仿造或偷竊的身分證明。若車主能利用自己的生物特徵為車輛上鎖，即可防止車輛遭竊。 視覺密碼學是屬於資訊隱藏技術的一種，藉由兩張以上的影像疊合後呈現其中隱藏之機密資料。雖然視覺密碼學原先純粹是為了加密資料，但我們將之加以修改，設計出複雜且無意義的偽裝影像，使其不易被酒醉後神智不清的人疊合成功而讀出其中的加密資料。 結合生物特徵及視覺密碼學，即可設計出一套可安裝於車上的系統，不僅防止車輛失竊又能防止酒醉駕車事故的發生。 ;The damage which is caused to social security by car stealing and drunk driving universally exist in others developed countries. As things are, these problems can not be solved by severe law. If our project can be applied in the masses extensively, it must be able to prevent both car stealing and drunk driving. Roughly speaking, biological characteristics mean fingerprint, iris, face, pronunciation and DNA. Their uniqueness is a special feature that everyone has. If we can apply it more, the characteristics are identification that can not be imitated or stolen. If the car owner can use his or her biological characteristics to lock the car, the car stealing could be prevented. Visual cryptography belongs to a kind of information hiding. By stacking two or more images, user can recognize the secret information hiding in the stacking. Although visual cryptography is merely created for encryption at first, we modify it and design a complex as well as meaningless stego-image. That makes the unconscious driver who is drunk fail to both stack the images and recognize the secret information hiding inside. We combine biological characteristics with visual cryptography and design a suit of system that is able to install in the car. This system can prevent not only car stealing but also drunk driving.

In this research we derived heating effects on anti-oxidation by optical rotation analyses. A simple and accurate Polarimeter was devised with polar screens, laser, and photo resistor; the laser was used for light source, and the photo resistor for detection. Four kind of fruits, Hyloceeus polyrhizus, California plum, kiwi and tomato were experimented by heating them in boiling water and microwave oven. Their optical rotations versus time duration were calculated. Then we used ABTS/ the H2O2/HRP analysis system from Arnao's research to obtain the heating effects on anti-oxidation by calculating the vitamin C densities versus lag time. We found that there was a tendency of increased anti-oxidation at the beginning by heating, but decreased afterwards. Better oxidation was achieved by using microwave for Hyloceeus polyrhizus, by using boiling water for kiwi and tomato, and by using both methods for California plum. The same tendency was also found in the optical rotation analyses. Therefore we successfully developed a new method to measure the antioxidant activities by the optical rotation. We can also apply this method to simulate the fruit digestion process in the stomach, which let us understand further about anti-oxidation ( or optical rotation ) versus time. 本研究利用偏振片、雷射光為光源、光敏電阻為偵測器，組裝成一個簡易且精確的旋光度計。 我們利用此旋光度計對奇異果、火龍果、聖女蕃茄、加州李子四種水果以微波、水煮及油浴三種方式來處理，求出水果的旋光度與熱處理時間的關係。再藉由Arnao 研究的ABTS/ H2O2/HRP 分析系統，以不同濃度的維生素C與延遲時間畫圖作為標準曲線來測量總抗氧化活性，並比較熱處理後抗氧化活性的變化趨勢。 透過本研究可以了解不同熱處理方式對四種水果之抗氧化活性初期皆有增加的趨勢，但隨著時間增長則抗氧化活性降低。其中奇異果與聖女蕃茄用油浴，火龍果用微波處理，加州李子則是用任何熱處理方式均可得較佳的抗氧化活性，而熱處理後在旋光度測量上也有相同的趨勢。因為此兩種方法有一致的反應趨勢，所以證明我們成功地開發出一種可以利用旋光度來測定抗氧化的新方法。 最後，應用本方法進一步模擬水果在胃部裡的消化，讓我們更可以了解在整個消化的過程中抗氧化活性(旋光度)隨時間變化的情形。

It is extremely costly to care for elderly people who have suffered a serious fall. Thus, doctors welcome a device or method to identify people prone to falling, to reduce elderly health costs and enable those identified as “fallers” to take precautions. Recently, a Sound Wave Assessment (SWA) device was developed to determine if tested human subjects were prone to falling. It is based on the concept that all humans exhibit postural sway while standing stationarily. The device employs two sonar transducers, which emit and receive ultrasonic pulse signals. The first transducer is positioned on a tripod, while the second is attached to the lower back of the human subject. Each transducer emits ultrasonic modulation pulses, which are detected by the other transducer. The distance between the two transducers is calculated from the time taken for the pulses to travel from the sender to the receiver. Hence, we can measure the small displacement fluctuations of the standing human subject, both approaching and receding from a static transducer, as a function of time.

Paralysis is a debilitating disorder that does not currently have safe and effective treatments. Implantable brain electrodes can be used to read brain waves and convert them into a corresponding motor function to restore movement in paralyzed patients. Tissue deformation induced around the implant site is believed to reduce their viability through the foreign body response. Developing electrodes that minimize deformation is challenging because the mechanical aspects of deformation are not fully understood and non-animal tissue models for testing electrodes are unavailable. Development of pre-clinical models for in vitro testing of the mechanical properties of electrodes can lead to a better understanding of this prevalent problem. The objective of this study was to construct a novel contrast-enhanced, brain mimicking hydrogel using photopolymerizable polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer that contains alginate microspheres with enclosed gadolinium (Gd) contrast agent. 1.5% alginate microspheres were constructed with enclosed Gd-DTPA-BSA contrast agent and successively added into 10% PEG. Then, this mixture was photopolymerized using a 5 mW/cm2UV lamp to result in a successful brain mimicking hydrogel. Rheological testing showed that its elastic modulus was approximately 1.5 kPa, which is similar to that of a normal human brain. The model is valuable because the presence of the contrast agent in the hydrogel resulted in distinct bright spots on the MRI. This can facilitate the visualization of tissue deformation caused by electrode insertion via comparison of pre-insertion and post-insertion images. This brain-mimicking model has the potential to improve understanding of neural deformation from electrode implants in order to assist patients suffering from paralysis.

在國中理化中提到，紅、藍、綠三原色光，吸收、混合後可以合成其他顏色的光。但實際上，單波長光的顏色；以及課本實驗中，藍光照在綠色片上所呈現的顏色偏差（藍綠色，非黑色），便無法以此理論解釋。因此本研究計畫藉由 SP20 分光光度計能在可見光範圍偵測樣品對各波長光線吸收度的功能。捨棄光的三原色過於簡化的說法，以實際測量各有色樣品（濾光片、化學藥品、噴墨印表機墨水、實際列印投影片）所得吸收度曲線圖，重新解釋顏色的呈現。了解顏色是人類對光的感覺，而不是光本身的性質。並在完成對彩色噴墨列印樣品吸收度的基本測試後，設計以印表機、軟體、墨水顏色、濃度深淺為變因、交互搭配的 334組實驗，比較印出成品的最大吸收度比例與原先在電腦中設定顏色濃淡比例的偏差值，找出最能真實列印出顏色濃淡的組合，實驗結果顯示：印表機方面：HP 670C、Epson Photo EX表現最佳。軟體方面：CorelDRAW，Photoshop，Photoimpact 表現平分秋色。

Generalized Petersen graph P(n,k)，定義為n 為不小於2 的整數以及1≤ k ≤ n−1，有頂點{ u0, u1, . . . , un−1, v0 , v1 , . . . , vn−1 }，及路徑{ uiui+1 , uivi , vivi+k：1≤ i ≤ n−1 }。在 [2] 中，我們可以知道P(n,5) 是Hamiltonian 等價於當n≠11。 在這一篇報告中，我們證明當generalized Petersen graph P(n,5) 是hyper Hamiltonian（一種Hamiltonian graph 再去掉任何一點後，仍然是Hamiltonian graph）的充要條件是n 為不等於11 的奇數且n ≥ 7。 The generalized Petersen graph P(n,k), n ≥ 2 and 1≤ k ≤ n−1, has vertex-set { u0, u1, . . . , un−1, v0 , v1 , . . . , vn−1 } and edge-set { uiui+1 , uivi , vivi+k：1≤ i ≤ n−1 with subscripts reduced modulo n}. And we can know that P(n,5) is Hamiltonian if and only if n≠11 from [2].In this paper it is proved that generalized Petersen graph P(n,5) is Hyper Hamiltonian (A Hamiltonian graph can still be a Hamiltonian graph when any one of the nodes fault) if and only if n is odd and n≠11.

在哺乳動物裡，硫酸化是一種參與外來物解毒作用、內生組織的荷爾蒙調節、藥物代謝及膽汁解毒之重要路徑。其中， SULTZ ( hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase ）是能進行上述反應的酵素之一，為了對 SULTZ 的功能與早期發育所扮演的角色作進一步的研究，在本實驗中，我們以班馬魚為模式動物，希望藉由原位雜交法（ in situ hybridization ）找到 SULTZ 在班馬魚早期胚胎發育的 RNA 表現位置。由目前的實驗結果，發現從卵巢到1-cell、 dome 、 50 ％一 epiboly 、 12 小時，都可在胚胎細胞看到訊號表現 · 在 24 小時、 36 小時、 48 小時、 72 小時則可在脊椎兩側體節的肌肉、內胚層、嗅窩、頭部看到訊號表現，此外，在成腦的原位雜交染色結果中亦看到了訊號表現。由此可推論 SULTZ 在斑馬魚早期發育確實扮演了重要的角色。Sulphonation is an important pathway for detoxification of xenobioties, bile acids, drug metabolism, and the regulation of endogenous hormones. SULT2 (hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase) is one of the enzymes which catalyse sulphonation. Zebrafish has emerged as a popular animal model in recent years. Compared with other vertebrates, it provides advantages including ease to get embryos, rapid external development, virtually transparent embryos and ease of genetic manipulation. The above-mentioned strong points made zebrafish a good model animal for us to understand the function of SULT2 during early embryonic development. We performed in situ hybridization to find out the RNA expression of SULT2 during zerbrafish early development. According to our present results, we can detect expression signal on the edge of telencephalon and tectum opticum. the edge on the dorsal zone of corpus cerebelli and ventral zone of periventircular hypothalamus of the adult brain. Besides, we can observe signal evenly distributed in blastocytes of the embryo at 1-cell, dome. 50%-epiboly and 12 hours after fertilization. We also find signal on the muscle next to the spinal cord during the stages of 24, 36, 48 and 72hrs. There are also expressions on hypoblast of embryos at 24, 36 and 72hrs, the olfactory pit at 36 and 4hrs, and strong expression in head region at 48 and 72hrs. These results suggest that SULT2 may have some function at the early development of zebrafish.

目前市面上缺乏簡單而精準的過氧化氫檢測法，我們參考Fenton Reaction 中，鐵離子對過氧化氫分解的催化模式，利用鐵、鈷、鎳、錳、鋅分子篩，測試他們催化過氧化氫分解反應的效率，從成本、毒性、活化能的多方考量下，選擇以分子篩來固定金屬催化離子，作為我們後續實驗的研究主軸。實驗的初步，我們選擇過氧化氫作為自由基，並著重於過氧化氫的分解反應。利用濃差電池的原理，設計出一套濃度檢測系統，由分子篩作為電極。鑒於粉末狀的分子篩容易流失，我們製備出陶土鐵分子篩，以陶土固定分子篩，並以此作為電極，搭配白金絲，透過能士特方程式，測出過氧化氫的濃度，且藉由電路調控放大倍率，可以直接控制檢測範圍。從實驗結果得知，鐵分子篩在處理過氧化氫的時候，不會有鐵離子溶出的現象，且其催化性在酸性液中可以維持，能不斷的使用，長時間來看，分子篩相當有經濟與環境保護上的價值。We attempted to provide a system for quickly determining the concentration of free radicals. The existing methods or techniques are inefficient or need expensive equipment, therefore, an inexpensive system is being sought for. As a preliminary study, we focused on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Taking the Fenton reaction as reference, we designed a measuring system. This system includes a catalyst containing Fe or Pt ions for catalyzing hydrogen peroxide decomposition reaction. The Fe- and Pt-zeolite were prepared to hold Fe and Pt ions to avoid losing. Because the electrically induced potential would decrease with the decrease in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, we could measure the concentration of hydrogen peroxide by monitoring the electrical potential. We determined the initial concentration of hydrogen peroxide in water from the initial electrical potential measured through the equation obtained from the calibration line. The practicability of this system has been assured after a series of experiments. We will further develop the technique for measuring other free radicals. We anticipate that this technique will be further developed for measuring other free radicals. Although there are several problems and limitations to be solved and conquered, one thing is for sure: this system is an environment-friendly and cost-effective facility for determining the concentration of free radicals in an aqueous solution.

跳舞草(Desmodium gyrans) 屬多年生木本豆科植物，其特殊之處在於小葉會對外界的聲音有所感應。本實驗以訊號產生器固定聲音強度，發出2、4、6、8、10 KHz不同聲頻之聲波刺激跳舞草，並以每5秒為單位紀錄小葉擺動角度之變化，分析其擺動週期、擺動幅度等不同的變化。實驗結果為跳舞草小葉之擺動週期與擺動振幅是隨著聲音頻率的增加而呈現sin函數變化之圖形。Desmodium gyrans (Leguminosae) is a perennial woody plant. Acoustic waves can stimulate stipules and cause to oscillation. This experiment used the coroma to immobilize strength, emitted the frequency of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 KHz acoustic wave to stimulate stipules and recorded the changes of oscillation angle every five seconds. We calculated the oscillation cycle、oscillation span, and analyzed experiment data. The most importance result is that the experiment graphs of oscillation angle and oscillation span with different frequency of acoustic waves display sin function metamorphic diagram.

本研究探討不同的控制變因，對磁性流體薄膜在水平磁場下有序結構的影響。我們發現，外加水平磁場於磁流體薄膜時，會形成一維有序磁鍊排列，磁鍊間距除會隨著磁場增強而變小外，另外其條件值如磁場強度、流體濃度、磁增率、薄膜寬度及厚度等也影響磁鍊間距。其中磁增率及磁流體濃度增加會使磁鍊間距變小，而凹槽寬度及薄膜厚度增加會使磁鍊間距變大等現象。至於其形成磁鍊的物理作用，我們假設薄膜有三種能量交互作用，即(1)磁鍊與外加磁場間的磁能UdH。(2)兩條同方向磁化的磁鍊間相互排斥所造成的磁能Udd。(3)熱能Uther等。藉由系統能量Udh+Udd+Uther最小化，我們導出了磁鍊間距和外加磁場之間理論上的關係，並比較實驗結果確實具有相當的一致性。因這些有序結構會引發許多的光學性質，將來這些特殊的光學性質預料應可製成可調式光柵、光開關及顯示器等光電元件，使磁流體在奈米世界及光電領域裡扮演重要角色。We investigate experimentally the structure of the magnetic chains formed in the magnetic fluid thin film under the influence of the external magnetic field parallel to the film surface. A one-dimensional ordered structure forced by magnetic chains can be obtain in the magnetic fluid film. It is worth noting that the ordered structure can be manipulated by changing the control parameters such as the magnetic field, concentration of magnetic fluid, the thickness of the film, the width of the film, and the dH/dt. On the other hand, the physical mechanism of forming the ordered structure can be also studied theoretically. These magnetic chains are regarded as magnetic dipoles and three possible interactions are condisered for the energy of the system: the attracting potential energy between the magnetic chain and H(denoted by UdH),the repulsive potential energy between two magnetic chains with parallel magnetizations(denoted by Udd), and the thermal energy Uther. The relationship between the chain distance △x and the applied magnetic field H was derived by minimizing the total energy of the system with respect to the chain distance. The experimental data is consistent with the theoretical results.