Wibrazz is a wearable communication tool that allows the teacher, the therapist, the parent to communicate information to the child remotely using the device. Haptic (vibrationbased) feedback is becoming increasingly important in everyday life. A vibrating device that transmits information through clothing can help people with disabilities who have no or limited sensory use to live an integrated life in society without barriers.

One of the main challenges with today’s batteries is their relatively low volumetric and specific capacities. The highest specific capacity can be achieved with lithium-air batteries, which use metallic lithium as the anode and typically some form of porous carbon as the cathode. To enhance performance, aerogels—among the world’s lightest solid materials—are ideal candidates for cathodes. Resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF)-based carbon aerogels, for example, serve this purpose well. In my work, I utilized two types of carbon aerogels as cathode materials: one derived from pyrolyzed resorcinol-formaldehyde polymer and the other a graphene-oxide-modified version of this carbon gel. I integrated the carbon aerogels I had pyrolyzed into lithium-air batteries to improve the cell’s performance, energy density, and capacity compared to cells using activated carbon. In my research, I examined the pore structure and surface properties of these materials in aqueous media using NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) relaxometry and cryoporometry, exploring their impact on battery efficiency. I found that the graphene-oxide-containing sample's pores filled with water in a layered manner, indicating a more hydrophilic surface, which suggests a denser arrangement of oxygen-containing functional groups compared to the unmodified carbon aerogel. The pore sizes were reduced after adding graphene oxide, resulting in an increased specific surface area for the sample. Incorporating the reduced graphene-oxide-containing carbon aerogel enabled the creation of a more efficient, higher-capacity battery than with the RF carbon aerogel. This improved performance is likely due to the aerogel’s higher oxygen content and altered morphology. The increased oxygen content provides more active sites for oxygen reduction, meaning that a greater specific power output can be obtained from the battery.

本研究以電化學二氧化碳還原反應(CO2RR)技術將二氧化碳還原成高經濟能源燃料，使用水相合成法製備Cu/Zn銅鋅雙金屬奈米觸媒，改變金屬間的比例: Cu2Zn1、Cu1Zn1、Cu1Zn2以及通入N2/O2/H2 熱處理改變觸媒氧化態，而改變氧化態可以在化學性質、催化活性、電子結構等方面有重要影響使其催化出不同反應路徑，改變產物生產效率和選擇性。用能量散射光譜儀、X光繞射儀鑑定奈米觸媒間金屬比例和晶型;線性掃描伏安法和氣相層析儀探討二氧化碳還原法拉第效應和生產效能。結果發現Cu2Zn1-N2能產生最多的CH4，因改變氧化態使其效能高達53.03%; Cu1Zn2產生最多的CO，效能為44.99%，推論為鋅的比例較高所致。

An exploration of Pachyrhizus erosus as an option for plant-based milk in the 印尼n market for people with lactose intolerance. With its prevalence in tropical climates, Pachyrhizus erosus is an affordable crop in 印尼. Pachyrhizus erosus is a root vegetable containing a calcium content of 15.6 mg per cup (130g) in its unprocessed form, concentrated in its white flesh. Based on its affordability and calcium content, Pachyrhizus erosus can be transformed into a beverage product with nutritional qualities on par with existing plant-based milk, therefore being a solution for calcium sustenance that is more accessible due to its high capability to be locally grown in 印尼. However, this may be a partial case as Pachyrhizus erosus only thrives in regions with long warm seasons. In this research, three trials of Pachyrhizus erosus-based milk recipe have been conducted Trial 1 consists of a 1:1 ratio of Pachyrhizus erosus to water, Trial 2 consists of a 2:1 ratio of Pachyrhizus erosus to water, and Trial 3 consisting of a 10:10:1 ratio of Pachyrhizus erosus to water, and to a small amount of soybean. Based on the results of 14 organoleptic test respondents, it is concluded that the best ratio of ingredients is 10:10:1 (water: Pachyrhizus erosus: soybean) due to an overall preference of the third trial with this ratio, in terms of taste, aroma, color, and consistency. Pachyrhizus erosus is the dominant ingredient in developing alternate plant-based milk. However, findings from the most preferred trial in the organoleptic test suggest that implementing a minor amount of soybean would stabilize the milk-like consistency and flavor. Pachyrhizus erosus’ ability to retain calcium in its water content has been additionally proven in a calcium test using a reagent solution of ammonium oxalate, as even with the trials’ step of straining the liquid content of Pachyrhizus erosus that had been blended with added water, all three trials tested positive based on the high level of the precipitate. Other tests that tackle the quality of each trial include In Silico Testing, biuret protein test, alcohol test, COB test, and pH level testing.

An actuator [7,22,28,29] is a motion control mechanism. Depending on the type of actuator, it can convert one type of energy (e.g. chemical, electromagnetic, thermal) into mechanical energy. The field that laid the foundations for the realization of actuators is the field of electromechanics, whose evolution was common with that of actuators. Thus, a periodization of the electromechanics paradigm includes 3 major stages [7,6,25,28,29]: I.1830-1950 Old electromechanics. It is the period when the development of electric cars is significant, which imposed the appearance of classical or primary electromechanical drives. It was a generous nineteenth century, dominated by the scientific results of the triumvirate: Michel Faraday (initiator of fundamental empirical experiments in the history of electricity; the law of induction, of the principle of electric motor, of the magnetic circuit, initiator of electro-chemistry), James Clerk Maxwell, (the genius theorist who put into mathematical form the equations of electric and magnetic fields, as well as the connection between them), and Werner Siemens (engineer and capitalist genius manager who managed to exploit and validate the relationship research-technology-economic development), triumvirate that can be disputed in the sense that other scientists also made outstanding contributions to the history of electricity: Edison, Ampere, Ohm (to name but a few who do not exhaust a significant list). Industrial production of electric machines also appeared and the first signs that will announce the emergence of electromechanical actuators as a basis for military applications. II.1950-1970, Traditional electromechanics, in which electrical power drives appear, a theoretical and experimental development on the emergence of new material and electromechanical principles. Much military research (such as missile control or ship and torpedo control) influences and produces the transfer of applications in ordinary life, including the actuator subfield. III. 1970-2020, Avant-garde electromechanics, representing according to Thomas Kuhn's theory, a paradigm forcing [30]. It is worth noting the contributions of the new scientific revolution. - Specific technologies of miniaturization, by material deposition. - Elastomeric polymeric materials with the help of which it was possible to make electrostrictive actuators, - Very special means of investigation, mainly the development of microscopy, - Gradient of applications in the field of medical engineering, with outstanding contributions both in investigation and microsurgery, applications of actuators in biological micropumps, etc. [25,27,28,29].

自然界中，植物以NO₃⁻和NH4+作為主要氮源，在吸收後轉化為麩胺酸(Glu)和麩醯胺酸(Gln)作為第一產物進行基本生理反應，在我們實驗室先前的研究中，發現Gln會誘導阿拉伯芥側根生長、壓力反應和抗病性，所以提出了一種假說「細胞外的Gln是營養氮源，也是一種“危險訊號”」，藉由可能存在的Gln的受體表現。目前我進行了其中三組受體的測試，分別是wall-associated kinase2(WAK2)、wall-associated kinase3(WAK3)和EF-Tu受體(EFR)，WAK家族是穩定細胞壁果膠的受體激酶，然而我們實驗中發現WAK3在wak3 muntant的表現是不穩定的。EFR為接收EF-Tu(elongation factor thermal unstable)的模式辨識受體(PRR)，參與活化植物防禦及PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI)，efr muntant在Gln的誘導下表現了防禦相關基因與水楊酸生成之相關基因。本研究將有助於深入理解Gln在植物防禦和側根生長中的功能及其調控機制，並為未來的作物改良和病害防治提供理論基礎。

At the 61st National High School Science Fair of Taiwan, the first-rank paper "The Study of the Largest Area of Inscribed Triangle within the Intersection of two circles" was presented. The authors discussed several properties of maximum area of inscribed triangles within intersection regions of two congruent circles. They only claim their results but without providing a rigorous proof. However, we give a proof by showing the convergence of the iteration of finding the largest height. Subsequently, we offer new methods to approach the problems such as the trigonometric identities, Jensen's Inequality to prove the maximum area of triangles and quadrangles within the intersection region of two congruent circles. Finally, we determined the maximum area for the case of n-gons. We conducted further research and discussion on this issue. In the future, we hope to prove why the maximum area of n-gons within the intersection region of two congruent circles occurs when there are two points on the intersection points of the two circles. We aim similar problems in the three-dimensional space, namely the maximum volume of tetrahedron within the intersection of two unit spheres.

Wibrazz is a wearable communication tool that allows the teacher, the therapist, the parent to communicate information to the child remotely using the device. Haptic (vibrationbased) feedback is becoming increasingly important in everyday life. A vibrating device that transmits information through clothing can help people with disabilities who have no or limited sensory use to live an integrated life in society without barriers.

本研究在探討數學雜誌《Crux Mathematicorum》2024年公告的題目MA 288.所產生的方格紙圖案分布的規律。我們先解開該題，並透過繪製與分析不同大小的圖形，觀察圖案的規律，並利用此規律求出第 𝑛 列及前 𝑛 列綠色方格數的遞迴關係與一般式。 我們發現在𝑛×(𝑛+1) 的方格紙中，當𝑛為2的次方時，綠色方格圖案會形成一個類似謝爾賓斯基三角形的完整三角形，且每當𝑛增加2的1次方時，綠色方格圖案會利用自我複製的方式形成新的圖案。因此可以把𝑛轉換成二進位的表示法，利用二進位中1的位置與數量推論出方格圖案的樣貌與綠色方格數。 除了利用塗色的方式觀察規律外，本研究還將原問題條件轉換成不同的敘述，方便利用excel繪製圖案，將問題推廣到𝑛×𝑚方格。

本研究在探討數學雜誌《Crux Mathematicorum》2024年公告的題目MA 288.所產生的方格紙圖案分布的規律。我們先解開該題，並透過繪製與分析不同大小的圖形，觀察圖案的規律，並利用此規律求出第 𝑛 列及前 𝑛 列綠色方格數的遞迴關係與一般式。 我們發現在𝑛×(𝑛+1) 的方格紙中，當𝑛為2的次方時，綠色方格圖案會形成一個類似謝爾賓斯基三角形的完整三角形，且每當𝑛增加2的1次方時，綠色方格圖案會利用自我複製的方式形成新的圖案。因此可以把𝑛轉換成二進位的表示法，利用二進位中1的位置與數量推論出方格圖案的樣貌與綠色方格數。 除了利用塗色的方式觀察規律外，本研究還將原問題條件轉換成不同的敘述，方便利用excel繪製圖案，將問題推廣到𝑛×𝑚方格。

本研究旨在開發高效且符合綠色化學原則的Breitfussin B合成策略。Breitfussin B是一種極為稀少的天然產物，可自海洋苔蘚動物Thuiaria breitfussi中分離，分子結構包含吲哚(Indole)、噁唑(Oxazole)與吡咯(Pyrrole)骨架。儘管已有科學家完成其全合成，但現有方法步驟繁瑣，且涉及重金屬試劑，價格昂貴且難以回收利用。因此，本研究致力於開發更高效且環保的合成策略。 目前，我們透過一系列取代與還原反應和Sonogashira偶聯反應成功合成吲哚衍生物6-Bromo-4-methoxyindole，此產物可作為後續關鍵合成步驟的起始材料。此外，在疊氮酮(Azidoketone)至酮醯胺(Ketoamide)的轉化中，我們系統性研究了不同反應條件對產率及區位選擇性的影響。 本研究的成果不僅為Breitfussin B的合成提供關鍵技術支持，也對吲哚類化合物的全合成 具有重要的應用價值。

本研究旨在開發高效且符合綠色化學原則的Breitfussin B合成策略。Breitfussin B是一種極為稀少的天然產物，可自海洋苔蘚動物Thuiaria breitfussi中分離，分子結構包含吲哚(Indole)、噁唑(Oxazole)與吡咯(Pyrrole)骨架。儘管已有科學家完成其全合成，但現有方法步驟繁瑣，且涉及重金屬試劑，價格昂貴且難以回收利用。因此，本研究致力於開發更高效且環保的合成策略。 目前，我們透過一系列取代與還原反應和Sonogashira偶聯反應成功合成吲哚衍生物6-Bromo-4-methoxyindole，此產物可作為後續關鍵合成步驟的起始材料。此外，在疊氮酮(Azidoketone)至酮醯胺(Ketoamide)的轉化中，我們系統性研究了不同反應條件對產率及區位選擇性的影響。 本研究的成果不僅為Breitfussin B的合成提供關鍵技術支持，也對吲哚類化合物的全合成 具有重要的應用價值。