抗癌藥物的研究一直受到重視，吲哚(indole)衍生物可助抵擋自由基，而二吲哚(Di-indole)衍生物已成為抗癌劑。鈣離子/鈣調蛋白依賴性蛋白激酶 (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II，CaMKII)之抑制劑為癌症標靶藥物重要研究方向之一，抑制CaMKII可降低各種癌細胞增殖和存活，但目前尚無CaMKII抑制劑藥物。本研究以三吲哚為主架構，發展衍生物作為CaMKII抑制劑，期望可應用於抗癌劑。電腦軟體Discovery Studio2016模擬各種三吲哚衍生物分子模型與CaMKII α(PDB: 2VZ6)之結合能，選出結合能較大之化合物3，並延伸結構/活性(SAR)最佳化，進行一系列高效率藥物合成純化工作。經由送測生物細胞活性，其中先導化合物(lead compound) 3-1對癌細胞之毒性高且對CaMKIIα的抑制效果佳，符合癌症治療上的需求，將繼續最佳化此結構，並進行細胞訊號傳送途徑及動物實驗。

超音波已廣泛用於奈米粒子的製備，然可聽聞音對奈米粒子製備的影響卻少有研究。本研究以簡易喇叭裝置產生可聽聞音並在溶液表面產生法拉第波及內部流動，來輔助製備奈米鎳。法拉第波是一種表面非線性駐波，透過調整容器形狀、振動頻率等，可產生不同波形。本研究嘗試在法拉第波輔助下，以化學還原法及電沉積法製備出不同性質的奈米粒子。SEM量測並比較無輔助、法拉第波輔助、超音波輔助製備出的奈米鎳的形貌、分布的差異。並將其應用於有機物(即剛果紅、亞甲藍、4-硝基苯酚、2-硝基苯酚)之催化還原。而由SEM量測、催化還原結果及理論模擬反應熱可知，法拉第波確實能夠改善奈米鎳的粒徑大小、分散性、對氫的吸附能力及催化還原能力。

Wind energy is one of the most promising and rapidly growing sources of renewable energy, although maximizing its efficiency while minimizing noise remains a challenge and limits its widespread adoption. The emergence of toroidal propellers, which have gained popularity for producing comparable thrust levels to traditional drone propellers while producing less noise, could mitigate this. This study aimed to develop a small-scale toroidal HAWT and compare its power and noise output to a conventional rotor design under similar wind velocity conditions. 15-centimeter diameter models of the toroidal and conventional rotors were created in Fusion 360 and simulated using Ansys Fluent to identify the significant aerodynamic characteristics that positively affect the blades’ power coefficient. The toroidal design with the greatest simulated power output at low tip speed ratios (TSRs) was then 3D printed and physically tested in a wind tunnel against the control rotor. The experimental results confirmed that the toroidal design had greater power coefficients at lower TSRs compared to the control rotor. The toroidal rotor started operating at a wind velocity of 3 m/s compared to the control rotor’s 6 m/s, which indicates superior start-up characteristics. While the toroidal rotor produced half the power output of the control at the highest tested wind speed of 7 m/s, it emitted 18 decibels less noise and showed a reduction in discernible noise between frequencies of two to five kilohertz. The results from this study show its potential in low-noise wind turbines within low-wind velocity environments.

Recently,thefeedpricesforlivestockfarmshavebeencontinuouslyincreasing, while the prices of calves have been declining, leading to many livestock and dairy farms facing financial losses. If livestock farms are affected by diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, they suffer significant losses. This is because reducedproductivityinlivestocknotonlyaffectstheirproductionbutalsoentails substantial costs for vaccines and treatments. Therefore, there is a need to explore how to effectively prevent diseases, focusing on common diseases in cattle such as subclinical mastitis and mastitis, and alleviate the burden on farms economically and environmentally. This study aims to investigate the production of bacterial growth-inhibiting straw bedding using substances such as illite and charcoal to contribute to disease prevention.

阿茲海默症(AD)是導致失智症的主因，影響全球數千萬人。然而，AD目前的藥物大多昂貴且療效有限。目前已知腦內β類澱粉蛋白(Aβ)斑塊為AD的病理特徵，且大腦清除系統被認為對AD的治療具有重要性。先前研究發現非侵入性迷走神經刺激術(nVNS)增加腦脊髓液循環，但在神經退化疾病中的機制和應用尚不明確。本研究旨在探討nVNS增強大腦清除系統來作為AD新療法之成效，使用Aβ誘導之AD小鼠模型，利用巨視顯微鏡和免疫組織化學染色評估其膠淋巴系統功能，並以新奇事物測試評估認知功能。本研究發現於AD小鼠中，給予nVNS使大腦清除系統之水通道蛋白-4顯著增加、促進膠淋巴系統，進而改善認知功能。本研究首次發現nVNS可通過增強大腦清除系統功能，進而改善AD病理引起的失智症狀，支持nVNS作為AD新療法的可行性。

Most people in the country tend to consume soda as part of their daily lives, without thinking about the health consequences that this entails. And the fact is that 墨西哥 is considered the main consumer of soda in the world (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México [UNAM], 2019), and not only that, it also tops the lists of obesity and diabetes (Procuraduría Federal del Consumidor [PROFECO], 2018). A bad diet is one of the main causes of these medical conditions, so it is necessary to rethink the foods of daily consumption. In this project, the development of a carbonated beverage with three main ingredients: purple corn, hibiscus, and pineapple, which contain diverse nutritional properties in addition to having significant amounts of antioxidants (Secretaría de Cultura,2020; Sumaya et al., 2014; Kongsuwan et al., 2009), is established as an objective. In addition, antioxidants act as regulators of cellular aging and prevent chronic diseases (Vilaplana, 2007). For this reason, the elaboration of a beverage with these characteristics is considered harmless and a good option for people with a chronic disease or who are prone to it, as well as a healthy alternative to the consumption of soft drinks. In this project, an experimental methodology was followed to prepare the nutritional beverage, which had nutritional properties, such as vitamin and antioxidant content, in addition to having a pleasant taste and texture.

Cultivating plants from seeds or cuttings is a fundamental aspect of gardening and agriculture. While traditional methods have been practiced for centuries, there is a persistent need for innovative and efficient approaches to enhance plant growth and development. This section explores the challenges associated with traditional propagation methods and examines potential solutions offered by emerging technologies and materials. Plant propagation is necessary to allow efficient multiplication and distribution of desirable plant varieties (Sorensen & Garland, 2024). Plant propagation is the process of creating new plants. There are two primary methods of propagation: sexual and asexual. ．Sexual propagation involves the union of pollen and egg, drawing genetic material from two parent plants to create a new, genetically diverse offspring. This process utilizes the floral parts of a plant. ．Asexual propagation, on the other hand, involves taking a part of a single parent plant and inducing it to regenerate into a new plant. The resulting offspring is genetically identical to its parent. This method utilises the vegetative parts of a plant, such as stems, roots, or leaves. One emerging technology that has garnered attention in this field is the use of cocopeat, a sustainable growing medium derived from coconut husks (Pane et al. 2021). Cocopeat has been extensively studied as a potential alternative to peat moss in plant propagation (Gericke, 1940). It offers a favourable balance between air porosity and water holding capacity, promoting root development and nutrient uptake (Kalaivani and Jawaharlal, 2019). Furthermore, cocopeat is a renewable and environmentally-friendly resource, making it an attractive option for sustainable seedling cultivation. Research has shown that the use of cocopeat as a growing medium can enhance the growth of both vegetables and various ornamental plants, such as Impatiens. The biostimulant effect of the Trichoderma atroviride fungus, which can readily colonize coir, has been observed to increase aboveground biomass, flower production, pigments, and nutrient concentration in these plants (Traversari et al., 2024).

At the 61st National High School Science Fair of Taiwan, the first-rank paper "The Study of the Largest Area of Inscribed Triangle within the Intersection of two circles" was presented. The authors discussed several properties of maximum area of inscribed triangles within intersection regions of two congruent circles. They only claim their results but without providing a rigorous proof. However, we give a proof by showing the convergence of the iteration of finding the largest height. Subsequently, we offer new methods to approach the problems such as the trigonometric identities, Jensen's Inequality to prove the maximum area of triangles and quadrangles within the intersection region of two congruent circles. Finally, we determined the maximum area for the case of n-gons. We conducted further research and discussion on this issue. In the future, we hope to prove why the maximum area of n-gons within the intersection region of two congruent circles occurs when there are two points on the intersection points of the two circles. We aim similar problems in the three-dimensional space, namely the maximum volume of tetrahedron within the intersection of two unit spheres.

This study primarily investigates the components of food residues in the stomach of flying squirrels and the metabolism of the intestinal bacteria Floricoccus tropicus. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) hydrogen spectrum analysis, the signals of long-chain fatty acids were detected in both n-hexane and 75% ethanol extracts of flying squirrel gastric residues and acorns, suggesting that acorns may be a primary food source for the flying squirrels. The study also identified Floricoccus tropicus, one of the lactic acid bacteria, from the intestines of flying squirrels and discovered its role in the metabolism of fatty acids in acorns. Results showed that polyunsaturated fatty acids significantly decreased during fermentation, indicating that they were converted into short-chain fatty acids with anti-inflammatory properties. In the antibacterial activity experiments, the acorn grease showed no inhibitory effects before fermentation, but after fermentation, the acorn grease exhibited inhibitory effects against E. coli. Furthermore, in anti-inflammatory tests, fermented acorn grease samples significantly suppressed the production of NO and TNF-α in LPSinduced RAW 264.7 cells, with greater inhibition at higher concentrations. In conclusion, the lactic acid bacteria Floricoccus tropicus was found to metabolize fatty acids of acorns into compounds with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.

光柵作為常見的分光元件，應用於許多光學儀器中。然而，傳統光柵彈性較差且硬度較高，限制了其應用範圍。本研究利用具有高彈性和易形變特性的 PDMS 作為柔性光柵的材料，對不同厚度和彎曲程度的光柵進行一系列測試。為了探討厚度和彎曲曲率對繞射效果的影響，進行了不同厚度柔性光柵的繞射點分析實驗。實驗結果顯示，增加柔性光柵的厚度會提升其彎曲時第一亮紋的變化率；相反，減少厚度則會降低該變化率。隨後的研究進一步探討不同施力方式是否會影響柔性光柵的分光效果。通過拉伸和壓縮光柵，發現拉伸會使光柵的軌距變大，而壓縮則會使軌距變小。此外，研究還探討了利用 PDMS 複製類似光柵的結構是否具有分光效果。實驗結果顯示，複製的指紋確實展現了類似特性，期望未來能夠將這些特性實際應用於相關領域。

The aim of this project is to enhance the mobility of individuals with disabilities, particularly aiding them in navigating stairs and challenging terrains. Across the world, powered wheelchair employ various methods, primarily categorized into two: 1) tracked mechanisms and 2) robotic wheelchair utilizing intricate robotic systems. The design presented by our team belongs to the latter category, which is recognized for its lighter build when contrasted with the former. However, despite its lightweight structure, this wheelchair design incorporates equipment that renders it more cost-effective and practical than conventional designs within the same category. Our design integrates three distinct mechanisms to adjust the height and center of mass of the passenger during stair climbing and maintain balance and surface contact. Utilizing an array of sensors, it continuously monitors the position of the person on the wheelchair and the wheelchair on the surface. This data guides adjustments in the mechanisms, ensuring stability. This innovation harbors the potential for enhancing various functionalities, including: GPS integration for user navigation. Real-time monitoring of vital signs (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature). In an emergency, this data can be transmitted to ambulance centers to pinpoint the individual's location and immediate assistance. A simplified ambulance request system, accessible via a single button press. Overall, this innovative wheelchair prototypes aims to revolutionize accessibility, granting enhanced mobility and independence to individuals with disabilities.

When doing an experiment to produce colloidal ferric hydroxide, the bottom of the beaker used was colored in yellow-brown with thin film interference. This phenomenon is well-known, but the cause has not been clearly studied. As a result of the research, the coloration on the bottom of the beaker is caused by β-FeOOH forming a thin film which is chemically bonded with Si-OH on the glass surface. Also, the amount of β-FeOOH depends on the number of experiments, the area of the bottom of the beaker, and the concentration of FeCl3 aq. We found that it can be possible to determine the amount of β-FeOOH from the formula m=knsc and the adhesion constant was found to be 6.8✕10-3 (L/m2). In addition, from machine learning we predicted that the thin film thickness becomes thicker as it moves away from the center.