在科展報告上看到落地生根的葉子要離開植物體才能發芽，引起我們懷疑，我們實驗的目的在控制各種環境，希望找出使落地生根植株未離體葉子的葉緣發芽的條件，我們做了有無不定根系、亮暗、泡水或插水、還有是否去頂芽等條件，發現無根系、整株泡水、照光、去頂芽的處理方式可以使落地生根的芽有最高的發芽率和平均長度最長的根，推翻了葉子要離開植物體，產生癒傷激素促進發芽的假說，我們也從以上這些實驗發現植物激素似乎扮演了很重要的角色，並且深入研究。

The Bay Mau Lake inside the Thong Nhat Park in Hanoi is the second largest lake in\r Hanoi. The lake serves not just as an equitable tank for the rainwater, as a reservoir for\r intake of wastewater, as a wastewater treatment pond, but also as a recreation area for\r Hanoi people and visitors from other provinces. The Bay Mau Lake is polluted at\r alarming level.\r The author has carried out a study on the water pollution level and the sources of\r pollution. The study revealed that the lake polluted mainly by domestic wastewater\r discharging from living quarters with total about 800,000 inhabitants. The author\r demonstrated different measures to reduce the pollution level in the lake such as raising\r environmental awareness for the public, a simple, reasonable cheap measure, which can\r be both realistic and effective. Besides, the author proposed to use bio-treatment of the\r water discharging into the Bay Mau Lake, building of a pumping station, fish farming...\r The clay-paper fibre mixture is used for the biological treatment of wastewater at the\r inlets. The advantage of this method is that it is a simple, cheap and realistic solution.\r Treatment of the water using clay and paper fibre mixture for filtration and plantation of\r aquatic plants as lotus and water lily together will provide oxygen for the aquatic\r environment of the lake. As results of the study, it is recommended to use both methods,\r namely raising environmental awareness for the public and biotreatement method using\r clay and paper fibre, to improve water quality of the lake.

在正n邊形的n個頂點各放一面鏡子，並將其中一個鏡面順時針轉動90°/n，將雷射光線沿該點切線方向射向此鏡面，使光線在正n邊形各頂點的鏡面間反射，本文主要在探討光線在各鏡面間反射路徑之規律性與其應用，研究分為兩大部分：一、將雷射光線射向一順時針調整角度θ=90°/n的鏡面且其餘鏡面皆不轉動之情形下，探討雷射光線的反射路徑之規律性及尋找正多邊形邊數與反射數間的關聯性。二、在正n邊形的n個鏡面中，每個鏡面可依順時針或逆時針旋轉一個角度θ=90°/n或是不轉動。此部分我們只針對n為偶數的情況去探討，我們採用數學上函數的對應方式取代了物理上反射原理的路徑操作，由數學的模式去探討鏡面調整的規則，擬訂出適當的策略調整鏡面的轉動，並找出最大反射數。

老夫子向大蕃薯買雞蛋，一不小心竟把堆垛在桌上的雞蛋，翻滾到地上砸碎了。老夫子說，只要大蕃薯能說出雞蛋的總數，他願意照價賠錢，這下子大慕薯的頭更大了，應該怎麼計算呢？

Many biological processes in the human body take place in intracellular environments under crowded conditions. This means that such cellular activities occur in the presence of inert macromolecules. These macromolecules are thought to have large effects on reaction rates and equilibria. However, under conventional conditions, these same processes are studied in vitro under uncrowded conditions in dilute buffers and therefore not reflective of physiological conditions. Hence, this project aims to study the effect of macromolecular crowding on antigen-antibody reactions in an attempt to mimic intracellular environments. It also aims to highlight the importance of introducing crowders as a factor of study in conventional in vitro experiments involving cellular reactions. The model reaction investigated involves human collagen type 1 on skin samples and specific antibodies against these antigens. Inert macromolecules of defined hydrodynamic radius and charge were added into the reaction media while quantitative tests are conducted to determine the effect of crowding on the rate and extent of reaction. The macromolecular crowders used were Dextran Sulphate, Ficol170, Ficol1400 and Polyvinylpyrrolidone360. Results were than analysed with the Metamorph 7 imaging system to determine signal strength under crowded and non-crowded conditions. At high primary antibody dilutions, skin samples incubated with a primary antibody solution crowded with a combination of inert macromolecules showed improve signal strength. This could be because crowding tends to shift reaction equilibria such as to minimise the amount of excluded volume, leading to association of the antigen and its specific antibody. This is known as the excluded volume effect. In addition, crowding the primary antibody solution helped increase the rate of reaction. The results also suggest that the addition of crowders may reduce the amount of antibodies needed per sample and decrease the necessary incubation time. Therefore, antigen-antibody reactions can be done more cost-effectively, However, the presence of charged macromolecules such as Dextran Sulphate has an inhibitory effect. Further work is also needed to establish whether macromolecular crowding enhances specificity and thereby reduce autoflourescence of the skin sample.

1.依照新頒國民學校課程標準明示，國民小學數學第四冊（第二學年下學期）數學教材單元及細目，關於乘法（佔960 分鐘）的數學2.據專家倡導兒童的學習由遊戲生活進入、容易引起興趣，了解獲得深刻的印象。

(一)奇怪！一到冬天，整個學校的顏色都變了，樹葉枯黃，草皮也枯乾，連我們穿的衣服都變成黑色、深藍色，為什麼不穿活潑可愛的顏色，能夠更顯示我們小朋友的朝氣呢？(二)一到夏天，小朋友朝會，又是白茫茫的一片，全部是白上衣，加上太陽光一照，哎！眼睛真受不了，如果改變一下，不是可使我們的眼睛更舒服嗎？(三)由以上兩個原因使我想到是不是顏色和溫度（吸熱、放熱）有關，為了想了解這個問題，引起我對這問題的興趣。

六年級上學期，我們曾學了3,9,11等合數之因數的識別法，覺得這些方法實在很妙，但卻不曾見到有其他數的識別法，(如7,13,19等)而且也不知道3,9 ,11的識別法是怎樣來的。

The Latin American and Caribbean regions have one of the biggest cultivable areas in the world, calculated at around 576 million hectares. Nevertheless, 16% of this land its affected by a kind of soil degradation. Previous studies have shown that the vesicular- arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) can fix phosphorus and other elements to plants, is an important micronutrients transporter, increases the water potential of plants, can bioremediate the lands affected and prevents lixivation. These effects are very convenient and can replace the chemical fertilizers which produce collateral damage to the environment. For the reasons mentioned above, this prototype for the production of vesiculararbuscular mycorrhizae, denominated as a biofertilizer, is presented. The prototype consists of an aeroponic system which disperses, in aerial form, nutrients to the host/trap plant roots where the fungus produces its mycelium web. The fungus propagation consists of an artificial union of isolated and identified spores of the mycobiont ,which we want to propagate, with the trap plant roots. The specimen identification consisted in a staining and clarification method (Phillips- Hayman), and a taxonomical identification. In order to prove the (VAM) benefits, two experiments using Sorghum spp. were carried out. One consisted of a comparison between the plants with VAM and a control without VAM. The second one consisted of a chemical comparison between control/fertilizer/ VAM plants. These two experiments were subjected to a water stress test for 10 days. The prototype achieved a production of roots mycorrhizae between 50-65% of colonization. The taxonomic identification corroborated that the mycobionts propagated and the controls were the same species. Experiment One demonstrated that the mycorrhizae treatment has more height, stem diameter, fresh/dry weight than the control which doesn't have VAM. We also conducted the Student’s t Test to check the previously mentioned hypothesis. In Experiment Two, the control and fertilizer treatments had a similar percentage of Nitrogen and Potassium, and the mycorrhizae treatment significantly increased these two elements; nevertheless, the fertilizer and mycorrhizae treatment obtained a similar percentage of Phosphorous. The water stress test was for 10 days - one month after planting. The results were: the fertilizer and mycorrhizae treatment had the same resistance to the stress, the mycorrhizae recovered faster from the stress and the control specimens presented a lower shrivel percentage than the other plants. One of the principal gains which this prototype has is that the trap plant doesn't die after collection, and the plant only needs to be inoculated once in the plant’s life because we only prune the roots. In nature 90% of plant species present some type of mycorrhizae association, hence the feasibility of this prototype for introduction, use and application of the fungus as a biofertilizer. 1 Centro de Bachillerato Tecnologico Industrial y de servicios N°24 2 Instituto Tecnologico de Ciudad Victoria

今天到阿公的雜貨店玩，看見阿公拿了一支筆，在客人付的 1000元鈔票上畫一筆後，「哇！是真的孫中山一千元。」阿公笑咪咪的把錢放進收銀機。我好奇的把那支筆拿來看，阿公才告訴我，那是一支可以分辦真鈔、假鈔，而且價錢不便宜的偽鈔筆。我拿著偽鈔筆在鈔票上一畫，鈔票沒有特別的改變；當我畫在紙上時，我畫過的地方卻變成黑色。為什麼會這樣呢？偽鈔筆真的那麼神奇嗎？這個問題引起了我的興趣，我決定利用課餘的時間，徹底研究偽鈔筆，而且我還要為阿公製造一支便宜的偽鈔筆。