一群勇於探索的學生，想要以酸鹼變色的原理製作出一組簡易可行的變色筆。探索的過程中，一路從指示劑的材料、筆桿的製作方式、提升書寫效果一直延伸到了防腐的方法。在這為期八個月的探索中，師生們無不絞盡腦汁想辦法使變色筆變的更好，其中細緻如熬煮指示劑的方法，都是有待克服的難題。經由不斷嘗試，找出了八種指示劑裝填進自創的吸管筆。以鹼性溶液變色，又以酸性溶液復原。並試著以簡單的材料防止指示劑的腐壞。師生們無不期待研究成果能普及化，讓看過的人也能利用隨手可得的生活素材，簡易地做出一組實用的變色筆。

瓦斯熱水爐使用大火時廢氣的CO 濃度非常高是導致一氧化碳中毒事件的關鍵原因，要解決這個問題觸媒轉化是一種可行的方式。影響觸媒性能的因素中以活性中心的種類最為重要，我們發現對轉化一氧化碳為二氧化碳的反應而言鈷有最好的催化效果，其次分別為：鎳、銅、鐵。最好的載體是三氧化二鋁，鈷的含量使用10％，煅燒溫度使用300℃可兼顧性能與成本。 本研究中所研發的 Co/Al2O3 觸媒具備有實用的潛力，可以在空間速度高達1000min-1 的情況下將濃度14,632ppm 的CO 百分之百轉化為CO2，而僅需233℃的反應溫度。因此，應該可以應用在瓦斯熱水爐上以降低一氧化碳中毒的風險。 The incorrect usage of a natural gas powered water heater always generates high carbon monoxide concentration in a closed environment. The dangerous CO gas can be fatal to the careless user of the water heater. Catalytic conversion of CO to CO2 can be a convenient method to solve this problem. The effect of the support, the supported metal, loading of the metal, reaction temperature, gas concentration, and reactants flow rate on the performance of the CO oxidation catalysts have been investigated. X-ray diffraction, gas adsorption and Infrared spectroscopy were applied to study the characteristics of catalysts. A 100% conversion of CO to CO2 can be achieved when 1.46% CO/6% oxygen/N2 reactants was catalyzed by a 10% Co/Al2O3 catalyst at 233℃ with a space velocity of 1000min-1 . This reaction condition is sufficient to remove the entire CO generated by a family-sized natural gas water heater.

When you draw a wet finger around the edge of a half filled wine glass, a sweet musical sound comes forth. The pitch of this sound is directly correlated to the amount of liquid in the glass- the higher the height of the liquid is, the lower the frequency is. It means that the shorter the air column in the glass is, the lower the frequency is. This phenomenon differs from the variance in pitch in a wind instrument. In a wind instrument such as a flute, the shorter the air column in its chamber is, the higher the resulting pitches are. In order to study the wine glass phenomenon, we used a piezoelectric crystal loudspeaker connected to an oscilloscope. We recorded the resulting data by using a digital video recorder to capture the images of the waveform of sound, and than analyzed the waveform by using the computer. Our conclusions are as follows: 1. The frequency of sound thus produced was the same whether we draw our finger around the rim, or we strike the glass rim. The higher the height of the liquid is, the lower the frequency is. But the frequencies vary when we strike the glass and when we blow on the edge. 2. When we used a glass without liquid in it, the frequency emitted when we drew our finger around the edge, this frequency varied inversely as the cube root of their weights. 3. In a glass with liquid, the emitted frequency did not have any correlation to the weight of the contents. By taking two identically filled glasses and placing in each a solid object of the same size but different weight, we were able to see that there was no change in the frequency emitted between the two glasses as long as the height of the liquid remained constant. 4. According to “The Flying Circus of Physics”, if we tap the side of a glass of beer, because of the air bubbles in the beer, the frequency emitted will be lower than that from a glass of pure water. This is according to the book, because the speed of sound is lower in air than in water, therefore the speed of sound in an air-water mixture would be lower than in pure water. The resonant frequencies of the mixture will also be lower. However, in our experiment, we discovered that\r when the glass contained air bubbles, the frequency emitted higher. Our explanation is that the sound emitted since the rim of the glass oscillated transversely, the frequency depends only on the retard of the rim and that the frequency is independent of the speed of sound. The intention of this research is to clarify the many misconceptions of this interesting phenomenon.以溼的手指在玻璃酒杯邊緣摩擦，會有悅耳的聲音，而且頻率會隨著內裝液體減少（空氣柱變長）而變高，這種變化與管樂器隨空氣柱的變長而音調變低不同，為了研究它的原因，我們利用壓電晶片喇叭連接到示波器上，並且利用數位錄影機錄下示波器上的訊號，再以電腦分析出瞬間的頻率，結果發現：一、摩玻璃杯與敲玻璃杯，杯所發出之頻率相同，都是所裝液體愈多發出之頻率愈低。但敲玻璃管與吹玻璃管所發出之頻率不同。二、不裝液體之高腳杯，摩擦時所發出之頻率與重量之立方根成反比。（與鐘相同）\r 三、裝液體之高腳杯發出之頻率，不再與總重量有關，而是與液體之高度有關，保持液體高度不變，即使在杯子中央加入不同重量之固體，杯子振動頻率還是不變。若改裝不同密度之液體，則密度愈大頻率愈低。四、在“The Flying Circus of Physics”書中提到輕敲裝有啤酒之杯時，會因杯中含有氣泡而聽到較低之音調，書中解釋是”空氣中之音速低於水中之音速，混有空氣之水中音速變低，其共振頻率也會降低。”但我們的實驗結果是有氣泡時頻率反而高。我們的解釋是杯子所發出之聲音是由於杯面之振動也就是杯壁的橫向振盪，振盪頻率與液體對杯壁之阻尼有關，但與液中聲速無關，密度愈大之液體阻尼愈大。有氣泡時接觸杯壁之液體變少，阻尼較少所以頻率高。希望本研究能使大多數人對這有趣之現象不再有誤解。

DNA感測器近年來蓬勃發展,應用層面包括基因工程,醫學及藥物的開發等,然而目前較常使用的感測方法,需要繁瑣耗時的標定過程,且所使用的化學藥劑對環境容易造成傷害,鑒於以上方法的不完善處,我們決定設計一套新的感測系統,此研究結合了氮化鎵奈米線(GaN Nanowires)及延伸場效電晶體(EGFET)的優點,成功的發展出創新的DNA感測系統,氮化鎵奈米線的高生物匹配性及高感測面積,能有效提高靈敏度,延伸式場效電晶體的設計,史感測器具由免標定及時感測的特性,且易於組裝及操作,我們將探針DNA(probe DNA)修是在氮化鎵奈米線作為之延伸閘極上,由於DNA在中性水溶液中帶負電,且DNA之間具有強烈的互補特性,因此當目標DNA(target DNA)與探針DNA接合,形成雙股DNA,氮化鎵奈米線(閘極)的表面電位即會有所變化,並造成FET特性的改變,藉由此性質及能成功感測DNA,研究結果顯示,此研究所發展出的DNA感測器,愈有相當高的靈敏度(10-18),相較於其他以FET技術所設計出的DNA感測器,靈敏度提升了三個數量極,此外此感測器亦具有高選擇性,即使單一鹼基對的突變也能成功辨別;-hybridization based detection techniques are widely developed due to their promising applications in genetics, medicine and drug discovery. However, current DNA detection techniques based on labels or reagents are time-consuming, environmentally-harmful and complex to implement. In this study, we have successfully demonstrated a label-free extended-gate-field-effect-transistor (EGFET) sensor utilizing a GaN-nanowires electrode with DNA probes immobilized, capable of specific DNA sequence identification. The principle behind the design is based on the change in surface potential and charge transfer after hybridization. GaN nanowires, being bio-compatible, provide direct transfer path and high surface area, thus offer an unprecedented opportunity of DNA sensing with high sensitivity. In addition, our EGFET design facilitates easy assembly and operation of DNA detection. Comparative studies on complementary and non-complementary DNA were performed to verify the specificity of the sensor. By adapting GaN nanowires structure, the assay time of DNA was shorten to within thirty minutes. Moreover, our sensor displayed an ultra-high sensitivity in the level of attoM: three orders of magnitude higher in resolution than that of other FET-based DNA detection methods.

電鐘設計外表雖美觀，但卻不能報時，也不能隨意調整鳴叫時間，所以有音響、能提醒人的電鐘，一定受人歡迎。

在偶而的機會中，我們在學校的校園內發現了一種小生物生活在含笑花、玉蘭花、洋玉蘭等植物的葉片上，並且使被感染的植物，出現了黃斑，甚至枯萎。這些現象引起了我們很大的好奇心，首先我們先採了這種小動物，請教老師，並查參考資料，得知它們是介殼蟲的一種。下列就是我們對牠構造、行為、生態一系列的探討。

有二系統A和B，A中一開始有2k個物體，，B中有0個物體。在一個單位時間內，兩系統可以互相轉移最多一個物體。當B中物體的個數為 i-1，i∈{1,2,...,k+1}，我們稱其為狀態 i，從狀態1﹝初態﹞開始計時，到達狀態 k+1﹝相同態﹞便即刻停止實驗，經過之時間為一隨機變數T，稱之為實驗時間。問當兩個系統的物體數剛好相等時，經過的實驗時間之分佈為何？本文將以上述問題為核心，分別探討不同條件下系統的實驗時間所反映出來的現象，如機率、期望值、變異數等等。 Define two systems, A includes 2k objects, and B has none. They can transfer at most one object from one system to another in a time unit. When the number of objects in B is i-1, i∈{1,2,...,k+1} , we say the system is at state i. As soon as system transfer form state 1 ( initial state ) to state k+1 ( the same state ), the experiment stop. Random variable T, called the experiment time, is the time before stop. What would be the distribution of the experiment time if all systems have the same amount of objects within? This article will focus on the described question and discuss what property the experiment time of the system under various conditions has, such as probability, mean, and variance.

最近網路和新聞媒體都頻頻出現免洗筷有毒的新聞，引起大眾的一陣恐慌，平日經常使用免洗筷的我很注意這個議題，趁著這次科展便邀了班上幾個志同道合的朋友，一起來為我們生活周遭的免洗筷做個總體檢，看看我們平常所使用的免洗筷是否安全衛生，有無殘留二氧化硫。首先，我們利用問卷調查的方式來調查班上同學使用免洗筷的情形，發現每天使用免洗筷的同學高達 77％，在此更加顯示出本研究的重要性。實驗結果顯示出本小組研發的測定方法精準度不夠，只在編號 1 和編號 4 的樣本中測出二氧化硫；但是利用實驗室精密裝置所做的檢測卻在編號 1.3.4.8.9.10 的樣本中均有二氧化硫殘留的反應，在與官能品評的比較下，編號 3.8.9 在官能檢測中都顯示有酸味，所以利用氣味來判斷二氧化硫殘餘是個可行的方案。在實驗中發現我們生活周遭所使用的免洗筷二氧化硫含量均不高，而且可以利用水洗的方式去除。每一種廠牌的免洗筷不論是外包裝或是筷子本身都有明顯的差異，在實驗過程中我們發現無標示公司或製造日期，筷身染墨有黑線條、聞起來酸味重的免洗筷其二氧化硫含量較高。所以消費者在使用免洗筷時可以特別的注意外觀、聞起來的氣味，最好可以用熱水洗一下，以去除附著在免洗筷上的二氧化硫。

去氧核糖核酸水解?，(deoxyribonuclease,簡稱DNase)為一種核酸內切?。目前研究得最透徹的去氧核糖核酸水解?為牛胰臟的DNase I，有四種以上的同功?存在。而牛和雞的DNA序列有極高的相似度，由之前的研究中在等電點焦集電泳法顯示雞胰臟DNase I 具A、B 兩種同功?，本實驗則希望能進一步了解兩種同功?的差異原因。在抽取RNA 後，以RT-PCR 方法合成cDNA，將其以限制?切割，再以大腸桿菌作為載體進行轉殖及繁殖培養，最後將其DNA 定序後進行分析比較。目前已完成第一次定序，但因引子接合過程中有部分位置錯亂造成殖體無法進行表現。另外在此次所得之序列中有發現一個胺基酸的轉變，而其是否為多型性之表現則有待進一步的實驗證實。The most advanced research on deoxyribonuclease in current states is on the bovine pancreatic DNase I, more than four of which isoforms have been found. It is shown that the DNA sequences of chicken and bovine have relatively high similarity. In addition, according to the result of isoelectric focusing from previous researches, chicken pancreatic DNaseI has two isoforms (A and B.) In this research, the author expects to establish more knowledge on the differences on the isoforms and the causes. After receiving the RNA, the RT-PCR is preformed to incorporate the cDNA, which is later cleaved by restriction enzyme and inserted into the plasmid DNA of the E. coli host cell to be cloned. So far a polynucleotide sequence has been deduced from clones of the cDNA, but it cannot be expressed successfully in E.coli due to few random mistaken splicing. There is an alternation of one amino acid, and whether it is the actual state of isoform or not still requires further proof.

整體而言，今年之水準較去年高出甚多，尤其高中組，取材也相當生活化，但是，仍有些 缺點宜待改進： 一、國小組： 二、有些作品之結論，祗展示數據，沒有作簡略說明。

運動讓緊張忙碌的生活壓力得到快速的紓解，而排汗衣的發明，讓許多熱愛運動的人們在大量排汗的同時，能夠迅速有效的將汗水吸收，再排到衣服的外層蒸散，阻隔溼答答的衣服直接附著在皮膚上，免除身體的不舒適感，而達到舒爽的最佳效果，因此排汗衣成為運動員趨之若鶩的好夥伴。然而排汗衣究竟是何方神聖，有何種了不起的法術能夠成為今日運動界的當紅炸子雞席捲全球呢？我們為了揭開它神秘的面紗，特別追蹤研究，並且設計了三個實驗，藉由測試比較各種布料的吸水、擴散及蒸發能力，透過實驗的過程與結果，最後就知道排汗布料是由何種材質所製成及它的特殊性質為何了。

前幾天，學校酉側操場正在填土整地，同學們就去挖一些泥土回來種花。哪知沒過多久，一盆盆的花兒都陸續枯萎!大家百思不解，難道土壤也會生病嗎?為什麼?如何改善?我們向環保媽媽們請教，才知道土壤的質地對植物生長影響很大，為了深入了土壤、植物和水之間的親密關係，所以激發我們做這個研究的興趣。