長壽山的火成岩屬於約八百萬年前北部中新世角板火山活動期之產物。其玄武岩覆蓋在南莊層的上部，並同時有柱狀玄武岩和塔狀玄武岩這兩種產狀，前者並為全台所獨有；終於在歷經一年後，我們解開了塔狀玄武岩的成因之謎，並發現「差異侵蝕」是主因。強烈的火山活動後，此地即全面進入海進時期，桂竹林層開始沉積，並在火成岩內的氣孔及裂隙形成豐富的次生礦物，其中含二氧化錳的文石只有本地才出產。約民國七十八年前後，此地因屬建築工地而被開挖，目前雖已面目全非，但我們還是盡全力為這塊寶地建立基本檔案，並即將在今年的暑假將它列為三峽免費旅遊公車的一個參觀景點。另外，我們還比較了長壽山和鄰近四個火成岩出產地〈其中三處屬新發現〉的玄武岩及次生礦物。

台灣氣候潮濕，黴菌及細菌無所不在，對健康及環境均造成污染，如何找出有效又經濟的殺菌方法？本實驗緣自2003 年科展成果後續探討，是不是除了在清潔力之外，能找到可以清潔又可殺菌的肥皂配方，一舉二得，給於更深入的延伸目的及發現，進而能做出更有深度的科學研究。本實驗是以天然素材、具環保、成本低且具殺菌力的肥皂為標的。為了使實驗結果更客觀，我們徵求班上同學的意見，選出外觀顏色最討喜的肥皂。綜合本次研究目的及實驗內容如下：(一) 回鍋油皂基添加哪些添加物可增加殺黴菌能力及殺細菌能力？哪一種效果最佳？(二) 把最好的三種殺菌添加物混合，殺黴菌能力及殺細菌能力如何？與沒有混合的比較？(三) 跟市面上印象中具清潔且殺菌品比較，殺黴菌能力及殺細菌能力如何？成本是否經濟？(四) 肥皂裡加入天然色素，能否改變顏色？顏色是否可變得漂亮？對殺黴菌能力及殺細菌能力有沒有影響？歷經十個月的實驗後，本組實驗得到結論摘要如下：(一) 本實驗所有添加物以「回鍋油+蜂蜜+抹茶皂」(以下簡稱蜂蜜抹茶皂)，不論殺黴菌、殺細菌上及使用成本表現最佳。(二) 本實驗自製肥皂，殺細菌能力平均比殺黴菌的能力好，以蜂蜜抹茶皂為例，殺細菌能力是100%，殺黴菌能力是62%。(三) 在殺黴菌能力及殺細菌能力上，比起市面上銷售的清潔殺菌品，本實驗成果(除酒精外)最佳。(四) 給廠商的建議：蜂蜜皂是一個很好的殺菌肥皂(殺黴菌效果50%，殺細菌效果100%)，成本低，顏色也很漂亮，但蜂蜜抹茶皂殺黴菌能力及殺細菌能力最佳(殺黴菌效果62%，殺細菌效果100%)。(五) 用黴菌或細菌作實驗不能涵蓋其他菌種的殺菌力，但因其他菌種取得困難或有危險，如SARS 的冠狀病毒、如禽流感病毒，都無法當成小學生的實驗，但我們可用同樣的科學精神，探討未來更多的研究主題，作更有價值的發現。

掃描式穿隧顯微鏡(Scanning Tunneling Microscope)，是在奈米尺度下觀察物體表面的一大利器。但一台精密的STM，造價動輒數百萬元新台幣，本研究嘗試利用簡單、便宜的材料，製作一台簡易的掃描式穿隧顯微鏡。眾所皆知：掃描式穿隧顯微鏡的關鍵，就是量子力學中的穿隧效應原理，及壓電材料的應用，所以這些主題都是本實驗涉及的內容。除此之外，我們也運用簡單的物理原理，取代價格高昂的儀器，例如：利用彈簧代替昂貴的避震系統等。此研究利用穿隧效應的原理，並進而利用電腦得知樣品表面的結構，以達顯微鏡觀察分析物體之功用。 ;The major purpose of our project is to assemble a simple scanning tunneling microscopy with cheap and available materials for ordinary senior high school students. For example, we use springs for damping instead of electromotive force device. Weweld all the electronic circuit boards for ourselves in order to not only lower the cost but also inspect the inner structure more clearly and precisely. After the microscopy is assembled, we will use it as an appliance to observe the samples of nano-particles. We must repeat this procedure several times so as to make sure that the images we’ve gained is true, not just some disturbances produced by the environment. Finally, the microscopy can be applied to research fields as well as academic courses.

在模式植物──阿拉伯芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）中，AtYAK1（Arabidopsis thaliana Yak1-related protein kinase）是目前發現唯一屬於DYRK（Dual specificity Yak1-Related protein Kinase）的蛋白激?。雖然之前研究已證明，不同物種之DYRKs 和細胞的生長與發育過程有關。然而，其在植物中的生理功能卻尚未被明確地研究報導過。在先前的研究中，為瞭解AtYAK1 在阿拉伯芥內作用之位置，前人選取AtYAK1 基因ATG 上游約2.5 kb 的序列（Upstream Element, 2.5KUSE）建構至一含有GUS（β-glucuronidase）報告基因的質體中，並轉形至阿拉伯芥，進行GUS 組織染色分析。但在初步結果中，並沒有在轉殖株觀察到明顯的GUS 表現。進一步分析，我們發現在2.5KUSE 序列末端約0.5 kb 的5’非轉譯區（5’untranslated region, 5’UTR）中，有四組開放讀序框（Upstream Open Reading Frame, uORF）。有趣的是，許多研究也顯示，uORFs 會影響轉譯過程中的再起始（re-initiation）作用而調控該基因的表現。另一方面，前人亦透過構築好的2KUSE 轉殖株（即不含有5’UTR）進行上述GUS 實驗。結果發現，此2KUSE 轉殖株的GUS 表現非常顯著。本實驗即要瞭解AtYAK1 的uORFs 是否也會影響其蛋白質的合成。首先，我們以點突變的方式將四組uORFs 中之ATG 換成TTG，目的為構築不含有uORFs 之5’UTR（mutated uORFs, ΔuORFs）。在進行原生質體短暫表現分析法（protoplast transient assay）及GUS 組織染色分析後，將結果與含有uORFs 的結果作比較：當缺乏uORFs 後，其3’端報告基因的表現量確實比原來顯著。綜合以上，我們認為此uORFs 對於AtYAK1 蛋白質之表現佔有相當重要的影響地位。最後，我們對5’非轉譯區是否存在開放讀序框進行阿拉伯芥全基因組分析，相關結果亦於本研究報告中分析討論。AtYAK1（Arabidopsis thaliana Yak1-related protein kinase）is the first DYRK（Dual specificity Yak1-Related protein Kinase ） family member identified in the model plant ─ Arabidopsis thaliana and exists as one copy gene in Arabidopsis. Previous studies showed that many eukaryotic DYRKs are involved in regulating the growth and development of cells. However, the study of AtYAK1 in Arabidopsis is lacking to date. In order to understand where AtYAK1 expresses and functions in plants, a 2.5 kb fragment which is located upstream from the major ATG of AtYAK1（termed Upstream Element, 2.5KUSE）was previously constructed to drive the expression of a reporter gene, GUS（β-glucuronidase）, in transgenic Arabidopsis. Much to our surprise, no GUS expression signal could be detected in such transgenic plants. When further analyses were performed, we found that there are four upstream open reading frames （uORFs） in the 5’untranslated region ( 5’UTR ) within the 2.5KUSE. Many studies indicating that the uORFs can regulate the translation of downstream ORF encoding the major gene product through the procedure of translation re-initiation. This action represents a mode of translational regulation for gene expression. Indeed, GUS activity could be readily detected in transgenic plants expression 2KUSE::GUS, a construct lacking the 5’UTR of AtYAK1. In this study, I have tried to elucidate whether the uORFs of AtYAK1 can regulate the translation of the downstream major ORF. First, in order to construct a 5’UTR fragment of which uORFs have been mutated（ΔuORFs）, we apply site-directed mutagenesis to substitute ATG with TTG for the four uORFs and examine the expression of GUS driven by this mutated 2.5KUSE. After analyzing the results in both Arabidopsis protoplast transient assay and transgenic Arabidopsis, stronger expression of reporter genes in both systems were observed when the four uORFs were mutated. We have also confirmed that, in transient expression system, the increase of reporter gene activity was not due to the excess accumulation of the corresponding mRNAs. Rather, it is the four uORFs which play an important role in negatively regulating the translation of AtYAK1, possibly via inhibiting the translation re-initiation of major ORF. A genome-wide examination of uORFs in all Arabidopsis genes was also performed to assess the possible contribution of uORF in regulating gene expression.

本研究自2005 年12 月開始，以臺北市內湖區大湖自公園死亡的漂浮琵琶鼠魚(Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish )為主要研究對象，探討外來物種與放生行為對大湖生態系的影響。 研究期間共觀察到死亡的琵琶鼠魚隻數計有1085 隻，可記錄到個體形質資料的隻數為910 隻，背鰭棘數則有11 棘、12 棘、13 棘與14 棘四種，分析四種不同棘數的琵琶鼠魚後發現：在體長、頭寬及吻到背鰭長度均無差異(p>0.05)，因此判斷所記錄的個體應是棘甲鯰科(Loricariidae) Pterygoplichthys 屬中的同一種魚種。由檢視魚體並分析記錄數量與環境因子相關性後推測：琵琶鼠魚死亡主因是劇烈起伏的溫度差異，其次是人為因素的刻意傷害。 所記錄到大湖池塘水棲動物有：環節動物、軟體動物、節肢動物、魚類、兩棲動物及爬行動物等六大類共34 種，其中外來物種有16 種，本地入侵物種有3 種，而這些外來動物進入大湖的主要管道應是由個人的棄養或放生行為所造成。琵琶鼠魚因繁殖能力強、具攻擊性、吞食其他魚種卵塊、可適應高污染水體及垂釣客對魚種的篩選等因素，而成為最具生存競爭能力的優勢魚種。不但造成大湖池塘呈現嚴重魚種單一化，更可由靜止水域大量擴散至流動水域。未來如何將政府相關部門、學術研究單位與民間社團等力量結合，共同防範大湖琵琶鼠魚的持續蔓延、宣導民眾正確的放生觀念、積極改善大湖水體污染狀況，並訂定完整之外來物種移除計畫，以期恢復大湖池塘物種歧異度，都將是刻不容緩的重要生態課題。;This research began in December of 2005. Focusing on dead floating Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish in Dahu Park, Nei-hu Distrct, Taipei city. We discuss the impacts of Alien and of behaviors of the release of captured animals on Dahu Park’s ecosystem. During observation period, there were totally 1085 dead Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish, of which 910 bodies were found. The number of the thorn bushes on dorsal fins includes 11, 12, 13,and 14. After analyzing four kinds of different thorn bushes, we find that no differences exist in Total length, Head width, Predorsal length (p>0.05). We hence conclude that the recorded object should be species with identical with Loricariidae Pterygoplichthys. With the inspection of the fish’s body and the analysis of the relevance of the recorded quantity and the environmental factor, we infer that the main reason of the Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish’s death is violent temperature differences and the second is attributed to human’s intentional abuse. The aquatic animals of Dahu Park amount to 34 kinds and six classes such as Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Pisces, Amphobian, and Reptilia. Among them, 16 kinds that are Alien and 3 kinds are Native Invasive Species. Intentional abandon and release behavior channel of these Alien to Dahu Park. Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish are highly productive, aggressive, and adaptable to highly polluted water. Besides, they eat ovums from other fishes. Moreover, they are not the fisher’s preference and hence often thrown back into pond once hooked . Thus, they become the most competitive survival fish species in Dahu Park. The high competitive ability of Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish causes Dahu Park to present a serious unification of fish species. This serious unification of fish species could also be spread from static water areas of Dahu Park to flowing water areas. According to our research, certain urgent ecological issues in Dahu Park are to take precautions against the spread of Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish, to promote the correct idea of releasing captured animals, to improve Dahu Park’s water pollution, and to stipulate a complete plan about eliminating Alien. Our research suggest that government’s relevant departments, academic research units, and folk corporations should be cooperated to achieve the above four goals. Once the four goals are achieved, we believe that the fish species of Dahu Park will be full of varieties again.

重金屬污染中，常見的有錳、銅、鋅、鐵、鎘、鎳等。研究指出，藻類有金屬吸附能力，在環保上，可處理金屬廢水。另外，有些金屬在低劑量會促進藻類生長，過量則會抑制其生長。利用此特性，希望藉金屬濃度與藻數目的高度相關迴歸方程式（R2>0.9），當作生物性的金屬檢測器。實驗中使用單細胞之等邊金藻（Isochrysis galbana）和具相同陰離子之重金屬溶液（ZnSO4、MnSO4、NiSO4、CuSO4）及非重金屬溶液（Na2SO4）進行共培養。結果，求得第7天之NiSO4及CuSO4與等邊金藻數目的高度相關迴歸方程式。利用此NiSO4及CuSO4金屬檢測器，可換算出1g之Na+型陽離子交換樹脂對200mM NiSO4的吸附率為29%，4g為88.9%。而Na+型陽離子交換樹脂對5mM CuSO4的吸附率則達100%。另外，並推測等邊金藻對200mM NiSO4與5mM CuSO4並無吸附力。

本研究以高頻阻抗分析儀，針對自製的電容器，以不同比率的三氧化二鐵加二氧化矽混合後所製成的電容器，對頻率、電容直及正切損耗能量直從事研究。實驗結果發現，在低頻率直到60Hz以內，其 Cp及D值變化非常大，明顯的下降，60Hz到1000Hz Cp及D值變化很小。由參考資料中電容器中的損失因數是介電材料是否適合於絕緣材料用途之最基本的準則，一般均希望具有低介電率。即使在最小的空間內也希望有高電容值，如電視、收音機中在介電材料的高頻應用。是故我們所製作的電容器以二氧化矽添加三氧化二鐵後高頻值其Cp值、D值較小，是適合於高頻需求的應用上。We report on the study of high frequency dielectric spetra. On the capacitance, it is made by mnyself. At various mixed ratio value of Fe?O? pius Sio?. In order to understand the frequency capacitance value Cp and tangent loss energy analysis D. The results of our work provide a large of low frequency in o Hz TO 60 Hz in Cp and D. It is obviously descend a small various frequence is 60 Hz to 1000Hz. From reference, we know capacitance energy loss factor is a purpose of suitable an insulator rule. In dielectric constant. We hope a low dielectric value and high capacitance. Even it is a small distance. For example TV. Radio. Etc. it is used to high frequency. So we made a capacitance in difference of Fe?o? pius Sio?. To provide the Cp and D. the value is small. So it can be used in high frequence demand.

在機械系統中，物件表面常產生磨損，但重要物件的磨損將會危及系統的操作及安全。本研究建立了表面磨損自動偵測警告系統，該系統包含監測系統、無線射頻資料讀取器、被動式無線射頻識別標籤(tag)、及電磁波隔離層等，並採”故障觸發”之方式運作。亦即在物件之表面下特定深度埋設有被動式無線射頻識別標籤，但該標籤外層覆有一層隔離層可隔絕該射頻資料讀取器之電磁波。 當物件表面尚未被磨損到特定深度前，讀取器之電波無法穿透電磁波隔離層而激發無線射頻識別標籤，因此無法讀到識別標籤之信息，系統將判定物件磨損狀況良好。等該物件過度磨損時，會把該電磁波隔離層磨除掉，使讀取器之電波可激發無線射頻識別標籤，而讀取到識別標籤內含之信息，系統因此可判別哪一個物件已有嚴重磨損之狀況，而自動提出警告信號。由於使用被動式識別標籤及故障觸發方法，本系統具有體積小、免電池、免維護、成本低、誤判率低等優點。測試結果以車輛輪胎的磨損為對象，證實本系統可以即時有效的偵測到車胎之過度磨損，保障行車之安全。

這個研究是針對臺灣皮竹節蟲及飛竹節蟲的生活史、食草等的比較，結果如下：這兩種竹節蟲的食草都屬多食性；觸角都是細細長長的。飛竹節蟲前翅退化成鱗片狀，後翅在成蟲時長出來；若蟲體色淺綠，成蟲體色是木色。臺灣皮竹節蟲的翅膀完全退化，若蟲體色都是草綠色；雄的成蟲轉成紅褐色。雄蟲的體型比雌蟲小很多；雌的成蟲還是草綠色。飛竹節蟲是孤雌生殖，卵具黏性，為有花紋的長橢圓形。臺灣皮竹節蟲是兩性生殖，卵無黏性，像種子般，具盒蓋，雄蟲、雌蟲一生會交配好幾次。兩種竹節蟲產卵量都很多，都約為 140 個~150 個。飛竹節蟲一年有 3~4 個世代，卵期約 63 天，生活史約 129 天。臺灣皮竹節蟲一年只有一世代，卵期約 255 天，生活史約 340 天。飛竹節蟲比較耐乾旱；臺灣皮竹節蟲則喜歡生活在陰暗、溼度高的雜木林底層。這兩種竹節蟲遇到天敵時都會裝死、自割，同時也是偽裝高手：不動如樹枝、隨風擺動，會模擬毒蠍；另外飛竹節蟲受到刺激會發出像人蔘的臭味，甚至會飛走。

三軸向六自由度動感平台（六軸平台）或稱史都華平台，最常見的用途是做為訓練用途的飛行模擬器或是娛樂用途的動感電影院。然而較鮮為人知的也被用於模擬地震來作為防震研究。六軸平台利用六支線性致動器的伸縮來控制平台姿態與加速度以製造出地震模擬波動來模擬地震。地震研究和人類生活最直接關係的就是房子的耐震研究。耐震取決於建築結構形狀及所使用之材料；結構決定了整個房子吸收或消除震盪能量的方式。本專題即是利用平台模擬集集地震和阪神地震來測試各種材料相同但結構不同之建築結構拓樸，以控制變因法來分析討論各種結構拓樸的耐震能力，把結構所能承受的最大相對振幅為數據做分析。本專題之部份研究亦參與2004年國家地震研究中心所舉辦之抗震盃競賽。 Three Axis Six Degree Of Freedom Motion Platforms, also named the Stewart Platform, are usually used for flight simulator in training purpose or for motion- theater in entertainment. Yet, the use of motion platform in earthquake simulation is rarely known in public. The motion platform uses 6 linear actuators to control position and acceleration to simulate earthquake. The direct connection between human life and earthquake research is to study quake-resistance of buildings. The quake-resistance depends on the structure and the material of the buildings. The structure decides how the building absorbs and/or eliminates the shaking energy. This project studies how different structure topologies stand in the simulated earthquake generated by a motion platform. Controlling factors method is utilized to discuss the quake-resistance of different structures. Data of the maximal resisted acceleration are also analyzed. A part of this research also participates in “IDEERS” contest held by the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE).