我發現萬花尺是由兩圓互繞，竟形成那麼特別的圖形，便開始研究圖形成的原因。我從動態模擬萬花尺機械作圖開始，發現機械作圖的原理是用齒輪控制圓形的轉動，以至於可以控制花瓣數量，試想，如果不是因為齒輪，機械作圖總有誤差，要維持大小兩圓半徑在整數比的情況下是非常困難的事情。處理外圈是橢圓的情形時更是如此。 處理完機械作圖後，我找出控制萬花尺圖形的擺線方程式，這時候有兩個重點： 一、試著用方程式模擬並解釋機械作圖的所有樣態。 二、利用方程式內抽象的係數變化，討論原本機械作圖無法作成的圖形，包含外輪擺線的部分。

超音波應用於臨床已行之有年，而以穿透式超音波打入腦部的想法也已提出，本實驗目的即為測試低強度間歇性超音波達到腦部受傷後治療的可能。本實驗採用星狀細胞培養模式來探討，首先以腫瘤壞死因子α(Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, TNF-α)模擬中風缺氧的狀態，並利用低強度間歇性超音波刺激星狀細胞，然後檢測其培養液中一氧化氮(nitric oxide, NO)的濃度變化，以及大腦衍生神經營養因子(Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor, BDNF)、神經膠質衍生神經營養因子(Glial-derived Neurotrophic Factor, GDNF)之mRNA 表現的情形。由實驗結果顯示，在TNF-α存在狀況下則能使NO 濃度上升，施打低強度間歇性超音波可促使NO 增加，並提升上述BDNF、GDNF 兩種蛋白質之mRNA 表現，BDNF 可幫助支持神經元生存，促使新神經元和突觸的發展及分化；GDNF 可有效提昇許多類型神經元生存率；而適當之NO 濃度可以調節神經傳遞物質釋放和腦血流，乃至於影響到記憶的產生。我們初步的結果也顯示在TNF-α存在下，超音波可以增加BDNF 及GDNF 蛋白之產生，因此本研究成果顯示低強度間歇性超音波可提供有利於神經元的環境。The ultrasound technology has been widely applied in the clinical practice for many years, such as monitoring of fetus, lithotripsy, rehabilitation after fracture, as well as the ultrasound stimulation of brain tissue, etc. The purpose of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the injured brain. In this study, we adopted the in vitro model of astrocyte cultures. The tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α) was used to simulate the condition of ischemic stroke. We used LIPUS to stimulate the cultured astrocytes, then we ssessed the concentration of nitric oride (NO) in the culture medium. We also assessed the expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) of both brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). The results showed that NO increased after the addition of TNF- α. In addition, treatment of LIPUS increased the expression of NO, as well as the mRNA of both BDNF and GDNF. The BDNF is able to support the survival of neuron, as well as stimulate differentiation of neurons and synapses. GDNF can also increase the survival of various kinds of neurons. Furthermore, NO may regulate the secretion of neurotransmitters, increase the blood flow in the brain, as well as enhance the processing of memory. Our preliminary results also demonstrated that both BDNF and GDNF protein increased in response to LIPUS in the presence of TNF-α. Therefore, treatment with LIPUS implicated an environment favoring the protection of neurons.

The paper is to research the method how to prevent the torque down under the higher rotation of the single cylinder with two stroke’s engine and increasing the engine’s torque oppositely. By the process of adjusting （1）changing the weight and the position of the balance block（2） adjusting the exhausting time of the outlet valve（3）to decrease the weight and structure of the crank itself adequately. it is find that the engine’s torque was increased at the situation of higher rotational engine. After the adjusting of the process we have the following result：（1）at the higher revolution zone of the engine. the torque can be maintained and increased（2）the higher revolute efficiently value can be obtained by the correct adjusting of the exhaust time of the outlet valve without increasing the fuel.本研究主要是探討單汽缸二行程高轉速引擎在高轉速時扭力能延遲下降，使扭力增加。我們是利用二行程引擎高效率的結構和現有空間來提升引擎效能。經(1)改變曲軸配重塊之重量及位子移動 (2)調整引擎排氣時間 (3)適度減輕曲軸重量及結構等三項，改良後證明，確定能使扭力提升，和延伸到較高的轉速區。經過調整程序，可獲下列重要結果：(1)在引擎高轉速時，可增加較大的扭力值 (2)藉由適當的排氣時間調整，在不增加燃油供給條件下，可獲得較高的迴轉效率。

南投溪頭米堤飯店在2001 年因土石流受創，產險公司以「土石流即是山崩」為由拒絕理賠。歷經5 年的訴訟後，2007 年1 月台灣高等法院認定，土石流屬保險契約中所規範的「洪水」，並非「山崩」，判決產險公司應給付賠償金。土石流究竟是洪水？是山崩？主要因素便是土石流發生的水文因子。本文藉由博愛村的現場調查及文獻探討先作初步資料分析（preliminary analysis），了解到地文因子(physiographical factor)是土石流發生的充分條件，非必要條件；一般僅考慮雨量因子，把地文因子看作常數（忽略地文因子受水文因子歷程(course)影響），簡單易懂，但在安全與經濟考量上有待討論。使用類神經網路對已發生過的土石流事件計算土石流發生臨界曲線，並使用模糊理論計算松鶴地區其受水文因子影響的土石流發生臨界曲線，這樣的模式，考慮似乎比較周到。由「米堤飯店」的例證，更說明土石流發生的水文因子的必要性。Lemidi hotel, Xitou, Nantou because mudflows and landslides and was wounded in 2001. The Insurance Company refused to settle a claim on the position on “A landside is a debris flow”. After the lawsuit which was going through 5 years. In January, 2007, the High Court of Taiwan asserted that the adversity in the 2001 belongs to “the flood” in the norm of the insurance agreement. As the norm of the insurance agreement said, the debris flows in the land is the flood, not the “landslide”. The High Court of Taiwan judged that the Insurance Company should compensate the Lemidi Hotel. Is debris low a landslide or a flood? The main cause is the Hydrology in the happening of a debris flow. We did preliminary analysis of forms by on-the-spot investigation on Song-Ho Village and reference discussing. We realized that physiographical factor is an abundant condition for a happening of a debris flow, not the essential condition. Generally, people only consider rainfall factor. And they consider physiographical factor as not as constant (neglect the influence of hydrology factor to physiographical factor). We can understand easily in that way. Therefore, in the aspect of security and economy, there is much doubt that is needed to be discussed. People who use neural network method to calculate the curve of the debris flow happening , and used fuzzy theory to calculate the curve of the debris flow happening which is influenced by the hydrology in Song-Ho Village. In that way, we may consider more thoughtful. From the example of the Lemidi Hotel in Nantou, we can prove that how necessary the hydrology factor in the debris flow is.

我們發現實驗課本所採用的維生素 C 定量方法有兩個缺點：(1)樣品「過濾」的時間長，(2)澄清度低，滴定終點不易明確判斷。本研究發現改用「離心」的前處理方法，可有效改善過濾法的缺點，而且經離心法處理的樣品，其維生素 C 含量最接近原汁。本研究也發現，將滴定用的靛酚溶液加過量，所呈現的玫瑰紅色，會因樣品中維生素 C 含量不同，而有色澤深淺的變化，若改用分光光度計測定樣品的吸光度，將吸光度的值代入維生素 C 的檢量線方程式中，就可計算出維生素 C 的含量。最後，分別將各種果汁樣品，添加已知量的維生素 C 在其中，結果發現「分光光度計法」的精準性並不比「靛酚滴定法」差，所以「分光光度計法」是一種快速且精準度佳的改良方法。

Nematophagous fungi can form different kind of trapping device to trap the nematodes when they show off. They may play a role for control of the plant and animal parasitic nematodes as an alterative choice beside regular practice. We attempt to investigate the adhesive’s attributes and the genes that encode trapping structures. Now we have already constructed the Arthrobotrys musiformis Fosmid library which will play a vital resource for specific genes analysis, cloning and characterization in the future. We have chosen two genes encoding protease and superoxide dismutase from Arthrobotrys musiformis, respectively, and will be used as probes to screen the Fosmid library. The relevent clone(s) will be subject to restrictive enzyme disection, Southern blotting or even whole Fosmid 40kb DNA fragment sequencing to discover the interesting and paramount genes. 線蟲捕捉菌在線蟲出現時可以產生型態各異的捕捉構造，捕捉或黏著線蟲。它是防治線蟲的另類選擇。本實驗是由生物的分生觀點切入，希望能夠了解線蟲捕捉菌Arthroborys musiformis於捕捉網表面之黏液生化特性以及控制產生捕捉構造的基因。目前已完成建 Arthrobotrys musiformis之Fosmid library，並且選擇兩組探針：蛋白質?(protease)以及超歧氧化?(superoxide dismutase)，將以PCR進行基因探針之DIG標定，之後篩檢Fosmid library，選殖出相關clone，進行限制?切割，南方氏雜合特性分析或40kbDNA全序列分析，尋找相關基因以利下游實驗工作之進行。

為什麼台灣的年降雨量遠遠高於世界降雨的平均，台灣卻還是排列在缺水國家的行列中，究竟問題出在什麼地方呢?本實驗主要便是在探究山坡坡度與降水量、泥沙淤積間的關係，以及在不同溫度及溼度的環境下，水分的蒸發情形。我們發現坡度15度時，土壤含水量最多。其原因可能是坡度較厚、流失的水量少所致。而在蒸發的實驗中，溫度愈高、溼度越低時的蒸發速率愈大。此外我們查詢了許多關於台灣水資源的資料，並將研究結果套入資料中換算。石門水庫每年蒸發掉將近1331萬立方公尺的水量，而台灣每年蒸發掉將近283.5立方公里的水量。

A program based on the simulated annealing (SA) algorithm was developed to allow for a longer-term prediction of the occurrence of solar flares, thus reducing the risks they may pose to astronauts, satellites, and ultimately the planet Earth. Sunspot data such as the solar cycle, the appearance of sunspots, the sun's magnetic field, the occurrence of solar flares and other factors that concern the sun were considered in the development of the algorithm. The program, coded in C++, included providing for an initial random state that pertained to the sun's state at a specified time. A neighborhood function was designed based on how sunspots are formed and how they disappear, and the probability function was designed using previous solar cycles to show relationships between the number of sunspots and the time it takes for the sun to reach solar maxima. Finally, the cooling function was designed as a representation of the time. Recorded sunspot counts obtained from the US National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) during the solar cycle 22 from 1986 to 1996 was used as test data. The output was compared to the actual recorded solar events or the period. The program was found to be 66.7% accurate in predicting solar flares when compared on a smoothed trendline, while it exhibited a 50.5% accuracy when comparing day-to-day data. Since solar flare acitivty is predicted in terms of the trend of activity and intensity, improving daily data accuracy is superfluous. Smoothed trendline prediction accuracy may however be improved by altering the importance of each factor in predicting solar flare activity and by devising a different sunspot classification scheme for intensity and activity.

The research is about the optimal on parallel processing. Through boot disk – which will automatically finish booting configuration, .it is efficient and quick to build high performance PC clusters. The advantage of parallel computing could be applied to massive image processing. By sharing processing and breaking huge processing load into lots of pieces, we could get more efficient result. It is also possible to optimal parallel system through some special means such as dynamic configuration. Through the means, the system could distribute work loading itself. It could also adjust itself to get the highest performance and the most stable environment. 本研究之目的在於探討平行處理中的計算資源的最佳化，透過自動完成開機設定的Boot Disk 來有效快速建製出高效率的PC Clusters 環境，並透過動態配置與類神經網路的校調，使整體叢集的運算能自動調整至最佳化。平行處理優勢，可以應用在耗費極大量的運算資源的影像處理上。透過運算資源分享，可以以很高的效率將極為龐大的運算工作分散成許多較小的程序，使影像處理速度加快。經由平行演算法及實際應用的調整，可對已成形之平行系統作效能上的加強。使用類神經網路的方式訓練，使其系統能夠自我分配運算工作量，且隨著各平行化程式與各節點的不同，能自我校調至最佳化，達到高效率且穩定的運算環境。\r 本研究透過高效率且能自我調校的運算環境，可用於優化其本身結構，以達到\r 演化出更進一步系統，具有相當大的發展潛力。

1.本研究將高中秒錶實驗的定性研究加以延伸，設計新流程以探討定量影響因素。預期目標為： (1)定義反應物的最初濃度與平均濃度，以①初期速率法與②微分迴歸法推導反應級數、速率常數。 (2)以③積分逼近法加以探究。 (3)由阿瑞尼士方程式推導活化能。 2.主要結論有四點： (1)以①、②法求出碘酸鉀的反應級數約為0.96~1.05級；亞硫酸氫鈉約為1.33~1.37級。不論採何法，高溫時所得速率常數較大。 (2)反應物的兩種濃度定義所獲結果，於反應級數無甚差異、但於速率常數則有差別。因此，反應物的濃度定義應明確區別。 (3)③法所得結果雖不精準，但由推導的過程深獲啟發。 (4)反應活化能約為8520 J /mol。 3.若實驗時數有限，可僅選做部分步驟，就可學習到三種數據分析的方法。

本研究是為了改善擦黑板時粉灰任意飄散的情形，在使用一般板擦擦黑板時，粉灰累積到一定的量，會開始掉落而飄散到空氣中，影響使用者的健康，有鑑於此，改善此情形是本實驗的目標。「擦黑板時，如果能增加板擦的吸附能力，可以減少飄散在空氣中的粉灰」，為本組之最大目的。起初我們找了許多方法，而最後以靜電原理設計裝置，在不破壞板擦原型的前提下，利用電線導引靜電於板擦上。經過多次實驗證實，將裝置裝於板擦後，其吸附粉灰的量有明顯增加，確立了靜電板擦之可行性，達到了本組之目的。