The Briggs Rauscher reaction (BR reaction) is one of the famous oscillating reactions; the aqueous mixture of KIO3, H2SO4, H2O2, C3H4O4, MnSO4, and starch exhibit color change between yellow and blue-purple repeatedly. The blue-purple color formation is due to the iodine test reaction caused by inclusions of polyiodides such as I3- and I5- in the helical structure of starch. Therefore, starch has been regarded as only an indicator in the BR reaction. But our seniors have found that the oscillation did not last without starch. They hypothesized that starch’s linear helical framework is necessary to elongate the lifetime of the oscillating reaction. If this hypothesis is correct, similar BR-type oscillations must be observed when other polymers with helical structures are used instead of starch. We found the literature which reports that polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) forms a helical structure and indicates the iodine test reaction. In our research, we studied the BR reactions using PVA, with different saponification degrees and viscosities. First, we studied the correlation between the structural features of PVA and the iodine color reaction by spectroscopic approach, exhibiting that PVA with low saponification form helical structures and show the iodine color reactions, which gives red color solutions. Second, we found that additions of the helical-structured PVA to the reaction solution instead of starch induces the BR-type oscillating reactions, while PVA without helical structure induces only a few numbers of oscillations. This is the world-first example of the oscillating reaction using PVA. The oscillation that lasted for 6 minutes with 23 oscillations was almost the same as that of the general BR reaction using starch. We concluded that the polymers with helical structures are intrinsic to elongate the lifetime of the BR reaction. Furthermore, we found that the addition of K3[Fe(CN)6], which has a high redox activity, in the reaction solution with PVA drastically elongated the lifetime (50 min) and increased the numbers of the oscillations (nearly 100 times). This result suggests that the oxidation-reduction reactions by the ferricyanide ion promotes the redox process of iodine and iodide ions.

In the present paper I studied the winter territories of the Eurasian Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes) in the urban environment of the city of Hradec Králové. The males of this species were detected through the aggressive reactions to the playback of its conspecific call. The Eurasian Wren territories were detected at seven out of the ten observation points in the city. The frequency of the territories decreased during the observation period from October to January and it was also affected by the structure of the biotope. It seemed that the wrens preferred trees and avoided lawns and isolated growths. That illustrates how important it is to maintain wildlife corridors in the cities. Individuals of seven other bird species were seen reacting to the playback of Eurasian Wren songs or warning calls. Eurasian Wren may be applied as an indicator species of the ecological value of the urban environment. Through this species, we can access such quality also for the human inhabitants.

塑膠垃圾汙染日益嚴重，為了替環境盡一份心力，我們決定研究生質塑膠膜。使用玉米澱粉和明膠為基底製做生質膜，調整各項材料比例，再進行拉力、吸水能力等物理特性及燃燒、土壤掩埋分解測試。發現自製生質塑膠膜的張力能夠高於市售塑膠；燃燒後質量縮減率也可達100%；經土壤掩埋一週後即可完全分解。 我們依據自製生質塑膠膜各種特性考量，選出最佳比例：[0.5%甘油水溶液100mL+2g明膠+2g玉米澱粉+1.5mL醋]生質膜，將其製成餐具外包裝、塑膠背心袋、鉛筆袋、物品外包裝等日常盛裝非水性物品之塑膠袋，證實自製生質塑膠膜可以達到和市售塑膠一樣的包裝及承重效果，丟棄燃燒後可大幅減少灰燼剩餘質量；經土壤掩埋後亦可在自然環境下完全分解，達環保目的。

為減少高溫造成的農業損失，了解植物耐熱機制成為重要的研究課題。其中植物熱逆境記憶受兩個熱誘導蛋白HSA32和HSP101之調控已在阿拉伯芥與水稻中被揭露，HSP101除了幫助蛋白質摺疊外，也可促進HSA32的累積，HSA32則延緩HSP101降解的速度而延長植物的熱逆境記憶。本研究以低等植物地錢作為為模式，探討植物熱逆境記憶機制之演化過程。生理實驗結果顯示地錢同樣具有熱逆境記憶現象；氨基酸序列的親緣樹表明高等植物與低等植物的HSA32明顯分成兩群，呼應先前互補實驗的結果，指出這兩群HSA32結構功能上的差異；如同高等植物，地錢HSA32和HSP101的表現均受熱誘導而活化。然而，初步結果顯示，不同於高等植物，地錢hsa32剔除突變株有更強的熱逆境記憶，顯示地錢HSA32的功能可能是抑制地錢的熱逆境記憶，未來需要進一步驗證。

本研究旨在探討台灣新北市某社區高中數學學科能力分組教學對數學成就之影響。研究追蹤該高中104、105及106學年度高二學生的數學成績到高三上學期。該校在105及106學年度對社會組實施數學學科能力分組教學(A、B、C組)，而本研究以105及106學年度的社會組學生成績為實驗組，104學年度的社會組學生成績為對照組；另一方面，本研究也以105及106學年度的自然組學生成績為另一組對照組；藉由學生高二至高三上學期間共九次的數學段考分數、高一入學會考成績及高三大學學測成績為研究工具，探討社會組學生是否因透過學科能力分組教學而提升數學成績。整體研究顯示，數學學科能力分組有助於提升社區高中B組學生的數學成就。

為能瞭解低海拔山區的螢火蟲資源，我們自2021年4月至2022年4月間調查新竹縣峨嵋鄉地區六寮古道螢火蟲資源，共記錄1科7屬15種，夜行性分別為黑翅螢、端黑螢、小紅黑翅螢、黃胸黑翅螢/保育類物種、黃脈翅螢、紅胸脈翅螢、梭德氏脈翅螢、紋胸黑翅螢(紋螢)、紅胸黑翅螢、山窗螢、橙螢、雙色垂鬚螢。日行性分別有、紅胸窗螢、赤腹窗螢、赤腹櫛角螢；在六寮古道發現的日行性皆為幼蟲。本研究將描述六寮古道螢火蟲物種多樣性、發生期、飼養觀察紀錄及古道地形地貌之考察，並探討其發光行為、食性及環境因子。同時也建立賞螢教育網，建議政府當局研究應研擬生態保育之對策，並進行獅頭山步道生態多樣性教育推廣。

全球貧血人口普遍，然許多人並不了解自身是否罹患貧血；長期患有貧血的病人，亦需定期抽血檢驗追蹤是否有貧血惡化達到需接受輸血的程度。研究顯示，結膜之顏色與貧血有絕對關係，結膜越白則貧血越嚴重，醫師也常使用結膜顏色推測是否有貧血情形。若能設計手機軟體自動分割結膜影像並分析其顏色，將有機會推測受試者是否罹患貧血。本研究收集22位無貧血者及8位貧血病人，並獲得其近期血紅素數值。以手機取得受試者之眼睛影像後，成功設計程式以深度學習完成結膜自動影像分割，對於分割影像以面積大小進行後期處理後，依其取得下眼瞼結膜之三原色平均，再利用kNN與SVM演算法判斷預測出該受試者是否具有貧血之症狀。本研究主要分為兩階段，其一為進行下眼瞼結膜分割模型訓練；其二為製作有無貧血之判斷模型。整合上述眼瞼分割模型(IoU=89.8%±0.02%)與貧血判斷模型(SVM以polynomial核函數測出 準確值93.3%±24.3%)後，可得貧血診斷準確率為80%。此結果代表AI技術有機會透過結膜影像，判斷被拍攝者是否有貧血情形，未來若能增加研究人數，將可設計網頁版或手機APP加以推測血紅素值，供大眾居家篩檢。

Food sustainability is key to human survival. Robotic solutions have started playing large roles in automating farming tasks in order to assist with crop yield and the efficiency of production. Due to the unreliability of and lack of manual labour in many parts of the world, Agribots are playing bigger roles. One of the biggest advantages of Agribots is that they can operate 24/7, 365 days a year without payment. Agribots are being used more often in dairy farms to milk cows while others are used to shear sheep. Agribots are fast becoming very important to farmers by gathering valuable data; milking cows; automating animal feed; measuring the right amount of pest control, detecting weeds and pests, harvesting and ploughing with unmanned tractors. In many parts of the world farm labour is scarce and difficult to come by. In 南非 for example farm labourers endure gruesome attacks. These attacks on farmers result in the closure of the farm for an extended period of time resulting in the loss of large quantities of crops. Food sustainability is dire in Africa and many parts of the world. “Each day, 25,000 people, including more than 10,000 children, die from hunger and related causes. Some 854 million people worldwide are estimated to be undernourished, and high food prices may drive another 100 million into poverty and hunger. . 90 percent of the world’s farms produce over 80 percent of the world’s food. They also manage about 75 percent of farmland worldwide. Yet, paradoxically, these farmers are often poor and food insecure themselves. Due to the increase in the world’s population annually, there is a growing demand for food. This has led to increasing pressure on farmers to produce crops. In order to meet this demand, farming innovations are vital for the future of food and agriculture. Constant innovations in agriculture is thus needed to constantly feed a growing and increasing population. Innovation in agriculture is also critical to help farmers use resources in better and more efficient ways. “Innovation is one of our best tools for creating a #ZeroHunger world.

實驗構想來自部落耆老童年玩具，從製作竹蜻蜓與發射系統，過程中嘗試解決許多實作上的問題，最後用手電鑽帶動漁網線，透過線和竹蜻蜓尾桿的摩擦力讓它本身旋轉。在它旋轉時打擊空氣分子產生康達效應，因失去能量而產生升力，當升力比它的重力加空氣阻力大時，它會慢慢脫離發射台，最終目標讓竹蜻蜓停留在空中時間最長。實驗中設計不同對葉片竹蜻蜓在尾桿纏繞線不同圈數下，觀察它停留在空中的時間，最後結果發現在穩定條件下，因為二對葉片具有比一對葉片大的升力，且比三對葉片輕之特性，所以二對葉片停留空中時間最長。此次研究不僅能讓實作加入物理基本原理，更能探究實務與理論上差別，且融入到原住民文化課程中，從中思辨出文化與科學的智慧。

第一代版的瓦斯爐節能熱水器製作是在爐架外圈包一層薄的銅片，增加熱收集面積，銲接銅管環繞外圍通水循環收集熱能，二代瓦斯爐節能熱水器製作的水路是在設計在瓦斯爐節能熱水器裡面，熱收集面積效率更佳，水道收集四面八方熱量，這樣產出的熱水溫度比一代高。我們將瓦斯爐節能熱水器做成內凹式斜面，這樣火到鍋底時會在將熱能反射到瓦斯爐節能熱水器斜面，讓熱能更集中在鍋底且防風效果佳。 系統功能方面，當瓦斯爐開火後，「瓦斯爐節能熱水器」溫度感測器偵測到溫度上升時，水循環便開始啟動回收熱量。設有水位偵測器，當儲水桶內水量有變化時，顯示介面的水位指示燈會顯示訊息。熱水管路有加裝洩壓閥保護，避免壓力過高造成危險。使用者也可以透過手機APP 監控系統情況。

中華粗仰椿(Enithares sinica (Stål, 1854))屬於漸進變態的水棲昆蟲，從卵到成蟲約2個月，需蛻皮5次。雄蟲的後足腿節基部各有一突刺，雌蟲則無此構造，雄、雌體長相當。屬於肉食性，偏好在水中上層活動，在50隻孑孓裡，華椿成蟲一天平均吃食孑孓46隻，且雌蟲食量大於雄蟲，建議可當生物防治孑孓的物種。可藉由視覺(光影變化)、振動(腹部尾端有4根明顯的感覺毛)來偵測獵物存在的位置，但嗅覺相對不明顯。滑動一次後足前進的距離約為體長的21.68倍。攻擊獵物模式為:偵測→趨向→鎖定→攻擊，華椿處理一隻孑孓的時間約8分30秒。華椿偵測到獵物的距離為7.79cm; 有效把握攻擊距離為3.10cm。攻擊獵物的時間約0.084秒，在同樣有蛹及孑孓的環境下，捕食蚊子蛹的機率比起孑孓還要高。

我們從課堂中挑戰題出發，從高中數學的「餘式定理」、「數學歸納法」與「遞迴關係式」來對「費氏數列」進行討論。在簡單的多項式除法問題中，找到關於費氏數列的規律，並延伸找到與之密切相關的「盧卡斯數列」。此外，我們將研究中的費氏數列推廣至廣義費氏數列，以及遞迴關係更一般的廣義二階遞迴數列。我們將觀察得到對於二階遞迴數列的結果，用「數學歸納法」的方式證明。更將二次方的研究，延伸至三階遞迴、四階遞迴等高階遞迴的規律。並且找到當高次方時，符合前述關係的係數為對應階數特定矩陣特徵方程式的性質。我們也找出高次方中，特徵方程式各項係數的遞迴規律與巴斯卡三角形的特定關係。