本研究希望透過測試安全帽結構提升其吸收撞擊力能量能力，以期增加日常生活經常使用的安全帽之安全性。而根據過往經驗，我們選擇具彈性的橡膠墊、刮泥板及受力時可變硬且吸收衝擊力的非牛頓流體，以及作為改變安全帽結構的實驗材料，並在文獻研究後自行設計出縮小尺寸的安全帽結構模型（後文稱測試模型），與模擬安全帽遭受撞擊的裝置來進行實驗。從實驗結果與影像軟體分析及動、位能相關公式分析可知，橡膠墊、刮泥板及非牛頓流體對測試模型吸收衝擊力能量有幫助。我們也以此為依據討論將橡膠墊、非牛頓流體加入真實安全帽的可行性，期望以此研究對生活有實質性幫助。

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is one of the preferred online optimization algorithms. However, one of its major drawbacks is its predisposition to forgetting previous data when optimizing through a data stream, also known as catastrophic interference. In this project, we attempt to mitigate this drawback by proposing a new low-cost approach which incorporates backward queried images with SGD during online training. Under this new approach, we propose that for every new training sample through the data stream, the neural network is optimized using the corresponding backward queried image from the initial dataset. After compiling the accuracy of the proposed method and SGD under a data-stream of 50,000 training cases with 10,000 test cases and comparing our algorithm to SGD, we see substantial improvements in the performance of the neural network with two different MNIST datasets (Fashion and Kuzushiji), classifying the MNIST datasets at a high accuracy for the mean, minimum, lower quartile, median, and upper quartile, while maintaining lower standard deviation in performance, demonstrating that our proposed algorithm can be a potential alternative to online SGD.

A traditional helicopter requires 60 - 80% more power to hover than when in forward or lateral flight, making the manoeuvre extremely power inefficient. To maximise efficiency, industrially many properties of the helicopter and rotor have been changed and tested, for example: optimising blade shape, fuselage shape and changing weights of different helicopter components. This report in particular aims to find a relationship between power efficiency and angular velocity for a twin bladed hovering helicopter with a single rotor. The angular velocity of a blade measures the frequency of its revolution about a fixed point. A theoretical approach was first taken and then justified with empirical data. Firstly, a model for power efficiency was derived with William Froude’s momentum and blade element theory. The efficiency equations incorporated the thrust and power coefficients. Therefore, the research focused on determining values for these coefficients by manipulating equations, using industrial specifications and simulations from the XFOIL software. In order to validate the accuracy for such theoretically generated data, an experiment was conducted for a comparison. The theoretical and empirical data were concurrent, as they followed a similar trend and the empirical values overlapped within the theoretical error bars. The power efficiency for different angular velocities were then found by substituting values for the coefficients. The results demonstrated a positive relationship; where, as angular velocity increases, power efficiency increases too, then plateaus and repeats the same trend once again. The research raises many questions and could be extended by determining if a similar relationship exists for tri-copters and quadcopters.

寵物產業發展蓬勃，其中以犬貓為大宗，隨之而來的就是養寵物產生的垃圾處理問題，目前動物毛多被回收使用作為保暖衣物又或成為清潔海洋油汙汙染的工具，然而多數的動物毛仍被社會視為垃圾，因此有別於一般紙張由植物纖維來製作，本實驗將透過動物纖維來造紙，探討動物纖維造紙的可能性。本實驗針對不同比例的狗毛再生紙做吸水、吸油、保溫、書寫、耐摺度測試，找出較佳製作狗毛再生紙的比例；接著分類狗毛顏色，運用最佳比例製作彩色狗毛紙，探討狗毛紙張使用多樣性。最後發現狗毛紙張不易書寫，卻耐摺、保溫、吸油，動物纖維親水性較植物纖維差，故狗毛再生紙有很大的潛力可以作為書皮、包裝紙、保溫紙、吸油芳香等其他用途紙張。

本研究探討手持式紅外線溫度計做為低雲雲底實際高度測量的可能性，並探討其中可能影響紅外線溫度計測量之因素。我們發現：若直接以紅外線溫度計測得之雲底溫度換算高度，其與實際高度相差甚多。我們模擬測量雲底時的情形，探討比雲底高溫之空氣對於紅外線溫度計的影響。對大氣吸收與放射紅外線設計了兩種實驗加以了解。我們認為：當我們使用手持式紅外線溫度計測量雲底溫度時，雲底所發散的紅外線大部分被靠近雲底之大氣吸收，實際測量時雲底溫度高估之結果，應為紅外線溫度計視線範圍內靠近地表之大氣輻射紅外線總量綜合之結果，難以測量到雲底所發散的紅外線。

本研究成功開發高端鳳梨酒釀製方法，有助農民疏解鳳梨產銷問題。從以折光計測定酒精度，發現該方法有濃度限制性，經實驗提出正確的測定方式，成功應用在鳳梨酒的酒精檢測。探討乙醇與水的非加成性，避免配製時產生誤差；也探討折光計測定酒精需在50%內才有準確結果。高端鳳梨酒的製造，探討最佳釀造條件如糖添加量、溫度、酵母菌、及蒸餾等。結果顯示鳳梨汁在25°Brix糖度、與酵母菌重量比100:1、於15°C-25°C發酵僅需4~6天即可完成，糖的分解率高達75%，可降低成本，靜置3月蒸餾可得鳳梨風味酒。本方法可降低成本，提升售價，提高農民收入並解決鳳梨過剩問題，此模式也能用於其他產量過剩的水果。經蒸餾收集的高濃度酒精，也能用來調配成殺病毒的酒精。

可利用Tracker軟體成功量化斜拋鋼珠之X軸及Y軸的分量速度。斜拋撞擊接觸面實驗：小粒徑材質，鋼珠越重則寬深比值越大且形似橢圓；中粒徑材質，鋼珠越大坑洞寬深比愈小，大粒徑材質，在120°角度時鋼珠越大則坑洞寬深比愈小。接觸面為小粒徑砂石加上麵粉其比例為2：1形成混合層鋼珠為16mm時，其拋體運動所形成的坑洞寬深比與隕石坑相似。自由落體實驗結果皆為鋼珠粒徑愈大其寬深比值越大，接觸面為小粒徑材質時寬深比大小差異不大，且相較於斜拋之寬深比小許多，較近似月球隕石坑之實際寬深比值；接觸面積為小粒徑加上麵粉則呈現出測量坑洞的深度趨於一致，且寬度則與重量大小正相關。

最近看到媒體報導，住家火災發生時，因為無法逃生，常造成不可彌補的遺憾。我們猜想，若是校園中，一旦發生火警或地震，處於室內的師生，一瞬間湧向出口時，是否會因為出口前擺置的櫃子或桌子阻隔，導致疏散效率不佳，造成更大的傷亡？ 我們提出一個簡單的室內模型，看看在出口前，若是設有阻隔物，是否有助於人員的分流，進而提高疏散的效率，或者，出口前的阻隔物，反而會形成疏散時的阻礙，延緩逃生的效率？ 實驗發現，出口前若設置單一阻隔物，的確會增加疏散的時間，雖然延緩的時間有限，但對於逃生來說，每一秒鐘都是珍貴的。因此，現實生活中的教室，在出口門前，應該儘量保持淨空，以因應緊急逃生的狀況。

本文旨在探討兩圓重疊區域內之內接三角形的最大面積，我們從等半徑之兩圓到相異半徑之兩圓，從特殊化(兩圓互過另一圓之圓心)到一般化(不限定是否通過圓心)分別進行分析。隨著兩圓半徑、連心線長等變數的不同，我們觀察到內接最大面積三角形的形狀變化，及其面積的計算方式，最後我們推導出一般化的結果。

我的研究是在m×n層的教室座位圖，每位同學只能朝前後左右移動一格的情形下，有幾種交換座位的方法數探討。我利用圖形分析方式，得出以下四個主要結論：（1）座位圖為奇數時就無法進行交換座位，某些座位圖為偶數時亦無法進行交換座位。（2）透過樹狀圖分析發現2×n交換座位的方法數為費氏數列的完全平方數。（3）利用木棒擺放的圖形方式來解釋交換座位的情形，進而推導出交換座位方法數為兩兩互換座位方法數的完全平方數。（4）找到了2×n、3×n、4×n交換座位方法數的遞迴關係及規律和2×2×2之立體圖形的交換座位方法數。

The present research has as main objective to degrade the post-cured photopolymer of the stereolithography 3D printer resin using Galleria mellonella larvae. It is necessary to consider that the use of materials from 3D printers tends to increase considerably and in approximately seven years about 10% of everything that will be produced in the world will come from this type of printing. Considering also that the increase in population growth and technological development are directly linked to the increase of solid waste on the planet, in particular to polymeric materials, there is a need to degrade and give an adequate end to waste, avoiding a notorious accumulation along the time. For this purpose, Galleria mellonella larvae will be used because of it's comprovated capacity to degrade polyethylene, to find out if it is capable of biodegrading the post-cured resin of the printer. To carry out the research, compositional tests were done in partnership with the SENAI Institute for Innovation in Polymer Engineering, located in São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, and the creation of the larvae and degradation of the photopolymer will be carried out in partnership with the University Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA). The data analysis will be based on the crystallinity determination tests by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy (ATR) that will also be applied in the larvae feces after contact with the polymer to assess for degradation. As a result of the compositional tests, the ATR showed predominantly characteristic absorptions of acrylic resin; in the TGA test, the loss of mass described in the test is related to the loss of mass of organic material, mainly polymer. Finally, in the DSC test a thermal event was observed in the heating of the sample, with peaks at 125 ° C (Tpm), characteristic of fusion, and a thermal event in the cooling of the sample, in 112 ° C (Tpc), characteristic of crystallization. Based on the analysis of the results obtained, it is possible to infer that most of the composition of the photopolymer is acrylic resin, widely used in stereolithography 3D printers. The research has the future objective of isolating the substance into the larvae responsible for degradation so that it can be degraded on industrial scales. The research started in March 2020 and is still under development due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which compromised the planned tests.

Silica capillaries have been an integral part of the instrumentation used in many areas of analytical chemistry for decades, especially in analytical separations. In most cases, they are used without treatment, occasionally forceless chemical surface treatments are made to suppress or enhance the activity of silanol groups. The aim of this work was to disrupt the inner surface of the capillary, perfectly smooth from manufactory, so that relatively coarse and various structures would be created, and to study their influence on the separation efficiency. The uniqueness of the used solution is based on the use of special properties of water exposed to high temperatures and pressures (supercritical water), which is able to disrupt this chemically inert material because of its aggressivity. In total, over 2000 experiments were carried out in order to define conditions suitable for the formation of various types of surface structures. Due to the high amount of resulting data, our own database application was created, allowing not only to save the picture of the structure and experimental conditions information, but also to clearly sort them out and create image reports according to the specified parameters. Samples representing individual types of structures were then selected from this database and a number of silica capillaries with a configuration suitable for electromigration analyzes were prepared. The creation of a structured surface in the input part of the separation capillary enabled the separation of some classes of substances and biosamples, which cannot be analyzed on standard capillaries with a smooth surface. An example is the complete separation of two strains of Staphyllococcus aureus bacteria (MRSA and MSSA), or the use of the absorbing capabilities of a structured surface to study the interactions of these bacteria with bacteriophages. This ability was also used in the determination of Aspergillus fungus in a sample taken directly from the patient's lungs, where there was achieved a significant increase in the sensitivity of the analysis. Structured capillaries can also be used in the analysis of food samples, i.e., for the separation of β-lactoglobulins A and B in cow's milk, which belong to its main allergens.