To-be static objects, such as bridges, volcanoes, seldom move ordinarily but have mini displacement only under special conditions, like flood or earthquakes. Therefore, how to measure their mini displacement has never become fully popular with scientists’ research. Then, beginning with “ Optical Lever Theorem”, through a series of speculation and discussion, I decide to use laser ray as light source to perform an experiment ------- trying to find objects with mini displacement in our daily lives, such as revolving electric fans, engine-opening motorcycles, shaken trees, testing their magnifying effect first. Next, I try to use the control-experiment method to find out the magnifying relation and formula of the rotation angle of the plane mirror and the displacement quantity of light focus. As to the measure of mini displacement on objects, I utilize the pillar mirror as a reflection plane to research the magnifying relation of reflection light focus and original displacement quantity. The image made from the light focus of pillar mirror’s reflection, however, isn’t so perfect that I have to use a special plastic-made light-concentrating mirror, which is also called “ Fresnel Lens ”, to focalize the light for easy observation. Besides, I find out the “ function graph ” of the mini displacement quantity on to-be static objects and the displacement quantity of reflection light focus. At last, I try to build up a “ Bridge Alarm System ” of Optical Lever Theorem. 準靜物如橋樑、火山，由於平常不輕易移動，只有在特殊情況下（如洪水、地震）時，才會發生位移的現象。因此，其微小變位如何測量，一向是科學界較少探討的題目。於是，先由光學槓桿原理著手，經過一番思考、探討，決定採用雷射光作為光源，並作了第一個實驗－－找生活中具極微小變位的東西，如轉動中的電扇、引擎發動的摩托車、被搖動的樹木等，先測試其放大效果。接著就試圖用控制變因的方法，找出平面鏡旋轉角度和光點平移量的放大關係和公式。至於物體微小的平移量之測量，則是利用柱面鏡作為反射面，來探討反射光點的位移與本來的平移量之放大關係。然而，柱面鏡的反射光點成像並不理想，於是用一種特製的塑膠集光鏡，又稱Fresnel Lens，將光點集中以利觀測，並且找出準靜物之微小平移量及反射光點的位移量的函數圖形。最後，嘗試建立一套光學槓桿式的「橋樑預警系統」。

Ambient vibration, the movement of the ground caused by transient objects such as the relative to values obtained using the commercial recorder. The natural ambient vibration of a control site was simultaneously obtained using the mechanical prototype and the commercial recorder, which were situated next to each other during the actual recording. Moreover, both sensors were used to record a control stimulus for a constant amount of time. The data obtained from these subparts were processed using WinWaveShot which quantified and presented ambient vibration as waves. The deviations of the maximum and minimum amplitudes, mode and median values of these waves, as graphed by DADiSP2002, was performed to verify the accuracy or reliability of the prototype. These graphs were converted to their DFT graphs and histograms, with accompanying converted wave properties which characterized the predominant frequency. Based from the results, the recordings obtained from the mAVR are proportional from the ones obtained from the eAVR. Therefore, the mechanical prototype is capable of recording the predominant frequency of a site. The prototype, when improved, is a potential alternative to commercial sensors since it is able to record actual movements and its scale is proportional to the scale of the eAVR. Since the prototype was constructed and can be reproduced from readily available and inexpensive materials, ambient vibration analysis can be used more commonly by architects and engineers for construction purposes. To verify the reliability of the values obtained using the prototype, the ambient vibration of other sites must be recorded and compared to those using the eAVR. wind, sounds and human activities, is one major site effect evaluation method presently used. The respective predominant frequencies of a site and the structures above it obtained using this method serve as reference to the renovation and/or construction of structures. Predominant frequencies of the landmass and the structures above it should be non-identical to avoid prolonged shaking with the occurrence of an extensive movement of the ground as dictated by resonance effect. Since electronic ambient vibration or microtremor recorders, specifically their sensors, are expensive and inaccessible, a mechanical prototype of such device was designed and constructed. The proposed design of the mechanical ambient vibration recorder (mAVR) was mainly based on the IRIS Seismograph which makes use of the principle of electromagnetic induction. The relationship between ground motion and the movement of the prototype lever, which is a direct proportion, was the concept highlighted by the prototype’s mechanism. After the design of the mAVR prototype was finalized, its assembly, which consisted of the calibration of the solenoid and the inertial mass, was performed. The calibration of the solenoid was based on the voltage output of its solenoid based on the number of turns while the inertial mass was determined based on the equilibrium level of the prototype lever. Having proven the mAVR’s capacity to function by simulating stimulus, the testing of its accuracy was done with two setups: recording of (1) natural and (2) induced ambient vibration. This tested the prototype’s accuracy

我們利用 Ia 型超新星來驗證討論哈伯定律(Vr = H ×d )與測量哈伯常數、探討宇宙年齡，並討論宇宙加速膨脹的可能性、哈伯常數是否為恆定值等。利用網路找出Ia型超新星觀測資料，並借由此型超新星可當成標準燭光(StandardCandle)的特殊性質，我們可以很容易算出星體的距離d ，再借由觀測到的紅移值(RedShift)可算出星體遠離我們的徑向速度 Vr (Radial Velocity)，最後再利用數值方法求出最佳擬合直線來得到哈伯常數。我們從資料、各式理論進行討論分析，認為宇宙極有可能在加速膨脹，意即哈伯常數並非恆定值。我們得到的哈伯常數分為高、低紅移兩部分，以低紅移超新星測量到的哈伯常數~57.6km/s/Mpc；以高紅移超新星測量到的哈伯常數~ 30.6/km sMpc；並綜合高、低紅移超新星，測量到的哈伯常數~ 31.7/km sMpc。若假設哈伯常數為恆定值，低紅移資料對應的之宇宙年齡約 170 億年；高紅移資料對應之宇宙年齡約 319 億年；綜合高低紅移資料對應之宇宙年齡約 309 億年。由於宇宙極可能加速膨脹，哈伯常數極可能是時間的函數，所以宇宙年齡可能也並非簡單哈伯常數的倒數就可算出。

本研究旨在探討海藻酸鈉、澱粉及兩者混和成膜的特性，並討論上述薄膜添加氯化鈣進行交聯後對薄膜特性的影響及應用，希望將薄膜進一步應用在生活中。研究發現支鏈澱粉含量多所組成的薄膜，黏性高、易破、厚度最薄；添加澱粉量愈多的薄膜愈硬脆，若提高海藻酸鈉濃度可使膜較為平整柔軟；與氯化鈣交聯成膜則會使薄膜厚度增加、面積縮小；添加澱粉的海藻酸鈣薄膜吸水率提高，3%糯米粉乾粉混合膜的吸水率達99%最高，薄膜乾燥前期的含水率下降速率較快，將此薄膜重複吸水，第一次吸水量最高，之後的吸水量減低且往復吸水、乾燥的速率提高，將薄膜添加水晶寶寶可使吸水量增加製成吸水墊，以期取代目前生鮮食材用的PE淋膜不織布吸水紙，將能更具環保價值。

Synthesis of Polymer Material and its Decomposing Processes Because plastic cannot be decomposed naturally by itself, therefore, additives needed to be added to facile the decomposing process. Let us choose one common material: thermoformed Nylon 66. During the formation process, addition of glucose powder and monosaccharide polymerized will result in yielding the products of methyl cellulose, soluble starch and agar powder. Observe whether adding additives would allow changes to occur structurally, or would the elasticity be improved when exist in a linear state, or even it would form a better pH resistance property. According to the experiments, when Nylon 66 contains methyl cellulose, it can sustain the highest tension. Its coefficient of elasticity is 2 times as large as the original one. In terms of the data, we can also observe that when Nylon66 contains soluble starch, it has the lowest ability to sustain tension. Besides, it has the lowest coefficient of elasticity. And when Nylon 66 contains cellulose, it has the highest rate in the process of decomposing.As we look at the surface of polymers under 400 diameters, we can observe that the Nylon 66 with agar powder has some filiferous substance. But we have not confirmed what the matter is. 由於塑膠不能在自然情況下順利分解，所以我們在塑膠中添加其他成分使塑膠可以較易 分解。我們選定常見的塑膠—熱塑性的耐綸-66。在聚合物的製作過程中添加葡萄糖、澱粉、 洋菜粉末以及甲基纖維素，並觀察加入添加物的塑膠在結構上是否有變化？其塑膠在線型時 之張力是否有增強？耐酸鹼性是否有變化？由實驗結果我們可以得知含有甲基纖維素之耐綸 -66 所能承受之張力強度最高，且其彈性係數也比無添加物之耐綸-66 高出近2 倍；而含可溶 性澱粉之耐綸-66 所能承受之張力最小，且彈性係數也最低。此外，進行生物分解的實驗可發 現，含葡萄糖的耐綸-66 分解的速率最快。使用400 倍的光學顯微鏡可發現含有洋菜粉末的耐 綸-66 表面與其他耐綸-66 複合材料差異較大，值得進一步研究。

山粉圓種子表面有許多小凹陷結構，泡水時，纖維狀物從種子表面慢慢長出。能吸自身重量23倍的水量，保濕性長達26小時以上，在高或低溫乾燥後，仍具復水率70%以上。可附著在多種材質上，對土壤顆顆及細小貝殼有固著作用。種子外膜在一般酸鹼溶液中保持穩定，遇強鹼會被溶解，和酸、醇溶液作用不明顯。可被果膠酶分解，和木瓜酵素有相互作用。主要由高分子多醣類組成，具許多分支，也含胺基酸、蛋白質、脂質及植物激素的先驅物。正常環境下，去膜有助發芽，有膜延緩發芽，此與其對抗不適發芽的環境是否有關，尚待研究。種子外膜吸附性佳，會和多種色素及懸浮顆子作用，未來有潛力應用於吸附汙染物、毒物，或利用其保濕性，發展面膜或藥布等醫藥產品。

本研究一開始利用稀碘液測試食物的變色，發現稀碘液與澱粉類食物產生交互作用後會變成紫黑色，我利用此特性測試紙餐具中是否含有澱粉，結果發現餐具不但含有澱粉，還含有防腐劑，所以我建議大家多用環保杯。不僅如此，利用稀碘液和澱粉的交互作用，發現了稀碘液可以修正許多物品，如：木盒子、眼鏡、假牙等。

給定一平面E，A為平面上一點。取r>0，則我們知道到其距離為定值的點形成一圓，而A為此圓圓心。如果把A改成一平面圖形，則到其距離為定值的點形成的集合會是什麼樣子？類似地，給定平面上兩焦點F1及F2在平面上，則到其距離和為定值的點形成橢圓。同樣的，若把F1及F2改成平面圖形，其圖形會是什麼樣子？藉著GSP的輔助，到目前為止，我們得到了以下的結果： \r 1. 給定一平面E及此平面上的一個凸多邊形, 我們描繪出在此平面上到此凸多邊形之距離為定值的點所形成的圖形。\r 2. 設F1和F2分別為平面E上之點或線段或多邊形（未必是凸多邊形），我們利用包絡線描繪出所有滿足d(P,F1)+d(P,F2)=k（k夠大）的點所形成的圖形。 \r 3. 設C1,C2為平面E上之兩圓，我們討論所有滿足 d(P,C1)+d(P,C2)=k\r （k夠大）的點形成的圖形並討論其性質。 \r 4. 設L1和L2分別為平面E上之兩線段，我們討論所有滿足d(P,L1)+d(P,L2)=k（k夠大）的點形成的圖形並討論其性質。 \r 5. 設A為平面E上之一點，Γ為平面上一凸多邊形，我們討論所有滿足d(P,A)+D(P,Γ)=k（k夠大）的點形成的集合並討論其特性。 \r 6. 藉由和圓作比較，我們研究了變形圓的光學性質；而對變形橢圓也做類似的討論。\r Let E be a plane and A a fixed point on E. Given , it is known that all of the points on E with distance to 0r>rA form a circle and the point A is called the center of this circle. What is the corresponding graph if we replace the point A with a set (for example,a segament or a polygon) contained in FE? Similarly, what is the case when we modify the two focuses and in the definition of an ellcpse to sets and (or example,two segments or two polygons) contained in 1F2F1F2FE ? Taking advantages of GSP and analytic geomety, we research related situations and so far we have obtained the following results:\r 1. Let Γ?E be a segment, a convex polygon or a circle , etc. and r>0 be fixed. We sketch the graph of points on E with distance r to Γ and study properties of such graphs.\r 2. Let F1 and F2 be singletons, line segments , polygons(may not be convex), or circles,etc., on E Taking advantage of envelopes, we sketch the graph of those points P on E satisfying d(P,F1)=k(K>0 is large enough).\r 3. Let C1 and C2 be circles on 1C2CE. We sketch the graph of the points P on E that satisfiy d(P,C1)6d(P,C2)=k (k>0 is large enough) and study properties of this graph.\r 4. Let L1 and L2 be two line segments on E and be a large enough constant. We sketch the graph of points P on E that satisfy d(P,L1)+d(P,L2)=k(k >0is large enough) and research properties of this graph. 0k>\r 5. Let A?E and be a convex polygon on ΓE. We sketch the graph of points on E that satisfy d(P,L1)+d(P,L2)=k(k>0 is large enough) and research properties of this graph.\r 6.We compare the optical properties of metamorphic circles with circles and we deal with metamorphic ellipses similiarly.

SMS.Link-INTERACTIVE is a system that facilitates the exchange\r of information between a central computer server and a remote cellular\r phone user, and allows remote modification of data in the computer\r through SMS. A cellular phone with a GSM modem is connected to the\r computer physically via a data cable. A program in the computer is\r notified whenever the cellular phone receives new messages, processes\r new messages by first authenticating the user’s identity, then checks for\r the information being asked for, as well as the changes that the user wants\r to be done. Information is then retrieved from a database in the computer\r and the appropriate changes are made. A message containing the\r requested information and a list of changes done is then sent to the user\r through SMS.\r Tests were made to get the speed of the system. Accuracy tests were\r done to determine if the program was able to ascertain the validity of the\r user correctly, return the requested data, and change the specified\r information.\r Using this system, doctors can access a patient’s data and change\r prescriptions; teachers can correct errors in grades; clubhouse personnel\r can add memberships; all these from a remote location by sending a SMS\r request to the cellular phone connected to the server.

今天上自然課，老師要我們作科展，我回家後就開始找題目來做，因為可以做的時間不多。我忽然想到參觀前年本校校內科展時，一個有趣的問題，裡面的內容大約鎚這樣的： 有一位落魄的王子在別國做錯事，那裡的國王要殺掉他，就為他出了一個難題，要王子和另外八個死刑犯站在一起，讓一位公主來數，從第一個開始，數到七，就殺死那個人，一直數，數到就殺，但如果最後剩下王子沒死，王子就可以回國。最後公主用智慧救了王子回國了。 當時我覺得他們解決這問題，如果犯人的人數隨便改，或改成不是七個一數呢？我記得他們每次都要從新算，而且要算很久，因此我認為他們並沒有研究出這類問題的一些關係，所以我就決定用這個題目來做這次科展的問題。

為了更加了解「微生物分解塑膠之過程」，我們開始從周遭的土壤中做篩菌，並使用市面上常見的生物可分解塑膠PLA及回收場蒐集的PLA做為我們篩菌的目標物，透過觀察乳化過後的PLA透明度變化，找出最有效率的一株菌種，再開始進行純化，如此反覆操作，直到找到我們所需要的單一菌落。送去鑑定機構分析結果發現這株菌的酵素跟菌保中心專門分解PLA的菌都有產生PLA分解酵素的基因片段，同時這株菌是新種，所以我們將它命名為「HEY」。此菌在能與菌保中心的菌一樣分解PLA的同時，也能有效分解另一種生物可分解塑膠PHB，所以我們開始測定「HEY」對PLA以及PHB的分解效率。

The study is to investigate Taiwanese tardigrades,and the research of that is few. Tardigrades are commonly called water bears and have been identified more than 750 species. Limno-terrestrial tardigrades are small, 0.2-0.5 mm in length, and mostly found in moss cushions growing on rocks, soil, or the wall of houses. When the environment dehydrates in dry weather, Tardigrades desiccate into a reversible state of metabolic suspension called cryptobiosis. We have been finding a number of tardigrades in moss at many places in Taoyuan country. First, we put the moss on the dissected microscope to seek for tardigrades, and then placed it on the microscope for photographing and observing. The study is mainly focus on Taiwanese tardigrades. we have classified 11 Taiwanese species in four families（Echiniscidae,Calohypsibiidae,Milnesiidae and Macrobiotidae）, making Chinese keys of classification. From the habitat envoriment, the species, the density and the diversity we survey as well as the most suitable pH envoriment we experiment, we approach the relationship between the distribution of tardigrades and their habitat. Besides, we also research lots of conditions which bring cryptobiosis and make culture medium in order to inspect its living. These results indicate that tardigrades desiccate into cryptobiosis in ten munites in acid rain(pH4.65). From outdoor surveys, we have noticed tardigrades can’t be found in the moss right next to road.The length of each family is: Calohypsibiidae＞Milnesiidae Milnesium＞Macrobiotidae＞Echiniscidae. 此研究是探討台灣熊蟲，而有關台灣熊蟲的文獻資料極少。熊蟲屬於緩步門，體長約 0.2-0.5 mm，熊蟲在不利的環境會蟄伏，環境有利時又會膨脹而復甦，而其構造系統不因此而破壞。 我們在桃園縣多處的苔蘚發現熊蟲，我們先將採集的苔蘚放至解剖顯微鏡下尋找熊蟲，再由複式顯微鏡觀察構造並拍照紀錄。研究主要是探討台灣本地的熊蟲，我們已分類出十一種台灣熊蟲，製作中文檢索表。藉由觀測採集環境和所測的密度、歧異度和種類，及實驗出其最適宜的 pH值，探討環境對其分布的影響。也探討各種因素與蟄伏的關係，製作培養基以觀測其生活史。研究結果顯示：1.已經分類出台灣有緩步門四科（端爪科、Calohypsibiidae科、Milnesiidae科和 Macrobiotidae科）十一種熊蟲。2. 污染嚴重或環境髒亂的地方，不會有熊蟲的存在，且熊蟲有群居性。3. 端爪科(棕色)熊蟲在 pH4.65（台灣都會區雨的酸鹼值）以下的液體環境活動力明顯降低。4.熊蟲多分布在高溼度（87.5~90.4％）的地方，不分布在中低溼度 （76％以下） 的地區。5. 各科的體長為 Calohypsibiidae科＞Milnesiidae科 Milnesium屬＞Macrobiotidae科＞端爪科。