本研究主要探討蝌蚪之游泳運動特性，及游泳速度(V)與尾鰭長度(SL)、尾鰭高度(SH)、身體質量(M)、尾鰭擺動頻率(TBF)、擺動幅度(AMP)之關係，並分析蝌蚪游泳之體軸變化及流場變化。祈能了解蝌蚪之游泳運動特性，進而探討其適應環境之機制。研究結果顯示：黑眶蟾蜍蝌蚪體重(M)愈重，則鰭長、鰭高亦隨之生長，並呈現高度相關性(R2=0.9381、R2=0.9809)。另外，尾鰭生長時之長度增加較多。蝌蚪體重(M)與鰭長(SL)、鰭高(SH)之迴歸方程式(M=0.027SL＋0.342SH－0.078，R2＝0.9832)。黑眶蟾蜍蝌蚪之游泳速度，會隨著尾鰭擺動頻率之增加而提高。尾鰭長度愈短之蝌蚪，增加游泳速度時尾鰭擺動頻率增加較多。蝌蚪游泳速度(V)與鰭長(SL)、擺動頻率(TBF)之迴歸方程式(V=0.480TBF＋4.804SL－4.381，R2＝0.9110)。不同尾鰭長度蝌蚪之擺幅對體長之比率並無明顯變化，其擺動幅度(AMP)的範圍介於0.45(BL)至0.56(BL)之間。蝌蚪游泳時各部分體軸之擺動幅度自吻端開始(P=0)至P 為0.24 時逐漸遞減，且在P 為0.24 時呈現最小擺幅，但P 超過0.24 之後直至尾鰭部分卻又大幅遞增，其最大值出現在尾鰭末端(P=1)。蝌蚪游泳是以尾鰭快速向中心軸擺動，產生較大的前進動力，過了軸線則慢速擺動，以減少阻力。This investigation is to explore the swimming habits of tadpoles- the relationship between their swimming velocity, length and height of their tails, mass, the frequency at which their tails movement, and the amplitude of the tail’s movement, as well as analysis their body axes, and the flow distribution of the water, in order to understand how the swimming patterns of the tadpoles are affected by the changes in their environment. The results of this investigation have shown that as the mass of the tadpoles increases, both the length and the height of their tails also increase according to the R values of the tail increases according to the R values of 0.9381 and 0.9809. However, it is observed the length of the tail increases at a faster rate than its height during the tadpoles’s growth. The formula which models the regression relationship between the tadpole’s mass, tail length, and tail height are found to be (M=0.027SL+0.342SH-0.078,R=0.9832). It’s also noted that as the length of the tadpole’s tail decreases, the velocity and the frequency of the tail would increases (the length of the tail is inversely proportional to the tadpole’s velocity and tail frequency). The formula which models the regression relationship between the tadpole’s velocity, tail length and tail frequency is (V=0.480TBF+4.804SL-4.381,R=0.9110) The different frequency model by tails of different lengths do not appear to have an apparent relationship with the tail length, given that the amplitude is between 0.45(BL) and 0.56(BL). As the tadpole swims, the angle between its oscillating body axes decrease as the P values increases from 0 to 0.24, their force the angle is at a minimum whom the P is at 0.24.Yet when P exceeds 0.24 the angle would increase dramatically. The maximum value is observed when P=1.The tadpole’s swimming motion mainly relays on the rapid oscillations of the tail about the centre of mass (body axis)-producing a stronger driving force, and slowing down towards the end of each oscillation to minimise the friction forces acting on the tadpole, which in furn, decrease its velocity.

利用陰極電弧蒸鍍各種薄膜，如：類鑽膜（DLC）、氮化鈦膜（TiN）、氮化鉻膜（CrN）、氮化鋁鈦膜（TiAlN）以及先披覆上一層氮化鋁鈦膜（TiAlN）再加上類鑽膜（DLC）的合成膜等。這些薄膜現在已經被廣泛的應用於各種刀具、模具的表面處理之中。本研究主要在探討高速鋼鍍上氮化鉻膜（CrN）之後，對於硬度、磨耗性質的改變，以及觀察氮化鉻膜（CrN）表面結構之組織。 在研究中我們運用陰極電弧蒸鍍系統蒸鍍氮化鉻薄膜，分析上運用SEM來觀察薄膜表面結構組織，以及運用洛氏微硬度機來觀察試片的硬度，另外還有使用磨耗試驗機來進行磨耗測試。以上這些測試總括來說都是在得知性質有無實際上的改變，而這些實際上的改變對於蒸鍍之後的模具或刀具都能夠大幅的提高使用的壽命。 We evaporated different kinds of thin films by using the anode of the electronic arc, such as DLC (Diamond-Like Carbon), TiN (Titanium Nitride), CrN (Chromium Nitride), TiAlN (Titanium Aluminum Nitride), and synthetic films of covering TiAlN and DLC. These thin films have been used widely in processing the surface of a variety of cutters and moulds. The purposes of this research were to investigate changes of hardness and abrasion and to observe the organization of the surface structure of CrN after High-speed steel evaporates CrN. In this study, we use the system of the anode of electronic arc to evaporate CrN. Besides, SEM is used to observe the organization of the surface structure of the thin films and Rockwell Micro-hardness Test Machine is used to investigate hardness of testing samples. Moreover, we use Abrasion Tester to test abrasion. These tests are taken to lead to a better understanding whether the quality really changed. These changes of evaporated moulds or cutters would extend their frequency of using.

最接近地球的星球當屬月球及太陽，古人如何測量太陽與地球的距離，一直是我們好奇所在。

「大指蝦蛄」為夜行性動物，喜歡躲於洞穴中，故具有背光性與向觸性，牠的地域觀念很強，不會任意離開居所。「大指蝦蛄」在有居所、體型差距越大、晚間、饑餓、黑暗、小空間等情境下，其打鬥與爭奪居所行為會較強，而且打鬥行為強弱與爭奪居所成敗，具有高度相關性。

本研究動機由於在五年級上學期牛頓第九冊第一單元光和顏色課程，曾做過彩虹的實驗，但我們在實驗時始終無法清楚看到彩虹，於是引起了我們對彩虹研究的興趣。研究過程分四個步驟來進行：分別是（1）利用簡易的噴霧器是否能製造彩虹？（2）不同噴水量的噴霧器在太陽光底下觀察彩虹的清晰度？（3）不同顏色的背景，哪一種背景下所看到的彩虹最清晰？（4）如何營造出在教學上最易觀察到彩虹的方法？實驗結果發現，製造出彩虹是容易的，只要具備噴霧器水量、無雲的陽光，在較暗的背景（黑色最佳）的情況下就可以很容易看到彩虹。另外便於實際教學上可以自己準備一個紙箱子，內部貼上黑色壁報紙，將箱子、觀察者與太陽方位以順時針135 度或225 度所觀看的角度最佳。

本研究取鯖魚白肉、血合肉、去皮魚肉及含皮魚肉蒸熟均質後做成魚肉慕斯；另將鯖魚頭蒸煮過濾，分液漏斗分離油脂，冷風乾燥製成魚膠，將魚膠以25%、50%、75%、全魚膠分別取代慕斯中的吉利丁。發現魚肉慕斯及魚膠慕斯經過6天，揮發性鹽基態氮仍在10mg/100g以下顯示極新鮮；物性測定發現魚膠比市售膠彈性高；黏著性以白肉慕斯最高。成分分析發現魚肉慕斯蛋白質及灰分含量均比純慕斯高；脂肪及熱量以純慕斯最高。感官品評以ANOVA程式及內部喜好性地圖分析後，魚肉慕斯是可開發；魚膠慕斯性質多與吉利丁慕斯無差異且口感約有85%的支持率，表示魚膠取代吉利丁是可行的。全魚膠魚肉慕斯具獨特性，營養高、熱量少且受青睞，未來值得推廣且具提高鯖魚經濟價值之潛力。

本研究建立蟑螂(Periplaneta americana)之包囊作用(encapsulation)的觀察與測量方法，探討二氧化碳麻醉、植入物表面蛋白分子結構、可逆性與性別等因子，對免疫反應程度的效應，並研究敵我辨識與免疫的記憶性等特性。我們發現當異體的觸角被植入時，蟑螂體內所產生的包囊作用較自體觸角強烈，顯示具有辨識敵我的能力，且不同的生物性與非生物性植入物，所引發之包囊作用的反應程度亦不同。若分別先植入少量自體或異體組織，三日後再比較自體與異體觸角所引發的包囊作用程度，發現自體與異體組織的記憶效應不盡相同，我們證實蟑螂不但具免疫記憶性，且記憶性質具有促進性與抑制性兩種。另外我們也發現，雌蟲的免疫反應會大於雄蟲。

目前仍無法準確預測地震，不過在地震發生前，主震附近有中地震活化、整體地震活動下降及地震規模頻率分布特性(b值)降低的現象。在規模大於6.0的地震中，低b值處會顯示出震央的大約位置，而震央處b值占背景值比例則會在大地震發生前一年下降。本研究便利用分析b值檢驗上述理論是否正確，並進一步利用更多地震檢驗能否以此方法預報地震的時間與位置。並期待未來能做為地震預測研究之參考。 本研究分析台灣1994年至2010年所發生七個規模大於6.0之地震b值圖樣，發現台灣東部地震震央附近低b值區隨時間接近大地震，有縮小、接近震央和b值降低現象，推判為大地震發生位置之前兆。而此七個地震b值占背景值比例趨勢中，有六個在大地震發生前一年有降低趨勢，符合文獻中(Wu等人，2006, 2008)認為大地震前b值會減少的理論。此外，b值趨勢降低之處中有約71%確實在隔年有大地震發生，由此推測可查看b值趨勢觀察大地震是否發生，如有下降現象，推判隔年有大地震發生的機率較高。

蚯蚓的種類不少，至今已知約8000種，其中包括體長超過2公尺長的巨無霸蚯蚓，也有不到1公分的迷你型，牠們的壽命有長有短，因種類而異。不少種類的蚯蚓交尾後，把卵產在土裡，入冬前就死亡，活不到1年，但也有壽命達2年，甚至活了5、6年的記錄。 以壽命不到一年的蚯蚓來說，牠們在3、4月間孵化，在8、9月進入繁殖期，在11月前產卵。由於抗寒性較差，有些蚯蚓還會鑽到較更深的地裡或到溫暖的地方過冬，所以初春時還能看到牠們，但牠們還能活多久，由於沒有野外調查資料，不得而知。不過，在室內飼養的蚯蚓可以活5、6年。 在野外造成蚯蚓死亡的原因不少，如鼬、獾、鼴鼠、尖鼠、在地上活動的多種鳥類，以及肉食性昆蟲，都是蚯蚓主要的天敵。另外，原生動物中的孢子蟲類、多種線蟲，甚至一些寄生蠅、黑蠅，也以蚯蚓為寄主。還有，地震、山崩等地層的變化，對蚯蚓棲所的破壞，也是使牠不能長壽的原因。 在大雨過後，我們常會看到蚯蚓爬到地上被太陽晒死晒乾的畫面，這些蚯蚓以沒被寄生者居多。根據專家的研究，這是因為流入土中的雨水所含的二氧化碳較多，沒被寄生的蚯蚓由於呼吸正常，需要較多的氧氣，不得不爬到地面上來，但經過陽光的直射，受到紫外線的照射後，漸漸陷入麻痺狀態，終告死亡。

本研究主要探討電解液之帶電離子在磁場中的動力行為。為了觀察更細微的結果，共歷經三代裝置改良，第一代用五個電錶及探針測量徑向橫截面上五點的電壓，所測數值電壓有下降趨勢但不足以呈現細微部份的變化。第二代利用電壓感應線、搭配平移台及電腦，呈現連續性且經數位處理之結果，出現電壓升降的電荷堆積現象。第三代為了更精確，將裝置結構及器材上改良。觀察到在磁場作用下有旋轉現象，改變電極極性時，會有順逆時鐘方向的改變，且只有電解質液才會有旋轉。更可以使用帶電質點受到勞倫茲力F=q(VxB)理論解釋。且旋轉中的電解液比沒有旋轉時，析出的銅量少，反應溫度升高快，電解液內電壓分布因電荷堆積造成的高低起伏。經過改變磁場強度、電解液濃度，不銅價離子電解液，結果濃度大、磁場大、離子數較多者，呈現電壓分布圖快速變化，彎曲大。This thesis report is the study of combining the moving charged particles under the perpendicular magnetic field. By using the theory of moving and electrolysis, the electrolytic liquid will swirl through the particular arrangement of the horizontal cylinders enclosed in a circular enclosure container and strong magnet. Then, the researcher observes the force situation of the charge in the magnetic field and discusses the differences of the electrolysis effect, which is experimented under the different conditions, such as, in the magnetic field or no-magnetic field. Furthermore, the researchers discuss the conduction of voltage spreading and interfering when the moving electrons under different position of two electrodes and under the different interaction of electric field and the magnetic field. And the changing reason as follow: （1）the magnetic field strength. （2）the concentration of the electrolytic liquid. （3）electrolytic solution. When the experiment group compared with the comparison group, the result may provide fundamental understanding as follow：（1） The researchers can find out the charged particles rotating in the magnetic field. And it proved the moving condition when the moving electrons in the magnetic field. （2） This experiment can be used in judging the solution, which I electrolytes, or not. （3） This experiment also proved for Arrhenius’s ionic theory. （4） The researchers found out the quantity of Cuprun decrease, the rise in temperature and the reducing in voltage.

本研究由下述問題開始：將n1 個黑色棋子和n2 個白色棋子排成一列，規定第一個棋子必為黑棋；對於每一種排列方法中，同色棋相鄰處記為1，異色棋相鄰處記為-1，所有1 和-1 的總和記為 t (n1,n2 )。對所有可能的排列方法所算出來的t( n1,n2 ) 值求其平均值，記為a (n1,n2 ) 。我們先由觀察各種n1 和n2 值，得到這平均值的可能公式，隨後並嚴格證明其正確性，證明方法也經過多次精鍊到十分簡潔的方式。以此為基礎，我們並做了各方向的推廣，研究涉及下列各點：(一) 利用組合數探討原來的問題。(二) 在第一個棋子不限定為黑棋的假設下，求平均值a( n1,n2 ) 。(三) 將棋子由兩種增加到多種。(四) 改變棋子排列以及相鄰的方式。經由研究，我們發現，每一次愈將問題推廣時，愈能找出清晰的概念涵蓋並印證先前的想法。Our study starts with the following problem. Suppose n1 black chesses and n2 white chesses are arranged in a line under the condition that the first chess is black. For any arrangement of these chesses, an adjacent pair of chesses having the same (respectively, different) colors is associated with a value of 1 (respectively, -1). Let t(n1,n2 ) denote the sum of these values. The purpose of this problem is to calculate the average value a (n1,n2 ) of these t (n1,n2 )which runs over all possible arrangements of the chesses described above. We begin from observing various values of n1 and n2 and find a possible formula for the solution. We then give a rigorous proof for the formula. After some refinements, simple proofs are also established. Based on this, we also make some generalizations. In summary, the research includes the following: 1. Study the problem by using binomial coefficients. 2. Calculate a(n1,n2 ) when t( n1,n2 ) runs over all possible arrangements in which the first chess can be black or white. 3. Increase the types of chesses from two to many. 4. Variant the arrangement method of the chesses from a line to other configurations. During the study, we find that whenever we extend the problem to a more general case, we make the ideas for the original problem clearer.

SMS.Link-INTERACTIVE is a system that facilitates the exchange\r of information between a central computer server and a remote cellular\r phone user, and allows remote modification of data in the computer\r through SMS. A cellular phone with a GSM modem is connected to the\r computer physically via a data cable. A program in the computer is\r notified whenever the cellular phone receives new messages, processes\r new messages by first authenticating the user’s identity, then checks for\r the information being asked for, as well as the changes that the user wants\r to be done. Information is then retrieved from a database in the computer\r and the appropriate changes are made. A message containing the\r requested information and a list of changes done is then sent to the user\r through SMS.\r Tests were made to get the speed of the system. Accuracy tests were\r done to determine if the program was able to ascertain the validity of the\r user correctly, return the requested data, and change the specified\r information.\r Using this system, doctors can access a patient’s data and change\r prescriptions; teachers can correct errors in grades; clubhouse personnel\r can add memberships; all these from a remote location by sending a SMS\r request to the cellular phone connected to the server.