Successful calving is measured by the safe delivery of a healthy calf. Any factors that\r cause dystocia (difficult calving) are undesirable; as it will result in weak or dead calves, stress\r dams and a decrease in profit to the rancher. The most often identified reason for dystocia are\r calves that are too large at birth. Ranchers frequently use sires that will result in calves with\r small birth weights that will be born easy. This is especially true when breeding first calving\r heifers. The selection for small calves at birth results not only in less growth in the uterus but\r also less growth after birth, which means less beef to sell. This means ranchers try to balance\r reasonable growth and reasonable calf size when selecting their sires. Much data has been\r published on birth weight and its selection.

此項研究是用溶氧計連續偵測培養液中之溶氧量，藉以分析固氮\r 單胞藻RF-1 的光合韻律。實驗的結果清楚地看出RF-1 之光合韻律，\r 而且能夠清晰地觀察到其中光合作用、呼吸作用和固氮作用之間的相\r 互關係。研究中還發現：在不進行光合作用時，RF-1 的固氮作用也\r 會停止；另一方面，在有進行光合作用、但是停止固氮作用的狀況下，\r RF-1 光合作用之韻律現象會喪失。這些實驗結果值得未來更深入地\r 探討。報告中也包括了單胞藻PCC6803 的光合韻律實驗，藉以做為\r 有固氮能力與沒有固氮能力藍綠藻之間的對照。The variation of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the culture of the\r unicellular nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Synechococcus RF-1\r under diurnal light/dark condition was detected automatically by DO\r meter. The results indicated that the algae exhibited circadian\r photosynthetic rhythm. The results also revealed that a respiration\r rhythm occurred at dark phase when the culture was grown in\r nitrogen-free medium. There was correlation between the rhythm of\r photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation. The nitrogen-fixing activity\r could not be detected if the photosynthesis was stop by cultivated\r under continuous darkness. On the other hand, the rhythm of\r photosynthesis could not persist when the nitrogen-fixing activity\r was inhibited by NaNO3. In order to compare the difference\r between Synechococcus RF-1 and the cyanobacterium, which\r cannot fix nitrogen, the DO pattern of Synechocystis PCC6803 was\r also investigated.

我們利用化學課本介紹的反應方程式，設計製造及收集乙烯的方法。再依化學課本所列會與乙烯反應的物質如過錳酸鉀等，加上有吸附作用的活性炭等物質，測試其吸收乙烯的能力。結果以活性炭及過錳酸鉀水溶液效果最好。因此選擇這兩種製作乙烯吸收劑，我們由實際測試，證實切的蘋果會釋放乙烯，且只要極微量的乙烯就對植物有重大影響。我們的實驗結果顯示，應用自製的乙烯吸收劑，配合嚴密的攔阻設計，可有效減弱乙烯對植物的影響，若控制得當，可進一步影響綠豆芽的長短與粗細，也能有效操控綠色香蕉的成熟速率。

在哺乳動物裡，硫酸化是一種參與外來物解毒作用、內生組織的荷爾蒙調節、藥物代謝及膽汁解毒之重要路徑。其中， SULTZ ( hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase ）是能進行上述反應的酵素之一，為了對 SULTZ 的功能與早期發育所扮演的角色作進一步的研究，在本實驗中，我們以班馬魚為模式動物，希望藉由原位雜交法（ in situ hybridization ）找到 SULTZ 在班馬魚早期胚胎發育的 RNA 表現位置。由目前的實驗結果，發現從卵巢到1-cell、 dome 、 50 ％一 epiboly 、 12 小時，都可在胚胎細胞看到訊號表現 · 在 24 小時、 36 小時、 48 小時、 72 小時則可在脊椎兩側體節的肌肉、內胚層、嗅窩、頭部看到訊號表現，此外，在成腦的原位雜交染色結果中亦看到了訊號表現。由此可推論 SULTZ 在斑馬魚早期發育確實扮演了重要的角色。Sulphonation is an important pathway for detoxification of xenobioties, bile acids, drug metabolism, and the regulation of endogenous hormones. SULT2 (hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase) is one of the enzymes which catalyse sulphonation. Zebrafish has emerged as a popular animal model in recent years. Compared with other vertebrates, it provides advantages including ease to get embryos, rapid external development, virtually transparent embryos and ease of genetic manipulation. The above-mentioned strong points made zebrafish a good model animal for us to understand the function of SULT2 during early embryonic development. We performed in situ hybridization to find out the RNA expression of SULT2 during zerbrafish early development. According to our present results, we can detect expression signal on the edge of telencephalon and tectum opticum. the edge on the dorsal zone of corpus cerebelli and ventral zone of periventircular hypothalamus of the adult brain. Besides, we can observe signal evenly distributed in blastocytes of the embryo at 1-cell, dome. 50%-epiboly and 12 hours after fertilization. We also find signal on the muscle next to the spinal cord during the stages of 24, 36, 48 and 72hrs. There are also expressions on hypoblast of embryos at 24, 36 and 72hrs, the olfactory pit at 36 and 4hrs, and strong expression in head region at 48 and 72hrs. These results suggest that SULT2 may have some function at the early development of zebrafish.

正方形兩條對角線的交點（即中心點）距四頂點等長，也與四邊等距。如果將正方形的頂點比擬成它的「手」，兩對角線的交點當成它的「心」，則兩個正方形頂點間、中心點間、或頂點與中心點間的線段相連（或重合），就如同「手」或「心」彼此相連。本文即探索當多個正方形間「心手相連」時，衍生圖形間的面積關係。而四個正方形中某幾個頂點相接（邊未重疊），恰圍出兩個三角形的圖形則是本內容討論圖形的主體架構，我們以此架構向外作出「層出不窮」的正方形，再配合中心點連接成四邊形，將推導出這些四邊形與基準正方形（Reference Square）間的面積關係。In a square, the lengths from the intersection point （center point） of two diagonal lines to the four apexes are the same, and so are they from that point to the four sides. If the apexes are “hands” and the intersection point of two diagonal lines is the “heart” of a square, the connection or overlap of two squares’ apexes and apexes, center point and center point, or apexes and center points is just like the connection of hands with hearts. In this article, hence, we are to explore the relation in area of derivative graphs formed by several squares connected “heart in hand.” When some apexes of four squares are overlain without sides overlapped, two triangles are created. And that’s the theme we are going to discuss. Furthermore, we extend the operation to infinitely overlain squares and frame out quadrangles referring to the center points of some squares. Then, the relation in areas of these overlapped squares and the Reference Square would be deduced.

台灣從早期的農業社會轉型為工業社會後，螺絲產業就扮演著重要角色，為台灣賺取大量外匯並建立起「螺絲王國」美譽，至今產量依舊屢創新高。傳統產業在在3C 產業發達後已漸勢微， 但螺絲產業卻能屹立不搖， 可見該產業在台灣極具競爭優勢。螺絲工廠的螺絲製作過程中，螺絲頭部十字穴的成型，傳統的技術是靠老師傅的經驗來校正模具，耗費時間且不科學，新手更是靠摸索來達成模具的校正，本研究是藉此儀器讓模具校正時能精確找出螺絲頭部十字穴的偏心位置與偏心量， 藉此調整模具， 達到快速定位的要求， 節省工時。

根據國語日報 96 年 1 月 5 日回收廢電池~小學生拯救地球的文章中，指出一顆廢棄的一號電池，丟棄在泥土中，流出的有害金屬，就會使兩張報紙面積大小的土壤永遠~死亡，永遠生長不出美麗的花草。一粒鈕扣電池就會使 600 噸的水無法飲用，相當於一個人一生的飲水量，對自然環境威脅很大，間接威脅到人類的健康。全球經濟發展，社會的進步和人口快速成長，使人類對能源的需求量有增無減，對能源的依賴程度也與日俱增。新型綠色環保電池近年來已投入使用或正在研製，所以我們希望能夠利用海水當電解質和鋁及無污染的備長炭和竹炭來做電池。我們自製的小型電池是屬於普通電池，將化學能轉換成電能的裝置。未來綠色能源，綠色生產技術和綠色產業等等，都將成為 21 世紀的新課題。

本組研究的主題有二：（一）倉鼠的記憶（二）音樂對倉鼠生活行為的影響。我們利用兩種性質不同的音樂（弦樂與重金屬樂），在飼養倉鼠的環境中連續24 小時播放，觀察音樂對倉鼠生活行為的影響。實驗過後發現，節拍較快的重金屬音樂會帶給倉鼠不安全感；而柔和的弦樂則會使倉鼠行為懶散、不焦慮。另外，利用倉鼠走迷宮所花的時間長短，來尋找出倉鼠短期與長期記憶的時間。在此實驗中發現，倉鼠的短期記憶約7?8 個小時，而長期記憶約11?13 天。

One afternoon, a photography enthusiast, Mr. Cheung was holding some photos, completely absorbed in the fond (but ancient) memories of his honeymoon in Cairo. The badly-yellowed photo prints reminded him of every sweet and romantic moment of the “good old days”. He was soon rudely awakened when Mrs. Cheung shouted, “Honey dear! I was told that high-tech is ‘in’, and the single-lens reflex camera is totally out! So stop hugging the old out-dated pictures.” Mr. Cheung fired back, “Oh, you know nothing. This is something you cannot replace at all, and my camera is a classic.” Smiling at him, Mrs. Cheung took out a new gadget, “Right, right, now calm down. It never hurts to have both worlds. Look what I’ve got you. This is called ‘Stereoscopic Camera Lens’. Its little coloured spectacles can capture everything, say, the sensational Great Pyramid, in three dimensions!” As we are asking for and relying more on technological advances, the Stereoscopic Camera lens and the Stereoscopic Magic Box are surely innovations that promise to add a new dimension to our lives. Surprisingly, the working of these two gadgets involve only some simple scientific theories such as polarization, doping and anaglyph; and employs the special property of Liquid Crystal Layer (LCD) under electric current. Stereoscopic photos can now be easily available to us. Both of our designs, the Stereoscopic Camera Lens and the Stereoscopic Magic Box, can turn something ordinary into extraordinary by making plain, 2-dimensional things ‘stand out’ before your eyes. The Lens itself is crafted with such precision that it can capture any image both faithfully and flawlessly. The Magic Box uses electric current to catalyze and enhance the 3-dimensional transformation. So each picture is vibrant and true-to-life. The Lens and the Magic Box will certainly revolutionize our vision of things around us. To enable you to have a good understanding of the theories behind the making of the Stereoscopic Camera Lens and the Stereoscopic Magic Box, we have made simple models of them with prisms, and they are in display at our booth. Anyone who is interested in these fancy gadgets should definitely come to our booth to experience a new view of the world!

本實驗是以實際探勘的地質及泉水資料和文獻為基礎，對於幾個可能造成冷泉降溫的原因(岩石種類、泉水pH值、流通氣體之壓力、流速)進行實驗。我們製作了一個模擬地下泉水流動的實驗管路，此管路並可同時觀察紀錄氣壓、氣體流速，以及實驗前後模擬管路的溫度變化。透過對實驗管路的熱容量校正，我們可以找出各變因對泉水降溫的關係，以建立出一個模型，期望可套用於實際冷泉的狀況，進而推論出更多冷泉的性質。This experiment uses data and bibliography from real exploration as bases to find the possibilities of why the cool spring drops in temperature. (Mineral types, spring water's pH value, air flow pressure, and movement flow.) We created a model of underground spring water for the simulation. From this model, we could observe the air pressure, movement, and the spring's change of temperature before and after the tests. By adjusting the thermal capacity in the model, we could find the direct cause of the spring's temperature drop. And hopefully be able to adopt this model to the realistic problem, increase the effort of analyzing the natural cool spring's properties.

在正n邊形的n個頂點各放一面鏡子，並將其中一個鏡面順時針轉動90°/n，將雷射光線沿該點切線方向射向此鏡面，使光線在正n邊形各頂點的鏡面間反射，本文主要在探討光線在各鏡面間反射路徑之規律性與其應用，研究分為兩大部分：一、將雷射光線射向一順時針調整角度θ=90°/n的鏡面且其餘鏡面皆不轉動之情形下，探討雷射光線的反射路徑之規律性及尋找正多邊形邊數與反射數間的關聯性。二、在正n邊形的n個鏡面中，每個鏡面可依順時針或逆時針旋轉一個角度θ=90°/n或是不轉動。此部分我們只針對n為偶數的情況去探討，我們採用數學上函數的對應方式取代了物理上反射原理的路徑操作，由數學的模式去探討鏡面調整的規則，擬訂出適當的策略調整鏡面的轉動，並找出最大反射數。

長期以來，臨床研究發現酒精會影響人類胚胎的正常發育，但是其分子機 制尚不清楚。在本研究中利用RNA 定位雜交的方式觀察酒精對於胚胎發育過程 中shh、sox9a、sox9b、col2a1、hand2 的影響，發現這些基因的表現均會受到酒 精的抑制。這項結果顯示在胚胎發育過程中，酒精透過對上述基因的影響，造成 神經脊細胞減少，細胞遷移異常，以及干擾軟骨細胞分化的現象，進而造成頭骨 發育的嚴重缺陷。此外，實驗中亦發現生長激素在腦下垂體的表現亦受到酒精抑 制。這項研究的結果成功地從基因的層次深入了解胎兒酒精中毒症候群造成頭骨 畸形及生長遲緩的病理機制。 It was known that prenatal alcohol exposure may cause serious birth defects and developmental disabilities. The molecular mechanism of this fetal alcohol syndrome still remains unclear. As revealed by whole mount RNA in situ hybridization, it was shown that expression of a number of craniofacial cartilage-related genes, including shh, sox9a, sox9b, col2a1 and hand2, were all inhibited in zebrafish embryo by alcohol exposure. It suggests that alcohol exposure may result in reducing neural crest cell production, interfering neural crest migration, preventing chondrogenesis and eventually cause craniofacial defects. In addition, the transcriptional profile of pituitary hormones were investigated by RNA in situ hybridization. It appears that only growth hormone, but not prolactin and thyroid stimulating hormone, was inhibited by alcohol exposure. The reduction of growth hormone transcription was also confirmed by real time PCR. It also appears that the expression of upstream transcription factor pit1 and downstream target gene igf1 remains unchanged. It suggests that the reduction of gh transcription is mediated by a PIT1-independent pathway. The transcriptional profile of alcohol-exposed embryo was investigated by gene microarray analysis. It appears that the expression profiles of a number of development, cellular signaling, cell growth and apoptosis related genes have be affected by 1.5% alcohol treatment. It was noted that a number of retinal-specific genes were all repressed significantly. It consists with histochemical observation that alcohol exposure results in loss lamination and disturbed differentiation. This study help us understanding the molecular mechanism of fetal alcohol syndrome.