我們研究並製作出簡易的蘭克—希爾須渦漩管(Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube)，使管子一端產生冷空氣，一端產生熱空氣。藉由改變不同的供氣方式及控制不同的氣體流速，意外地突破了前幾屆全國科展只做出2~3度的溫差，再藉由設計不同的渦漩管大小、長度、孔洞等進一步做了一系列深入的探討，最後成功讓渦漩管兩端冷熱空氣溫差高達57.6度。此外，我們還利用易於觀察的白色溶水油來分析氣體在管中流動的情形和軌跡。

灰色理論近來廣泛應用於各行各業的管理資訊科學上，本研究乃應用灰色理論的一階微分中輸入變數為一項之 GM ( 1 , 1 ）模型，來預測台灣中部地區土石流主要因素雨量的月平均量值。本文運用三筆以上的歷史資料，作最近一年歷史性資料的預測，藉以驗證獲得其誤差（±△e）之校止參考依據值，比利用殘差檢驗所得的誤差校止數據，更能修止出精確的預測值，接著再做台灣中部雨量未來之預測，以作為未來雨水、土石流防治之參考 · 為了能迅速產生所要的灰色預測值，研究中並以 VB 程式語言及以Petri-net分析其動態處理行為，藉 GM ( 1 , 1 ）模型的專屬處理支援程式，以做為未來雨輦自動化處理警示與預測之支援機制。Recently Grey Theory has been widely applied to management information science in all kinds of areas. This research applies the first Level differential of the Grey Theory to put a variable in GM( 1,1) model to forecast the monthly average value of the most common precipitation, in the midland Taiwan earth-stone flood zone. This paper uses more than three historical data to forecast the most recent year’s historical data, which can be used to verify and acquire referential correction data of its errors ( ±△e). The aforementioned method can correct forecast data more precisely than the differential inspection. In addition, this method can then forecast future precipitation in midland Taiwan earth-stone flood zone and the results can serve as reference for future precipitation control. To rapidly receive the needed Grey forecast values, the research analyzes its dynamic process method by utilizing VB program and Petri-net to build a dedicated process-support program of GM( I , 1) model. This program will serve as a support mechanism for future automatic precipitation warning and forecast.

A research on how a solution mixed with two or more solutes affect the solubility of each solute was done. If different solutes are put in a solution with a specific concentration, the solubility of the single state solute increases, stays the same, or decreases. The difference in solubility caused by several solutes will give solutions on selectively collecting heavy metals from bodies of water polluted by these heavy metals even more effectively. To test the changes in the solubility of the solution with several solutes, sedimentation has been used; however, colorimetric analysis was also done to observe the changes in color of solutes that show color in the solution. Nitrate compounds of Sodium, Magnesium, Strontium and Potassium were used for the typical metals, and for the transition metals, nitrate compounds of Silver, Cadmium and Lead were used. Test results show that Sodium decreased the solubility of Lead, and as the concentration of Sodium increased, the solubility of Lead increased too. On the other hand, K increased the solubility of Pb, and as the concentration of K increased, the solubility of Pb decreased. We can use the radius of ions and the enthalpy of hydration to explain the changes in solubility. In the case of Cd, as the concentration of K, Mg and Sr increase, the solubility of Cd increased with it. This is because the difference between the ionic radii of Cd and the other ions (K, Mg, Sr) has a tendency to increase in solubility in the enthalpy of hydration. Also, as the concentration of Ca increased, there was a tendency in which the solubility of Cd decreased. This is because the ionic radii of Cd and Ca are similar to each other and there was a tendency that the solubility decreased in the enthalpy of hydration. Through this experiment, the study shows the tendency of the change in solubility of several solutes by comparing ionic radius and the enthalpy of hydration, and if this result is used, the processing of certain heavy metals in the bodies of water can be even more effectively used than the previous method.

整體而言，今年之水準較去年高出甚多，尤其高中組，取材也相當生活化，但是，仍有些 缺點宜待改進： 一、國小組： 二、有些作品之結論，祗展示數據，沒有作簡略說明。

Background:\r Delivery of anticancer drugs in vivo can be achieved by using targetspecific\r drug carriers of various types – e.g. microspheres and liposomes –\r which can be applied intravenously, or subcutaneously via a hypodermal\r patch, etc. as appropriate to the type of drug carrier employed. Recently,\r interest has surged in the usage of amphiphilic polymeric micelles for this\r purpose, as they prove superior to other drug carriers in many ways. They\r have highly-hydrated hydrophilic shells, and hydrophobic cores wherein\r hydrophobic anticancer drugs such as adriamycin can be encapsulated\r during transport in the blood. Their main advantages include their\r smallness of size – enabling them to elude capture by the\r reticuloendothelial system (RES) – their stability in the bloodstream as\r shown in their low critical micelle concentration (CMC) values, their\r passive targeting of tumour sites via the enhanced permeability and\r retention (EPR) effect, and their ability to integrate an active targeting\r mechanism, e.g. antibody-antigen recognition, pH-sensitivity, etc.

Light diffraction and interference are two of most basic experiments, but they’re the most powerful evident of wave properties of light. Due to the lack of high-quality and fairly accurate equipment, these important experiments are limited to the simple demonstration of the phenomena. Especially, the spatial intensity variations of diffraction and interference patterns are, however, completely not drawn to scale. In order to precisely measure the diffraction and interference patterns intensity, we consult lots of reference, search for suitable materials and reuse waste old and useless laser printers. Finally, overcoming disadvantages of time consumption and poor spatial resolution, we develop two accurate, practical and delicate methods. We use optical power control circuit created on our own to steady the brightness emitting of laser diode. Then the high linear photoelectric detector is stored on XYZ axis micro movement control platform. Next high degree of reflection rotating polygon mirror employing optical lever is collocated with low vibration blushless motor. Thus, a self-scanning intensity pattern plotter is accomplished. At the same time, it overcome difficulties like time wasting and low reliability during doing these kind of optical experiments. In this article these two dependable and worth popularizing measurements of light diffraction and interference is going to be introduced. 光的繞射與干涉實驗是光學中最基本的實驗之一，也是證明光的波動性質之最主要的依據。在一般的高中物理實驗室中受限於器材的等級與精度，只能對光的繞射與干涉做近似定性的實驗，尤其是繞射、干涉圖形上的光能量分佈，完全無法以現有的器材做精準的測量。 在這一年的專題研究中，我們小組針對測量光的繞射、干涉能量分佈為目標，參閱許多相關文獻，四處尋找適用的材料及零件，發揮廢物利用的精神，克服萬難，發展出兩種精巧、實用又準確的測量方法，我們以自行發展的光功率控制電路使雷射二極體的光度穩定，並且以高線性度的光感測元件裝載在自行設計的X.Y.Z微動機台上，同時利用光槓桿原理所構成的高反射度的旋轉六面鏡，配合低震動的無刷馬達，完成了一套能自動掃瞄繞射能量分佈曲線的測試儀，經實際使用相當地穩定可靠，可以快速而精確地獲得大量的實驗數據，比對這些數據不僅能驗證繞射理論，並能更深入地延伸理論的探討。

鹼性電池使用的電解液均為強鹼，電池中的鋅極會與其發生腐蝕反應，使得電池放電壽命降低，並產生氫氣，而大量氫氣使得電池有爆裂的危險，為了改善上述問題，我們自行設計了氣體觀測儀器，用來檢測銀鋅電池充放電與靜置時之氣體產生量，更藉由探討影響變因的過程找出銀鋅電池較合適之使用條件，其中包含電解液種類及濃度之選擇、電極面積與充電電流對使用效果之影響，並改善電池腐蝕程度；我們將鋅極以浸鍍處理(Sn:Pb ＝1:1 )並搭配電解液添加物(KOH:Zn(OH)42 －＝ 2:1) 可效率地抑制氣體產生；更用氯化銀粉末取代傳統氧化銀極片為正極，發現氯化銀可代替氧化銀電極，且有不錯的放電效果。;As we know, the electrolyte solution used in an alkalinebattery is a concentrated alkaline solution, which corrodes the zinc electrode in a battery of this kind. The corrosive reaction not only reduces the lifespan of the battery but also produces hydrogen, causing the battery to explode. This study is intended to help us design a device to measure the quantity of hydrogen gas generated in the charging of a zinc-silver battery. We have studied several factors affecting zinc-silver battery, including the variety of electrolyte, the concentration of alkaline solution, the surface of electrode, and the density of charging current, etc. To reduce the corrosion of zinc electrode, we plate the zinc electrode by the immersion electroless plating method, using several kinds of low-polluting anti-corrosive additives (metallic compounds such as lead and tin). We also add zincate ion into electrolyte solution to further reduce the quantity of hydrogen produced. The experiments show a zinc-silver alkaline battery works most efficiently, if the powder of silver chloride is used instead of silver oxide.

岩石礦物乃自然科學中，地球科學之一部分國家的建設需要豐富的資源，要得資源，必須研究開發，儲存地殼內部的岩石礦物等。近年來，我國在小學、高中之自然科學中增加地球科學之教材，可知地球科學在今日工業社會有多大的重要性，但國內有關這方面教學上所需之儀器標本，大多耗費外匯向國外購買，為一般學校所無能負挺的。本校為小型學校，經費困難，為推行科學教育，充實設備，採取自力更生的方法，自己設計製作，採集等，以求完成教學的願望。

在凝相那章當老師講到液體正常沸點時，告訴我們許多非極性液體之莫耳汽化熱直接比例於正常沸點，此規律性稱為特魯頓法則（ Trouton ' 5 Rule ）。又溶液蒸氣點下降溶液沸點上升均與溶質之濃度有關，此規定性稱為拉干爾特定律（ Raoult ' 5 Law )。在凝相鍵結 中講到氫鍵時告訴我們氣鍵對沸點與莫耳汽化熱均有影響，因此我們覺得懷疑極性分子如 H2O 與 C2H5OH是否亦能遵守特魯頓法則？含有必 C-O-H及 OH 基之有機物溶于非極性溶劑是否亦能遵守拉干爾特定律？為了滿足我們的好奇心因此決定做這個實驗。

從螳螂對農業的貢獻看來，它可以稱得上是一種「環保昆蟲」。為了解決飼養箱不夠的問題，我們利用回收物自製環保飼養箱，箱體應設計：通風口、可供螳螂攀爬的物件、置入食物及清理廢棄物的開口。我們設計出來的飼養箱具有省錢、容易觀察螳螂行為、攜帶及管理方便等優點。 運用螳螂除菜蟲的效果不差，母的寬腹螳螂一天最多吃17隻菜蟲；母的枯葉大刀每天食量也很驚人，最高紀錄當天吃完7隻紋白蝶後又繼續吃了5隻紅姬緣椿象。因此飼養螳螂當寵物，可以做為校園及社區生物防治的活教材。 文獻記載螳螂是肉食性只吃活的東西，但我們的研究發現，在活體缺乏的狀況下，利用餵養的方式，螳螂也吃泡軟的狗飼料，甚至質地較軟的水果牠也吃，短暫解決活餌缺乏的問題。