我們在夏天的晚上，常常可以看到昆蟲們因為趨光性的本能而慘死在路燈下，所以我們希望透過校園昆蟲趨光性實驗來發現，有哪些燈源特別容易吸引昆蟲。我們選用日常生活中最常見的六種燈來實驗，實驗都是在暑假無風、無月或眉月的晚上，每次實驗都記錄昆蟲數量與種類，實驗完畢後，我們發現水銀燈的趨光種類和數量最多，而省電(黃)的趨光種類和數量最少，研究結果同時也發現昆蟲們的趨光性整體偏向白、藍光，而水銀燈屬白光容易吸引昆蟲前來，因此我們建議將道路、住家附近、民宿飯店、游泳池等將白色的水銀燈改為黃色的省電(黃)，如此既節能又省電。

A study was done to determine if the antioxidants found in peanut hulls could be used\r for lessening the corrosion rate of iron. Peanut hulls were ground then divided into two\r batches, P1 and P2, then oven-dried at temperatures of 50°C and 60°C, respectively. The\r moisture content of each batch was then determined before performing methanolic extraction\r to isolate the antioxidants. Eighteen iron strips of approximately the same surface areas were\r thoroughly cleaned and weighed, then divided into six groups. The iron strips in the first five\r groups were respectively coated with pure extract from batch P1; a 1:1 mixture of P1 extract\r and turpentine; pure P2 extract; a 1:1 mixture of P2 extract and turpentine; and pure\r turpentine. No treatment was done on the sixth group. All iron strips were exposed to air to\r allow formation of rust thru atmospheric corrosion. After 12 days, the iron strip were cleaned\r and weighed; then the individual corrosion rates of the metals were determined.\r The corrosion rates of the metals treated with pure P1 extract, the P1-Turpentine, and\r the P2-Turpentine mixtures were found to be significantly lower than the corrosion rates of\r the metals without treatment, at 5% level of significance in a t-Test for independent samples.\r The average corrosion rates of all the treated metals were found to be lower than that of\r metals treated with pure turpentine, though not significantly. The corrosion rate of the metals\r coated with turpentine was not significantly less than that of untreated metals. The corrosion\r rates of the metals were also found not to be dependent with the moisture as there was no\r significant difference in the mean corrosion rates of metals treated with P1 extract and those\r treated with P2 extract, with or without turpentine.\r The project has shown that peanut hull extracts can be used to lessen the production\r of rust on the surface of the metal. Moisture content of the hulls was not found to be a factor\r in lessening the corrosion rate.

In this study, we mainly explore the geometric construction in 3D. By conducting some problems about constructing circles, we define the PLC construction in 2D as constructing a circle, either passing through a given point (P), tangent to a given line (L) or tangent to a given circle (C). Besides, we aim to discuss the properties of the PLC construction and the relations between each other. We discover if we find a plane satisfying certain conditions in space, the properties in the PLC construction can apply to such a plane. Furthermore, we extend the properties in PLC to the PES construction in 3D, defined as constructing a sphere, either passing through a given point (P), tangent to a given plane (E) or tangent to a given sphere (S). Also we discuss the relations among them.這個研究主要在探討3D 的尺規實作。藉由歸納某些有關作圓的題目，我們定義2D 中的PLC作圖─作圓，過已知點（P）、切已知線（L）、切已知圓（C）。並探討PLC 作圖的性質及彼此的關聯性。而我們發現：在空間中只要找到滿足特定條件的平面，則2D 幾何作圖性質在該平面仍能沿用。此外，運用PLC 作圖性質，我們進一步推廣到空間中的PES 作圖─作球，過已知點（P）、切已知面（E）、切已知球（S），並探討各個類型間的關聯性。

Few plants can grow in the place where Wedelia trilobata grows. In the following experiment, the leaves ans stalks(of the plants from Wedelia trilobata) are extracted for experimental purpose .The data and records of the experiment have shown that Wedelia trilo ata indeed refain the growth of plants such as mung bean, teeding seed, yeast’s respiration and the photosynthesis. We use the function of dieing the polyphenols to know that the Wedelia trilobata can produce Allelochemicals called as the polyphemols The mesophycell produce the polyphemols from chloroplast of cortex,the polyphemols transport to root and release from root exudation. The plant will absorb polyphemols of the soil, and will affect the growth of the plant. If we can separate and purify the Allelochemicals, we can make it as natural herbicideb. 南美蟛蜞菊所在之處，少有其他植物，本實驗採南美蟛蜞菊植栽區之土壤與南美蟛蜞菊莖或葉之萃取液進行相剋作用之研究，結果顯示南美蟛蜞菊確實會抑制小麥與綠豆種子萌發及幼苗生長，並抑制酵母菌的呼吸作用及植物光合作用中之光反應。 利用多酚類染色方法得知南美蟛蜞菊產生的相剋化合物為多酚類，且該多酚類由葉肉細胞與莖內皮層中具葉綠體之細胞產生，經韌皮部輸送至根，再由根經泌濾作用釋出。土壤中的多酚類會被植物吸收，進而影響植物的生長與發育。 若能將該相剋化合物---多酚類分離與純化，或可作為具選擇性之天然除草劑。

為探討視覺疲勞產生的負片後像及相關視錯覺。我們標準化觀察情境，並將色彩以光的三原色RGB在電腦螢幕上的數值加以定義。 研究發現，負片顏色可用計算的方法預估，實驗加權後的顏色接近理論值，且觀察的時間越久，顏色越深，視覺疲勞的比例也越高，疲勞比例依序為藍＞綠＞紅；黑底時負片顏色不易判斷；改變底色會使負片顏色疊加底色；單眼觀察的視覺疲勞比例高於雙眼觀察。旋轉球實驗，加引導十字可使看到的人次提高，改變底色時，顏色接近底色；鬼影效果依序為正方形＞傾斜45度角＞三角形＞六角形；方塊顏色的影響依序為黑白＞藍＞紅＞綠，可能與和底色的灰階值差有關，此數值與看到人次相關；此外，盲點處也有負片後像，但可能是大腦想像出來的。

採集滿江紅複合群，從外觀形態觀察、葉片與根長測量和DNA 序列比對，將所採集的三型滿江紅做分類。其中三角形和橢圓形滿江紅在數種外觀形態上部分相似、部分不同，而經過trnG1F-trnR22R、rps5-trnSR、trnL-trnF 三段葉綠體DNA序列比對後，確認此兩型滿江紅為同種，皆屬滿江紅 (Azolla pinnata)。而日本滿江紅不僅在數種外觀型態上與滿江紅有明顯差異，其三段DNA 序列分析更有約20%的變異，因此證明兩者為不同種。最後將實驗中的序列貼至網路上比對，發現日本滿江紅 (Azolla japonica) 與Azolla mexicana 相似度達100%，並與美洲種的四種滿江紅也有94% 以上的相似度。參考日本、美洲種滿江紅相關書籍與圖鑑，及親緣關係鑑定的論文後，推論日本滿江紅的親緣關係與美洲種滿江紅較相近，極有可能是由美洲傳至日本的外來種。

去年學長姐的作品引發我們的好奇心，因此規劃一連串實驗，尋找易得又實用的茶色染材，以探討染汁色素的不同與最佳應用。在參考資料後，設計的實驗項目如：萃取前處理及測試、濾紙色層分析、比色方法、改變展開劑比例與應用於生活用品。實驗中發現，萃取液的顏色深淺與原料顏色無直接關聯，含有丙酮的展開劑能有效分離茶色染汁，茶色染汁都會被分離出黃橙色的成分，而不同的媒染劑會使染劑顏色多樣化，酸性媒染劑都能使染汁顏色加深。最後我們為多種染汁設計比賽，將他們上色於不同的材料，比較顏色多樣性。經過本研究，除更認識身邊的染材與應用方法，對環保議題也更加關心。希望經由本實驗，提升人們對植物染的興趣，進而推廣愛護資源的概念。

本研究從天然的蔬菜、水果，以及可可、咖啡、茶等沖泡飲品著手，確認可可具有絕佳的抗氧化能力，而天然可可豆需經發酵、烘焙等程序後，其抗氧化效果才顯著。 「無糖、無鹼化」之天然可可粉為主要實驗素材，並以間接碘滴定法測定其抗氧化能力，研究結果顯示，沖泡可可粉的濃度越高，抗氧化效果越好；以高溫水沖泡可可粉釋放出較多的可可多酚，亦能增加抗氧化力；在可可飲品中添加物質，常見的加糖、加奶皆無法增加其抗氧化能力；而市售可可飲品因含添加物較多，其抗氧化能力未如純可可粉來的顯著。 因此，寒冬中，自己動手泡一杯熱可可，以高溫沖泡純可可粉，不加糖、奶等添加物， 直接品嚐香純原始的可可風味，是個不錯的養生保健選擇。

Neuroinflammation is implicated as a contributive factor to neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Increased iron accumulation and deposition of -synuclein within Lewy Bodies in PD brains have been observed. It has been hypothesized that unbound iron is able to react with H2O2 to generate free radicals. Using the Divalent Metal Transporter-1 (DMT1) as a vehicle to transport iron into the brain, a DMT1 transgenic mouse model (DTg) was generated to recapitulate iron deposition in PD. The DTg was crossbred with the SNCA (synuclein) transgenic mouse to produce a DMT1_SNCA (BTg) mouse model to study the link between iron, -synuclein and neuroinflammation in PD. Our hypothesis predicts that iron exacerbates -synuclein toxicity by inducing larger inflammatory responses and consequently compromising functions of biomolecules. Our study shows that –synuclein triggers a low-grade inflammatory response by microglia and astrocytes while iron exacerbates -synuclein toxicity by eliciting immunological responses mediated by glia cells in the brain observed both in the DTg and BTg mice. Elevated levels of nitrated proteins were observed in the DTg, suggesting the role of iron in inducing nitrosative stress via upregulation of iNOS in glia cells. With the BTg mice, we hope to understand the effect of iron accumulation as an environmental stressor in aggravating -synuclein toxicity which may lead to the selective demise of dopaminergic neurons.

本研究比較2003~2005 年，冬季及夏季西經168 度之「海平面溫度異常」對「緯度」的分布圖，結果呈現在赤道附近的變動較小，在高緯度地區的變動較大，為更精確的描述此變動，將每日高緯度地區的變動以「標準差」及「最大振幅」數量化，發現在南、北半球不論2003、2004或2005 年，每7~12 天南、北半球的「冬夏季海平面溫度異常」的變動變大，上述變化在北半球較為明顯，在南半球較不規則。 與2005 年冬季1 月31 日~3月17 日的北半球地面天氣圖進行分析比對發現，溫度的變動和極地天氣系統的形成關係密切，推測原因和冬季時極地為永夜，地面空氣溫度受到兩個跟月球有關的熱源影響較大，其一為海流和極地間每日有接近2 次的潮汐交替運動，其二為月球反射日光後投射到極地時，極地大規模的冰對月光的反照，對極地微弱的加熱作用。 針對2005 年6 月1 日~7月22 日之地面天氣圖作分析，結果發現夏季緯度的溫度變異和高中低緯度天氣系統的改變關係密切，推測此時和月球對海水的吸引使地表(特別在海陸邊界)的溫度，週期性的重新分配，或對大氣應也會造成週期性的質量分配有關。 以農曆為主重製溫度的變動圖並進行比對發現，無論2003、2004或2005 年，在月相為朔及望時常出現低值。此分析結果顯示，接近朔望時，高緯度海平面溫度有較穩定且變動較小的情形。而從天氣圖、農曆標準差綜合，所得結論為地月運動應和地球上高緯度天氣系統存在某種相關性。 ;Our topic is about how the moon phase variation influences the high-latitude weather system. This study analyzes the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs), along 168°W in winters and summers from 2003 to 2005. The results show that the SSTAs varied relatively small around the equator and relatively large in high-latitude regions. So we next analyze the high-latitude SSTAs by the standard deviations, the maximum amplitudes, and the north surface weather graphs. After analyzing, the result shows that the SSTAs rise for every 7 to 12 days. Moreover, they relate to the winter high-latitude weather system very much while relating to the summer medium-and-low latitude weather system a lot. We think it’s because in winter eternal night, the sunlight won’t shine on the arctic zone easily. Other heat sources may become important: (1) the tidal movements between the ocean and the arctic zone. (2) The heat radiation of the moonlight and the moonlight reflection by the polar ice shields. But in summer, the moonlight effect becomes extremely small. The tidal force becomes the bigger influence factor: (1) the tidal attraction may distribute the temperature of the border between seas and land periodically. (2) It may cause the periodic atmosphere mass distribution. Additionally, after repeating the same experiment according to the Chinese lunar calendar, we found near full-moon and new-moon time, the SSTAs are more stable. Probably because of without the moonlight, the movements of rip-tides occur and help stabilize the polar weather conditions. In conclusion, the relative movement of the moon to Earth is likely providing a crucial heat source which will affect the high-latitude climate, and the heat source size probably influences the weather system cycle.

本研究主要是探討液晶面板在不同的電壓下，對紅外光區及可見光區之穿透光譜。藉由控制外加液晶面板兩側的電壓，改變內部的電場強度，驅使液晶分子長軸方向改變(偏轉)，以達到控制穿透率之目的。施加於液晶面板兩側的電壓V大於起始電壓V0時，液晶分子長軸受電場作用與電場方向平行，減弱引導偏振光扭轉之能力，讓部分光通過偏振片。令及分別代表穿透率達到最大穿透率之10%及90%時的外加電壓，則定義「光-電開關斜率」γ為：γ =(V90-V10)/V10。透射光強度與外加電壓關係曲線則稱為「光-電開關特性曲線」。穿透率除與液晶分子之旋光程度有關，我們也做了在不同電壓下，液晶分子之穿透光譜，並討論其特性。The main idea of the project is to discuss the transmittance spectra of liquid-crystal device in the range of infrared and visual light (400~900 nm) with different electric field by changing voltage. Different biases are applied to the liquid-crystal cell, causing the axis of liquid-crystal to rotate, and the transmittances are measured. If the application of bias is greater than the threshold voltage (V0), the axis of liquid-crystal will be parallel to the electric field, and make the beam pass through polaroid. Electro-optical switching slope γ is defined as γ =(V90-V10)/V10 , where V10 and V90 are the applied voltages enabling output light signal reaches up to 10% and 90% of its maximum intensity, respectively. It is understood that transmittance depends on the optical activity of liquid-crystal cells. Besides, we will discuss the relation between wavelength and transmittance of liquid-crystal cells.