一、本屆應用科學參展作品初小組拾伍件、高小組貳拾壹件、國中組拾貳件及高中組二十件，全部出席展出，合計陸拾捌件。評審結果得獎作品共計貳拾捌名，得獎率佔百分之四十。 二、安全審查違反規定如超高超種之參展物品、桌下放置物品及多頁圖表浮貼壁報板上，計十一件，不符作品之壁報論文展示製作之尺吋或貼示法之規定計十五件，經初審後通知修訂，以合乎規定並準予展出。 三、本組今年參展之作品在質上有相當幅度的提昇，而高中，高職學生參展作品之分佈較寬而且作品良好，特別是高中組在電腦模擬、光電、食物科技及環科（保）顯示頗佳的研究成果，並且科學在工程、技術方面的應用，也充分引用科學研究的方法學。 四、初小、高小組之作品研究主題取向於合乎作者之年紀、態度及日常生活息息相關之題材，頗為正確。作者之研究作品發表，生動且清楚，內容也大部分呈現完整性。作品之水準仍有優良的表現。 五、部份高工、高職學生之參展作品，仍尚未去除工藝作品之研製，未能符合工程或技術之科學研究態度。因此，雖然作品具有創新，但卻未能入選得獎。希望未來作品之研究能遵循工程科學之原則。

這個專題研究的目的是要發展出一套簡單可靠的方法和廉價自製的器材，在地面上即能有效估測大氣層的厚度。我們小組研究光學中雷氏(Rayleigh)散射的原理，針對空氣分子對光線散射作用和特定方向之偏極效應，利用一已知散射長度之路徑，測量其偏極光的強度，同時比對由大氣層散射而來，在同一偏極面上的散射光強度，即能估算大氣層的厚度，方法簡單新穎，自製器材經實際測量和改進，有發展和推廣的價值。\r The main idea of the experiment is to set a system in order to effectively estimate the thickness of the atmosphere. On the theory of “Rayleigh Scattering” (small air molecules sizing about 10-4μm), we developed an equipment that has two tubes. The tubes lead the scattered lights from two paths. One is called “air light” scattered in the ground air, and the other “sky light” is scattered in the sky and reflected by a beam splitter. The two paths are on the same plane; the scattered lights are perpendicular to the direction of sunlight and 100% polarized. We could adjust and measure the distance “d” of the air light path. We simultaneously observe and compare the intensity of the lights from the two paths with the electronic instrument made by ourselves. By using the known distance “d” and the reflection “x” of the beam splitter, we can calculate the thickness of the atmosphere. The experiment is simple, novel and easy to do in an extensive field at school. Researchers don’t have to use a bloom, radar or satellite to discover the atmosphere, but you could use a simple equipment to observe the features of it.

Purpose of research. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are bioelectrochemical systems that generate electrical energy by exploiting the extracellular electron transport (EET) capabilities of electrochemically active bacteria (EAB) (Logan 2009). This investigation aims to identify genes involved in driving bacterial EET with a new procedure that enables rapid screening of a side array of genes. These insights may lead to improved MFC performance through enhancing reactor design or genetic engineering EABs (Alfonta 2009). Procedures. MFC metagenomic analysis. Twelve MFCs incubated with four different bacterial samples were operated for approximately one year. The bacterial DNA from before and after incubation was extracted and the 16S rRNA regions were PCR amplified and sequenced. The bacterial community changes were analyzed using the QIIME program to identify bacteria that were being selected. Fosmid Clone Isolation. An E. coli fosmid library (Mewis et al. 2013) that contained genes from EAB inferred in the previous step was incubated in three MFCs. After a 48 hour enrichment period, biofilm samples from the MFCs were extracted and individual clones were isolated and screened in the MFCs individually. An E. coli DH5α strain with no insert DNA was incubated separately as the control. DNA sequencing. Fosmid insert DNA from high-performing clones were extracted, purified using gel electrophoresis, constructed into sequencing libraries and sequenced. Bioinformatics Analysis. The sequences were constructed into larger contigs using the Velvet algorithm package. The open reading frames (ORFs) were inferred and translated into amino acid sequences and annotated with proteins identified from the KEGG, and SEEDs databases using Metapathways 2.5. Results. The changes in bacterial communities from the metagenomic analysis revealed increases in relative abundance in numerous genera from Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. The MFCs incubated with the fosmid clones generated about 4 times more peak power than the MFCs incubated with the E. coli DH5α. Polarization curves generated for the MFCs demonstrated that the fosmid clones were able to sustain a higher current. Incubation of pure cultures of individual clones yielded four clones with significant performance improvements over the control strain. Protein data from Metapathways outputs reveled both novel and previously reported EET genes encoding for Type IV pilus structures, c-type cytochromes, soluble cytochromes, flavoproteins, and porins. Taxonomy inferences of the gene inserts by the Green Genes database reveal the genes most likely came from the same EABs that were inferred from the metagenomic analysis. Conclusions. The increased performance of the fosmid clone-powered MFCs suggest that the clones carried genes that enhanced their performance in the MFCs. This is further confirmed by polarization curves generated for the MFCs. The results of the taxonomy inferences suggest that the bacteria being selected for in the environmental samples carried genes that enhanced their performance in the MFCs, and that these genes were successfully identified in the subsequent steps. The results of this study demonstrate that using a gain of function approach to rapidly screen a wide array of genes in a gene library may be an efficient method to identify genes that enhance power generation of EABs in MFCs.

殺菌機在最近幾年來是相當熱門的產品，其中光觸媒的殺菌方法在使用過後不會造成污染，比起其他高溫殺菌方式，使用範圍則更加廣泛。近年來，能源日漸不足，而太陽能則是取之不盡用之不竭的能量來源，所以我們便結合太陽能與光觸媒，以達到節約能源與高效能殺菌之目的。

古籍上記載山藥益肺氣，養肺陰，且最近研究報告發現山藥含有珍貴的dioscorin，其為山藥貯存養分的重要蛋白質，有抑制胰蛋白水解?之活性。而塵?糞便、屍體中的消化蛋白?會破壞呼吸道上皮細胞緊密連接處引起過敏氣喘反應。我對此甚感興趣，進而利用山藥的萃取蛋白dioscorin、塵?粗萃取蛋白及呼吸道上皮癌細胞A549，藉細胞培養、免疫螢光染色、螢光顯微攝影來實驗山藥是否真能保護上皮細胞緊密連接處。再利用膠體電泳、西方墨點法中抗體的高專一性、二抗的高靈敏度來確知我之前的實驗。另外也用ELISA 來實驗dioscorin或塵?引起A549 發炎的情況是如何。由實驗得知，dioscorin 可抑制及預防塵?引起的過敏氣喘反應；而經由ELISA 實驗發現，dioscorin 對於塵?刺激A549分泌發炎物質Eotaxin 並沒有助長或是降低的效果。It was believed that Chinese yam have benefits in treating asthma. Recently, it was found that the valuable dioscorin can be isolated from Chinese yam. The major function of dioscorin is nutrition-storage, however, it also have activities in inhibiting trypsin-like protease. This inhibitory activities trigger my interests. Because the major allergens, mites, and their stool may destroy the tight junctions of airway epithelium cells through their trypsin-protease activities. I therefore carry out an in vitro study to identify whether dioscorin can be used in protecting epithelium from the attack of mites. My results showed that dioscorin can protect the tight junctions of A549 cells from the attack of mite crude extract protein. I believed that dioscorin can be a good candidate in pharmacology application. The genetic and proteomic information are my further focus. On the other hand, we also investigated the possible activity of dioscorin in inhibiting mites-induced inflammation through using A549 as a model and employing ELISA. We found dioscorin neither inhibited nor enhanced the eotaxin being secreted from A549 under the stimulation of mites.

作者在小時候曾讀過童話「阿里巴巴與四十大盜」，故事中有一段說到強盜們自外回來，走到岩石面前，他們的首領喊了一句口訣：「開門，芝麻！」岩石的門竟自動打開了。我心想，這不是最好的「鑰匙嗎？既不用鑰匙，也不用對號。

老師上自然課對我們說：觀測天氣，把觀測結果紀錄下來，如果能繼續不斷，並把紀錄好好的保存起來，我們就會發現許多有規則的天氣變化，久而久之也可預側未來的天氣變化。歷史上孔明借東風就是一最好的前證。又氣壓、溫度、風向 …… 等也和天氣的變化有相當的關係……。」當時我心裹暗想，如價如此，我當叮成為再世孔明，因此引起我紀錄研究氣象的興趣，並竭力有恆的去做。」

據報載台灣特產一茶葉中含有多缺維生素 C，政府鼓勵國人多飲茶，少喝咖啡，以增進身體健康，且可減少外匯，增加國家收入，囚此開始研究合灣所產各種茶業及水果中所含維生素 C 量之測定及破 壞因素。

菟絲子屬於高等寄生植物，危害農業作物，其特殊的寄生方式與其他綠色自營性植物非常大的差異，具有特殊的科學研究價值。菟絲子會產生特殊的吸器（haustorium）侵入寄主體內奪取生活所需的養分及水分。本研究經由現場調查、斷莖及種子培養台灣近年來中部地區頗為猖獗的日本菟絲子（Custuta japonica Choisy var. japonica）與平原菟絲子（Custuta campestris Yunck.）以瞭解其生活史，發現極為獨特的自體寄生及重複寄生現象，日本菟絲子主要是由斷莖傳播；平原菟絲子主要由種子傳播。使用石蠟切片發現兩種菟絲子都會產生特殊的一群分生細胞，稱為刷狀細胞侵入寄主組織連通至寄主維管束奪取寄主水分及養分。

我們剪下廢鋁罐碎片與硫酸銅廢液進行氧化還原反應，使重金屬離子Cu2＋被鋁還原出金屬銅，即可過濾將固形物集中減廢處理。我們也利用廢鋁罐、廢鐵罐自製出第一代注射針筒式、第二代布丁盒式，發展到第三代果凍杯式的廢鋁鐵電池，雖可當成微形電解電鍍的電源，但要讓LED燈亮或風扇轉動卻很困難。我們接著製作廢鋁空氣燃料電池，過程並不順利，一直到找到了只讓氧氣通過而阻絕水穿透的石墨薄膜，才突破製造燃料電池的瓶頸，製作出具有價值且高功率的實用電池。我們還突破性的發現，以氯化鈉為電解液的鋁燃料電池放電後的分層膠狀物有類似鉀鋁礬膠體功能，其與硫酸銅溶液以2：1體積比的比例，可濾除銅離子，而達到以廢減廢的目的。