本研究自2005 年12 月開始，以臺北市內湖區大湖自公園死亡的漂浮琵琶鼠魚(Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish )為主要研究對象，探討外來物種與放生行為對大湖生態系的影響。 研究期間共觀察到死亡的琵琶鼠魚隻數計有1085 隻，可記錄到個體形質資料的隻數為910 隻，背鰭棘數則有11 棘、12 棘、13 棘與14 棘四種，分析四種不同棘數的琵琶鼠魚後發現：在體長、頭寬及吻到背鰭長度均無差異(p>0.05)，因此判斷所記錄的個體應是棘甲鯰科(Loricariidae) Pterygoplichthys 屬中的同一種魚種。由檢視魚體並分析記錄數量與環境因子相關性後推測：琵琶鼠魚死亡主因是劇烈起伏的溫度差異，其次是人為因素的刻意傷害。 所記錄到大湖池塘水棲動物有：環節動物、軟體動物、節肢動物、魚類、兩棲動物及爬行動物等六大類共34 種，其中外來物種有16 種，本地入侵物種有3 種，而這些外來動物進入大湖的主要管道應是由個人的棄養或放生行為所造成。琵琶鼠魚因繁殖能力強、具攻擊性、吞食其他魚種卵塊、可適應高污染水體及垂釣客對魚種的篩選等因素，而成為最具生存競爭能力的優勢魚種。不但造成大湖池塘呈現嚴重魚種單一化，更可由靜止水域大量擴散至流動水域。未來如何將政府相關部門、學術研究單位與民間社團等力量結合，共同防範大湖琵琶鼠魚的持續蔓延、宣導民眾正確的放生觀念、積極改善大湖水體污染狀況，並訂定完整之外來物種移除計畫，以期恢復大湖池塘物種歧異度，都將是刻不容緩的重要生態課題。;This research began in December of 2005. Focusing on dead floating Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish in Dahu Park, Nei-hu Distrct, Taipei city. We discuss the impacts of Alien and of behaviors of the release of captured animals on Dahu Park’s ecosystem. During observation period, there were totally 1085 dead Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish, of which 910 bodies were found. The number of the thorn bushes on dorsal fins includes 11, 12, 13,and 14. After analyzing four kinds of different thorn bushes, we find that no differences exist in Total length, Head width, Predorsal length (p>0.05). We hence conclude that the recorded object should be species with identical with Loricariidae Pterygoplichthys. With the inspection of the fish’s body and the analysis of the relevance of the recorded quantity and the environmental factor, we infer that the main reason of the Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish’s death is violent temperature differences and the second is attributed to human’s intentional abuse. The aquatic animals of Dahu Park amount to 34 kinds and six classes such as Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Pisces, Amphobian, and Reptilia. Among them, 16 kinds that are Alien and 3 kinds are Native Invasive Species. Intentional abandon and release behavior channel of these Alien to Dahu Park. Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish are highly productive, aggressive, and adaptable to highly polluted water. Besides, they eat ovums from other fishes. Moreover, they are not the fisher’s preference and hence often thrown back into pond once hooked . Thus, they become the most competitive survival fish species in Dahu Park. The high competitive ability of Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish causes Dahu Park to present a serious unification of fish species. This serious unification of fish species could also be spread from static water areas of Dahu Park to flowing water areas. According to our research, certain urgent ecological issues in Dahu Park are to take precautions against the spread of Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish, to promote the correct idea of releasing captured animals, to improve Dahu Park’s water pollution, and to stipulate a complete plan about eliminating Alien. Our research suggest that government’s relevant departments, academic research units, and folk corporations should be cooperated to achieve the above four goals. Once the four goals are achieved, we believe that the fish species of Dahu Park will be full of varieties again.

This study investigates the possibility that “Digital Buses” would actually be used in real life. In addition to the basic mathematics knowledge that I have acquired over the years, I have used “Microsoft Visual Basic” and “LEGO ROBOLAB SOFTWARE” to implement the idea as a program. It simulates the way in which a digital bus travels in a city with a rectangular grid. Various plans are tested to find the best paths for providing the most efficient, convenient and speedy transportation. This study has not only shown that “Digital Buses” are sure to be used in a modern city when wireless communication networks has developed to a certain point, but also supplied a framework for future researchers who may wish to study the optimal way in which more than one digital buses could efficiently run in cities according to their population distributions and road arguments, in order to overcome the traffic problems from the current bus systems. 本研究探討數位公車在人類未來生活中實際運行的可行性。本人以所學的數學知識進行公車路徑規劃，並透過「樂高機器人控制系統」以及Microsoft Visual Basic 軟體程式之撰寫，在棋盤式城市區域中模擬公車行駛情境，靈活搭配各種方案找出最佳路徑，達到便利快捷的高運輸效能。本研究顯示當現代化都市無線通訊網路發達到一定的程度時，數位公車的發展是可以預期的。本研究之結果可提供後續研究者繼續探討多台數位公車在實際都市中依人口分佈、道路狀況來規劃最佳行駛路徑，以解決現今機械公車無法克服之繁雜交通困境。

This project is a research to find out if prawn pond sludge can be used as a fertilizer . This because so far there is no beneficial use of these prawn pond sludge from over 154,000 hectares of water pond culture in Sarawak . The objectives of this project were to determine if this sludge can be combined with topsoilito produce an eco-friendly and effective fertilizer for plants and to investigate what combination of sludge and top soil is the best for plant growth . It was found that sludge has high nutrient contents such as nitrogen , phosphorus , sulphur , potassium , calcium , magnesium and iron . The effectiveness of sludge as a fertilizer was investigated by growing water spinach or “kangkong” (Ipomoea aquatica) in 5 different mixture of sludge and topsoil for 3 weeks . After the third weeks , the results showed that the combination of 30% sludge and 70% topsoil produced the best results in terms of height of plant , survival , number of leaves , stem thickness and average plant weight as compared to the other combination of 0%：100% , 50%：50% , 70%：30% and 100%：0% sludge top soil ratio . Therefore , prawn ponds sludge has a great potential to be process to become a fertilizer .

在模式植物──阿拉伯芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）中，AtYAK1（Arabidopsis thaliana Yak1-related protein kinase）是目前發現唯一屬於DYRK（Dual specificity Yak1-Related protein Kinase）的蛋白激?。雖然之前研究已證明，不同物種之DYRKs 和細胞的生長與發育過程有關。然而，其在植物中的生理功能卻尚未被明確地研究報導過。在先前的研究中，為瞭解AtYAK1 在阿拉伯芥內作用之位置，前人選取AtYAK1 基因ATG 上游約2.5 kb 的序列（Upstream Element, 2.5KUSE）建構至一含有GUS（β-glucuronidase）報告基因的質體中，並轉形至阿拉伯芥，進行GUS 組織染色分析。但在初步結果中，並沒有在轉殖株觀察到明顯的GUS 表現。進一步分析，我們發現在2.5KUSE 序列末端約0.5 kb 的5’非轉譯區（5’untranslated region, 5’UTR）中，有四組開放讀序框（Upstream Open Reading Frame, uORF）。有趣的是，許多研究也顯示，uORFs 會影響轉譯過程中的再起始（re-initiation）作用而調控該基因的表現。另一方面，前人亦透過構築好的2KUSE 轉殖株（即不含有5’UTR）進行上述GUS 實驗。結果發現，此2KUSE 轉殖株的GUS 表現非常顯著。本實驗即要瞭解AtYAK1 的uORFs 是否也會影響其蛋白質的合成。首先，我們以點突變的方式將四組uORFs 中之ATG 換成TTG，目的為構築不含有uORFs 之5’UTR（mutated uORFs, ΔuORFs）。在進行原生質體短暫表現分析法（protoplast transient assay）及GUS 組織染色分析後，將結果與含有uORFs 的結果作比較：當缺乏uORFs 後，其3’端報告基因的表現量確實比原來顯著。綜合以上，我們認為此uORFs 對於AtYAK1 蛋白質之表現佔有相當重要的影響地位。最後，我們對5’非轉譯區是否存在開放讀序框進行阿拉伯芥全基因組分析，相關結果亦於本研究報告中分析討論。AtYAK1（Arabidopsis thaliana Yak1-related protein kinase）is the first DYRK（Dual specificity Yak1-Related protein Kinase ） family member identified in the model plant ─ Arabidopsis thaliana and exists as one copy gene in Arabidopsis. Previous studies showed that many eukaryotic DYRKs are involved in regulating the growth and development of cells. However, the study of AtYAK1 in Arabidopsis is lacking to date. In order to understand where AtYAK1 expresses and functions in plants, a 2.5 kb fragment which is located upstream from the major ATG of AtYAK1（termed Upstream Element, 2.5KUSE）was previously constructed to drive the expression of a reporter gene, GUS（β-glucuronidase）, in transgenic Arabidopsis. Much to our surprise, no GUS expression signal could be detected in such transgenic plants. When further analyses were performed, we found that there are four upstream open reading frames （uORFs） in the 5’untranslated region ( 5’UTR ) within the 2.5KUSE. Many studies indicating that the uORFs can regulate the translation of downstream ORF encoding the major gene product through the procedure of translation re-initiation. This action represents a mode of translational regulation for gene expression. Indeed, GUS activity could be readily detected in transgenic plants expression 2KUSE::GUS, a construct lacking the 5’UTR of AtYAK1. In this study, I have tried to elucidate whether the uORFs of AtYAK1 can regulate the translation of the downstream major ORF. First, in order to construct a 5’UTR fragment of which uORFs have been mutated（ΔuORFs）, we apply site-directed mutagenesis to substitute ATG with TTG for the four uORFs and examine the expression of GUS driven by this mutated 2.5KUSE. After analyzing the results in both Arabidopsis protoplast transient assay and transgenic Arabidopsis, stronger expression of reporter genes in both systems were observed when the four uORFs were mutated. We have also confirmed that, in transient expression system, the increase of reporter gene activity was not due to the excess accumulation of the corresponding mRNAs. Rather, it is the four uORFs which play an important role in negatively regulating the translation of AtYAK1, possibly via inhibiting the translation re-initiation of major ORF. A genome-wide examination of uORFs in all Arabidopsis genes was also performed to assess the possible contribution of uORF in regulating gene expression.

尋找用風來傳播種子的植物，探討種子部分與翅膀部分的質量黃金比例為目的，討論種子翅膀面積、質量、重心位置等因素對種子滯空時間、飛行距離的影響，我們用校園中常見的紫葳科(Bignoniaceae)火焰樹屬(Spathodea)的火焰木(Spathodea campanulata )植物，撿取種子進行實驗。 我們發現隨著翅膀面積的增大，種子在空中停留的時間也跟著變久，飛行的距離也跟著變長，但不是無限制的變久、變長。實驗結果顯示，翅膀的面積增加成4倍時，有最久的滯空時間與最長的飛行距離。 利用第一次的實驗結果，我們選取4倍翅膀面積的模擬種子，進行重心位置的改變對滯空時間的影響。發現當種子置於翅膀的中央時，有較久的滯空時間，可能是當重心位於翅膀的中央時，有最大的下降截面積，有最久的滯空時間。

本研究主要目的: 一、了解原子筆斷水及寫字不好看的原因。二、探討及找出原子筆斷水和字寫不好看的辦法。三、尋找自製原子筆最佳材質及測試並調查滿意度。 本研究主要實驗: 一、模擬鋼珠頭書寫。 二、自製原子筆與市售原子筆摔幾次會斷水。三、自製原子筆套是否會彈性疲乏。 四、滿意度調查。本研究主要結果: 一、 原子筆斷水主因為鋼珠撞擊地面而內縮、變形；字醜的主因為握筆姿勢不正確。二、 市售原子筆摔70次時斷水；自製原子筆摔150次仍無斷水，顯示自製原子筆較不易斷水。三、開花設計一小時後保護管無法彈回，顯示自製原子筆有彈性疲乏的問題。四、經比較，筆套材質用較硬吸管較為合適。五、自製原子筆能加強握筆力道，固定、改變握筆姿勢。

In this research, we investigated the interactions between goldfish’ (Carassius auratus) sensory experiences (electric shock, high osmotic pressure and colors). We separated the sensory experiences into two parts. One of them, we used different kinds of environmental color-models to analyze goldfish’s environmental preference behavior and different kinds of stress experience(electric shock and high osmotic pressure) to build the animal model of environmental preference behavior. We found that goldfish prefer brown-colored environment (compared with white) and different stress has different effects on fish’s environmental preference behavior. It proves that fish has the ability to learn and memorize the stress experience and shows that there are complicated interactions among environmental stimulus, memories of stress and behaviors caused by different kinds of stress. Also, we investigated the interactions between spatial memory and color distinction. We measured the duration of goldfish getting through the color-marked barriers driven by regular electric shock. We found that goldfish spend less time to get through color-marked barriers than those unmarked. It shows that there are some interactions between spatial memory and color distinction. In conclusion, the research proves that different sensory experiences can affect goldfish’s behaviors.本實驗利用感官經驗(電擊、高滲透壓、色彩)，探討與朱文錦(Carassius auratus)行為調控的交互作用。我們將感官經驗分成兩模式：利用環境色彩特徵的差異，探討不同逆境刺激經驗(施予電擊或高滲透壓環境)，與魚類環境偏好行為的交互作用，建立朱文錦環境偏好行為之動物模式。我們發現朱文錦偏好土色環境(相對於白色環境)，而不同性質的逆境經驗，對魚類的環境偏好行為具有不同的影響，顯示魚類具有記憶逆境環境的學習能力，且證明「環境刺激—經驗(記憶)—行為表現」三者之間具複雜的交互作用。另外，我們亦探討空間記憶與色彩辨識的交互作用，利用規律的電擊刺激使朱文錦通過有色彩標示的關卡，以研究色彩差異與空間變化對朱文錦通過關卡能力的影響。我們發現色彩的標示可降低通過關卡的時間，且不同的色彩具不同程度的效果，顯示空間記憶與色彩辨識具交互作用。本實驗證明了不同的感官經驗或刺激，對朱文錦的行為調控具質與量的差異。

我們吃的食物包裝袋裡，常常可以看到乾燥劑的蹤影。乾燥劑對食物來說是非常重要的，不僅可以保存食物的風味，不至於變質，也可使食用期限變長；有些物品在潮濕的環境+也容易發霉，而影響其品質，例如：皮鞋、衣服、照相機…等等，也需要乾燥劑的保護。在老師的協助下我們利用書上學來的方法，將蛤蠣殼廢物利用，做成環保的乾燥劑；並使用受潮變化明顯的海苔，來證明蛤蠣殼製成的乾燥劑，的確有其效果。因為這些材料都是日常生活中隨手可得的，不需要太複雜的儀器，可見只要用心，科學就在你我的身邊。

我喜歡玩電腦，在windows98遊樂場中的踩地雷遊戲，更是我喜歡的益智遊戲之一。由其掀開方塊後出現的「提示數字」所代表的玄機，必須發揮數學的推理能力，更激發我研究的興趣。於是，在老師的鼓勵下，我們開始進行研究。

我發現萬花尺是由兩圓互繞，竟形成那麼特別的圖形，便開始研究圖形成的原因。我從動態模擬萬花尺機械作圖開始，發現機械作圖的原理是用齒輪控制圓形的轉動，以至於可以控制花瓣數量，試想，如果不是因為齒輪，機械作圖總有誤差，要維持大小兩圓半徑在整數比的情況下是非常困難的事情。處理外圈是橢圓的情形時更是如此。 處理完機械作圖後，我找出控制萬花尺圖形的擺線方程式，這時候有兩個重點： 一、試著用方程式模擬並解釋機械作圖的所有樣態。 二、利用方程式內抽象的係數變化，討論原本機械作圖無法作成的圖形，包含外輪擺線的部分。

從磨咖啡豆到泡出一杯可口咖啡是一門學問，本次實驗想藉著在自然課上學到的原理找出泡咖啡所應用到的原理，並印證課堂所學，除了能泡出一杯好而不酸的咖啡外，也在咖啡中找到自然科學的樂趣。一共包含了以下部份：一、濾紙式咖啡、虹吸式咖啡的沖泡與二上自然與生活科技水溶液、溫度與熱的原理應用。二、不同咖啡豆沖泡，越酸的豆子泡出來的咖啡擺放越久，咖啡越酸；虹吸又比濾紙式更酸。三、濾紙式咖啡在水溫越高、咖啡粉越細所得的咖啡越酸。四、濾紙式咖啡剛泡好的咖啡擺的越久、越酸，但加了奶精後可減少酸度。