發生在90.7.29-7.30 的桃芝颱風，造成南投、花蓮地區嚴重的土石流災難，同時桃芝颱風也給台中縣大屯區帶來慘重的災害，其中匯流入大里段草湖溪的支流乾溪二、三十年來首次潰堤成災，2 人死亡，200 公頃農田遭土石流淹沒，2000 多戶人家淹水，災情相當嚴重！

本研究主要在探討在什麼條件下，才能讓玻璃杯裡面的風車轉得快呢？我們先製造一種基本款的風車，接下來探討光源與轉速的關係，扇葉與轉速的關係，底座與轉速的關係、遮罩與轉速的關係，室內溫度與轉速的關係、扇葉與底座間距離與轉速的關係，並詴圖找出除了光之外，是否還有其它方式也能讓風車轉動？我們希望能將此裝置應用在教學上，解釋「光能產生熱能」、「光能產生動能」、燈光下會有「風」及空氣熱對流等物理現象，並發展出有趣的科學玩具。

水波槽實驗延用全今，仍未脫離笨重，操作不便，現象不顯，波紋不清之缺點；而光波的對照實驗所需之單狹縫，雙狹縫玻片又裝造費時，粗糙不清，觀側不便，致必需使用昂貴之直絲燈泡；乃著手研究發展，一方面將舊有者改良更新，另一方面並設計製作單狹縫、雙狹縫的新法，及簡單易行，又製作方便，對照明顯的水波。

花粉研究的兩大問題(a)花季影響花粉的有無，(b)花粉的個別差異，開始研究長期貯存花粉活性的方法，一般貯存動物細胞或植物無壁細胞cell wall-free protoplast的DMSO/Deep Freeze方式對花粉傷害極大，貯存細菌和黴菌的50%甘油/Freeze方法也保存不住花粉活性[2]。我們發現薑花和百合花花粉在自然界環境未授粉前含大量精油，竟因此找到可以用植物油和低溫來長期保存花粉活力的最好方法。 本研究中設計玻瓶代替洋菜，用倒相式顯微鏡觀察玻瓶底油水界面花粉管生長，改善以前培養基的限制。由於可以一次大規模的檢驗許多不同的條件，我們發展可以讓薑花、百合花粉長出全長花分管(30mm以上)，並達到高發芽率(95%)的C98培養液，一方面花粉萌管的全程變化可以在C98培養液中被仔細觀察，一方面是選用材料百合花粉有粗大的花粉管。我們發現花粉管在長超過花粉體十至十五倍以後就出現非常清楚的細胞質流(plasma flow)，由於這流動遵循花粉管長軸做非常有固定方向的旋轉循環，我們把它稱為細胞質對向流(counterflow)。花粉管除了本身增長的運動外，細胞質流的速度可以在倒相式顯微鏡下目視測定。

國中化學第一冊第三章第三節，空氣與人生的關係，提到了有關空氣之組成，氮 78 %，氧 20 % ，氫 0.934%，二氧化碳 0.03%，及微量的其他稀有氣體。人呼出的氣體，能使石灰水 Ca(OH)2混濁，而空氣比較小容易使它混濁。這足因呼出的氣體中，有一種叫做二氧化碳的氣體存在。這種氣體對人無益，但植物都需要它，才能使大氣中的空氣保持恆定……等。但課本未曾談到二氧化碳的濃度應如何來瀾定，同時亦未曾介紹我們人類所呼出的二氧化碳濃度比空氣大幾倍？而且用什麼方法求出大氣中合二氧化碳為 0.03 % 呢？於是同學們便開始設計實驗，始有簡易二氧化碳測定器（簡稱大埤國中測定器）之產生，藉此科展的機會，就教各位先進名家，賜給我們寶貴的知識、經驗，好作更進一步的研究及改進，並加以推廣，造福人群。

When you draw a wet finger around the edge of a half filled wine glass, a sweet musical sound comes forth. The pitch of this sound is directly correlated to the amount of liquid in the glass- the higher the height of the liquid is, the lower the frequency is. It means that the shorter the air column in the glass is, the lower the frequency is. This phenomenon differs from the variance in pitch in a wind instrument. In a wind instrument such as a flute, the shorter the air column in its chamber is, the higher the resulting pitches are. In order to study the wine glass phenomenon, we used a piezoelectric crystal loudspeaker connected to an oscilloscope. We recorded the resulting data by using a digital video recorder to capture the images of the waveform of sound, and than analyzed the waveform by using the computer. Our conclusions are as follows: 1. The frequency of sound thus produced was the same whether we draw our finger around the rim, or we strike the glass rim. The higher the height of the liquid is, the lower the frequency is. But the frequencies vary when we strike the glass and when we blow on the edge. 2. When we used a glass without liquid in it, the frequency emitted when we drew our finger around the edge, this frequency varied inversely as the cube root of their weights. 3. In a glass with liquid, the emitted frequency did not have any correlation to the weight of the contents. By taking two identically filled glasses and placing in each a solid object of the same size but different weight, we were able to see that there was no change in the frequency emitted between the two glasses as long as the height of the liquid remained constant. 4. According to “The Flying Circus of Physics”, if we tap the side of a glass of beer, because of the air bubbles in the beer, the frequency emitted will be lower than that from a glass of pure water. This is according to the book, because the speed of sound is lower in air than in water, therefore the speed of sound in an air-water mixture would be lower than in pure water. The resonant frequencies of the mixture will also be lower. However, in our experiment, we discovered that\r when the glass contained air bubbles, the frequency emitted higher. Our explanation is that the sound emitted since the rim of the glass oscillated transversely, the frequency depends only on the retard of the rim and that the frequency is independent of the speed of sound. The intention of this research is to clarify the many misconceptions of this interesting phenomenon.以溼的手指在玻璃酒杯邊緣摩擦，會有悅耳的聲音，而且頻率會隨著內裝液體減少（空氣柱變長）而變高，這種變化與管樂器隨空氣柱的變長而音調變低不同，為了研究它的原因，我們利用壓電晶片喇叭連接到示波器上，並且利用數位錄影機錄下示波器上的訊號，再以電腦分析出瞬間的頻率，結果發現：一、摩玻璃杯與敲玻璃杯，杯所發出之頻率相同，都是所裝液體愈多發出之頻率愈低。但敲玻璃管與吹玻璃管所發出之頻率不同。二、不裝液體之高腳杯，摩擦時所發出之頻率與重量之立方根成反比。（與鐘相同）\r 三、裝液體之高腳杯發出之頻率，不再與總重量有關，而是與液體之高度有關，保持液體高度不變，即使在杯子中央加入不同重量之固體，杯子振動頻率還是不變。若改裝不同密度之液體，則密度愈大頻率愈低。四、在“The Flying Circus of Physics”書中提到輕敲裝有啤酒之杯時，會因杯中含有氣泡而聽到較低之音調，書中解釋是”空氣中之音速低於水中之音速，混有空氣之水中音速變低，其共振頻率也會降低。”但我們的實驗結果是有氣泡時頻率反而高。我們的解釋是杯子所發出之聲音是由於杯面之振動也就是杯壁的橫向振盪，振盪頻率與液體對杯壁之阻尼有關，但與液中聲速無關，密度愈大之液體阻尼愈大。有氣泡時接觸杯壁之液體變少，阻尼較少所以頻率高。希望本研究能使大多數人對這有趣之現象不再有誤解。

傳統光學玻璃透鏡的焦距和倍率都是固定，改變倍率必須靠多重透鏡組和改\r 變鏡組距離。可變倍率透鏡則在單一透鏡中具有多重倍率，可讓光學器材簡單輕\r 巧。我使用高彈性薄膜和高折射率液體，進行可變倍率液體透鏡的設計、分析和\r 製作，並不斷地改進，讓其達到輕薄化、微小化及低成本的特性。同時我推導出\r 液體透鏡之各種理論焦距與倍率，找出倍率與液量之關係，並以實驗驗證。\r 而像差是液體透鏡很難解決的問題。我透過電腦模擬和分析，建立減少液體\r 透鏡像差的方法，並以實驗驗證此方法的可行性。研究中也設計發展出多項應用，\r 包括成像教具、生物觀察器、非接觸式測距器、內視鏡、可調兩段式聰明眼鏡，\r 對教學、日常應用、醫療保健等，都提供相當大的幫助。

三軸向六自由度動感平台（六軸平台）或稱史都華平台，最常見的用途是做為訓練用途的飛行模擬器或是娛樂用途的動感電影院。然而較鮮為人知的也被用於模擬地震來作為防震研究。六軸平台利用六支線性致動器的伸縮來控制平台姿態與加速度以製造出地震模擬波動來模擬地震。地震研究和人類生活最直接關係的就是房子的耐震研究。耐震取決於建築結構形狀及所使用之材料；結構決定了整個房子吸收或消除震盪能量的方式。本專題即是利用平台模擬集集地震和阪神地震來測試各種材料相同但結構不同之建築結構拓樸，以控制變因法來分析討論各種結構拓樸的耐震能力，把結構所能承受的最大相對振幅為數據做分析。本專題之部份研究亦參與2004年國家地震研究中心所舉辦之抗震盃競賽。 Three Axis Six Degree Of Freedom Motion Platforms, also named the Stewart Platform, are usually used for flight simulator in training purpose or for motion- theater in entertainment. Yet, the use of motion platform in earthquake simulation is rarely known in public. The motion platform uses 6 linear actuators to control position and acceleration to simulate earthquake. The direct connection between human life and earthquake research is to study quake-resistance of buildings. The quake-resistance depends on the structure and the material of the buildings. The structure decides how the building absorbs and/or eliminates the shaking energy. This project studies how different structure topologies stand in the simulated earthquake generated by a motion platform. Controlling factors method is utilized to discuss the quake-resistance of different structures. Data of the maximal resisted acceleration are also analyzed. A part of this research also participates in “IDEERS” contest held by the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE).

We report an investigation on the synthesis, characterization, and application of photonic crystal. In the study of the synthesis of SiO? nanoparticles for the building blocks of photonic crystal, it is found that by changing the concentration of NH3 solution, we are able to control the size of SiO? nanoparticles. After trying several different methods, we discover that the vertical substrate method is the best way to arrange nanoparticles into a periodic structure. From scanning electron microscope, we confirm that SiO? nanoparticles can form a three dimensional hexagonal photonic crystal. From transmission experiment, we find that the wavelength of the minimum transmission is proportional to the size of nanoparticles. This result implies that using photonic crystals we can control the behavior of electromagnetic wave. Finally, we fabricate CdS nanoparticles on the top of photonic crystals with different diameter of SiO? nanoparticles. Using photoluminescence measurements, we show that by controlling the lattice constant of a photonic crystal the luminescent efficiency of CdS nanoparticles can be substantially enhanced. Out results, therefore demonstrate that photonic crystals are very important for the application of light emitting devices. 本研究主要是著重於探討光子晶體合成、特性分析及其應用。在有關合成光子晶體之奈米二氧化矽顆粒方面， 發現在合成過程中利用氨水的溶量可以控制顆粒的大小。在將奈米顆粒排列成光子晶體的研究中， 嘗試了多種方法後， 發現垂直基座法為最快速有效的方法。從掃瞄電子顯微鏡的觀測， 證實奈米顆粒是以六角對稱排列成整齊的光子晶體。在光子晶體的特性分析中， 利用光穿透實驗， 發現電磁波穿透率最小的波長與奈米顆粒成正比關係， 這顯示出可以利用光子晶體來控制光的行為。最後，本研究將光子晶體與硫化鎘奈米顆粒結合，經由光激螢光譜， 證明光子晶體確實可以增進物體之發光效率,這對發光元件的應用， 將有很大的幫助， 可以節省大量的能源

人類粒線體蘋果酸.可利用NAD+或NADP+為輔.，幫助腫瘤細胞獲得能量，但一般生理條件較傾向以NAD+為輔.。本研究將K346 修改成偏好NADP+之粒線體蘋果酸.家族中具有高度保留性的絲胺酸、及不具極性之丙胺酸，探討為何此酵素較偏好以NAD+為輔.。天然及突變株酵素的催化常數 (kcat)、基質Km 值、及抑制常數 (Ki) 測定結果顯示K346 之點突變不會影響基質Km 值，但K346S 之kcat明顯上升，繼而改變此酵素對NADP+之選擇性。本研究對於人類粒線體蘋果酸.催化機制的了解，有助設計具專一性的活性抑制劑，未來可應用於抑制腫瘤細胞能量來源，進而抑制腫瘤細胞生長。;Human mitochondrial NAD(P)+-dependent malic enzyme can help tumor cells gain energy, using either NAD+ or NADP+ as the cofactor, but prefers NAD+ as the coenzyme. By mutating the K346 to Ser, conserved in NADP+-dependent ME and to Ala with non-polar, we explore why human mitochondrial NAD(P)+-dependent malic enzyme prefers NAD+ as the coenzyme. We measured the proteins kcat, Km and the Ki values. The experiments showed that mutantions don’t affect the Km values, but K346S increased in the kcatvalue, transferring the coenzyme specificity to NADP+. If we develop deeper understanding of the human mitochondrial NAD(P)+-dependent malic enzyme, we can design a specific drag to inactivate the enzyme activity, and inhibit tumor cell growth.

This research introduces a new, more efficient method of age determination for eclipsing Binary through use of celestial Positioning . Statistical Analysis of x-y plots of eclipsing Binary Stars within our, Milky Way Galaxy were conducted in order to find the standard deviation of each eclipsing binary star’s distance from the celestial equator. Before the standard deviations could be considered for comparison, the medians from each of the three s-y plots were examined. There medians had to show a value close to zero in order for the standard deviations to be relevant. A value close to zero indicates a proportional and symmetrical plot with an equal distribution of stars on each side of the plot. All three plots generated indicted a median no greater than 1/100 in distance from the celestial equator. A low standard deviation indicates young relative age. The statictical analysis calculated standard deviations of 2.41 for W Ursae Majoris, 1.77 for Algol, and 1.20 for Deta Lyrae. The statistical analyses were then compared to the previously made visual and mathematical analyses conducted in previous years’ studies. All analyses conducted conclude that W Ursae Majoris is the oldest type and Beta Lyrae is the youngest type of eclipsing binary star. This method can be implemented to greatly reduce time in studying the relative ages of individual objects and types of objects within our Milky Way Galaxy.