臺灣北部海岸富貴角地區的風稜石母岩為兩輝安山岩，經過風化、風蝕及海蝕而形成目前獨特之外觀。這些岩石源自火山噴發形成的熔岩流，岩漿冷卻形成熔岩塔，裂解後受外營力作用逐漸成形。不同地理位置的風稜石受侵蝕的影響差異顯著：海岸邊的風稜石同時受到海浪和風的影響，外型較圓鈍；陸地部分則因受到海蝕影響較小，外型較為尖銳。另外，本研究利用噴砂實驗進一步驗證不同風速和風向對風稜石生成過程的影響，並分析其形態差異及地質學意義。

本研究應用遙感技術和機器學習方法，提出了三個創新應用，目的在提升紅樹林生態系統的分類監測和藍碳儲量評估。 首先，建立機器學習模型(隨機森林演算法)，對紅樹林植物進行自動分類，分類準確率達94.74%。此模型能夠應用於特定區域的長期監測，捕捉紅樹林覆蓋範圍和植物變化的動態趨勢。並且開發了RGBN（Red-Green-Blue-NIR Mangrove Index）遙感指數，此指數主要結合可見光波段和近紅外波段，能有效提升了紅樹林植被健康狀況評估的準確度，並具有廣泛的區域適用性，不限於特定研究區域，適用於全球範圍的紅樹林監測。最後，本研究成功整合並編寫了InVEST模型的程式碼，本模型進一步應用於紅樹林藍碳價值評估，未來將透過收集詳細的土地利用、碳匯數據及生物物理參數，量化紅樹林的藍碳價值，為碳交易與藍碳管理提供科學依據。

如果正整數1~n存在環狀排列，使得相鄰的數字和皆為質數，則將其定義為質數環。 本研究主要使用不同方法探討質數環的存在性。在本研究與文獻中，都沒有寫出質數環通式的方法，因此我藉由孿生質數、類孿生質數、一般質數（相差不固定的質數組）等方法，構造特定值的質數環，並使用程式驗證各定理在有限範圍能構造出質數環的整數個數、比例。 本研究的貢獻之一在於發展出類孿生質數構造質數環的方法，我突破質數對相差變大會比較難找出數字關係的框架，延伸孿生質數的方法至類孿生質數，還結合一對孿生質數與一對相差四的質數以構造質數環。 更進一步地，本研究提出使用不限定差的質數組構造質數環的方法，擺脫孿生質數猜想，使這個問題的解決方法更一般化。

我們是探討磁星的短X射線爆發(Short X-ray burst)。利用RXTE太空望遠鏡觀測磁星1E2259+586的數據，經由Bayesian block方法對光變曲線篩選找出爆發，並配合「波松分佈」與「虛無假設」找出50筆爆發事件(爆發的正確性有5σ的信心水準)。再利用HDBSCAN非監督式學習演算法來對短X射線爆發進行分群，找出此磁星有「短暫且高能爆發、中等持續與能量爆發、較長持續且溫和爆發、快速且低能爆發」現象，暗示了磁星爆發的多樣性並有不同的爆發機制。此外我們也發現磁星可能有「週期性」的現象，也許是自轉週期、地殼受的應力或磁場變化經過同樣時間累積(有週期性)而爆發。我們也比對有快速電波爆發 (Fast radio burst, FRB)的磁星SGR 1935+2154，看是否1E2259+586有FRB現象，結果暗示1E2259+586可能沒有FRB現象。

本研究主要是以晶片和織布進行結合，以電極收集訊號分析受測者的鈉濃度和汗液流量，研發長期保持潤濕和擁有穩定性的高親水性薄膜Polyacrylic acid / Cellulose nanocrystals（PAA / CNC）感測器。製備不同濃度比例的PAA / CNC光固化水凝膠，進行接觸角、FTIR圖譜、溶脹比 (Swelling Ratio)、SEM、EIS 潤濕面積分析並比較選擇出PAA /10 CNC的濃度比例作為最佳的汗液感測電極。利用CNC與PET片間貼合度強化結果，能有效提升薄膜親水性，降低電極與織布中的親疏水性差異，加強電極感測靈敏度，相較於對照組，電容值結果顯示約提升5~10倍的靈敏度。本研究開發一個靈敏且穩定即時監測汗液的薄膜，並結合藍芽應用於智慧裝置。

本研究開發基於RNN和LSTM的獨居者居家行為監控系統，利用樹莓派、多種無侵入式感測器及鏡頭實現獨居者日常活動的實時監控與情緒評估。系統收集各感應器數據，透過 LSTM 進行學習與預測，並使用隨機森林演算法分析行為狀態，提供客製化數據處理與預測性能優化。 長期數據收集可觀察獨居者的活動力及情緒變化，早期發現健康風險，針對現有求救設備頻繁異常通知的問題，我們開發了能夠識別長期身心狀況變化的監測系統，並整合人體紅外線感應器、都卜勒雷達感應器、日夜感測器等技術，透過Python程式及MQTT進行數據收集與處理。模型訓練使用SQLite資料庫數據，經過多次測試選擇最佳參數以提高預測準確度，隨機 森林演算法也強化決策準確性。 通過長期的數據收集和分析，本系統能夠觀察並預測獨居者的活動力和情緒的變化，早期發現獨居者的身心健康是否有風險。

本研究探討新型微生物燃料電池(MicrobialFuel Cell, MFC)在能源再生及水資源處理中的應用。隨著全球氣候變遷和污染問題加劇，開發低碳、可持續的綠色能源為當務之急。MFC利用微生物將廢水中的有機物轉化為電能，不僅達到低成本、低碳排放的優勢，還具有處理廢水、產生電力等功能。本研究使用不含 「全氟/多氟烷基物質 (per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances,PFAS)」的煤灰陶瓷隔離膜，並將市售的石墨氈電極進行改質， 以探討電極表面積(3x3、4x4、5x5 cm²)及不同材料(石墨紙、石墨氈、改質石墨氈、碳布)對MFC性能的影響。結果顯示，在電極表面積為4x4 cm²表面積時產電效率以及去除污水的效率最佳，顯示較小的表面積差異對MFC影響效果不大；電極材質則以石墨紙表現最優，但經改質的石墨氈在發電效果及去除污水的效率上皆接近石墨紙。本研究可為MFC在污水處理和能源再生中的應用提供了重要的數據參考。

Due to widespread water shortages, there is an increasing need for innovative water conservation strategies, such as reusing greywater from laundry. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes greywater as suitable for plant irrigation, but commercial laundry detergents contain synthetic chemicals that can harm both the environment and plant health. Soap nuts, derived from the Sapindus mukorossi tree, offer a natural alternative. Their pericarp is rich in triterpenoid saponins, amphiphilic compounds, composed of hydrophilic sugar group and hydrophobic triterpenoid sapogenins. These saponins mimic the chemical structure of surfactants in detergents, allowing soap nuts to act as natural foaming and surface-active agents in water. As a result, soap nuts have long been used as a sustainable option for shampoo and laundry detergent in many Asian countries (Sochacki & Vogt, 2022). Greywater, an often overlooked resource, is generated from household activities like laundry, showers, and basins. Unlike blackwater, it contains lower levels of pathogens and bacteria. However, due to a lack of awareness, greywater is frequently mixed with blackwater and directed to the same sewage treatment systems (Greywater Systems: From Recycling to Filtration, n.d.). Greywater accounts for 50-80% of a household’s daily wastewater (Wong, 2011). Repurposing greywater offers a promising and sustainable solution to address water conservation challenges.

According to the 印尼n Association of Olefin Aromatic and Plastic Industries/INAPLAS, 2019 national plastic consumption still relies on plastic packaging at 65% and surprisingly, around 60% of plastic waste is absorbed by the food and beverage industry. The waste has been widely sought to be environmentally friendly, one of which is by developing biodegradable packaging. The purpose of this research is to make durian peel cellulose nanocomposites impregnated with TiO2 NPs, to form antibacterial properties against E. coli wild type and resistance. In this research, there are research methods consisting of nanocomposite synthesis, PSA test, FTIR, physical characteristics test and resistance test. The results analyzed that the nanocomposite nanocellulose-TiO2 NPs was successfully made using a 1:1 ratio and had a particle size of 458.7 nm based on the PSA test, which is classified as a nano size. The success of nanocomposite synthesis was proven by the results of FTIR analysis, which showed the formation of 698.65cm-1 and 1633.99cm-1 spectra, indicating the peak of TiO2 NPs and O-H functional groups on TiO2 NPs, as well as 1028.98cm-1 and 1158.42cm-1 showing C-O and C-O-C bonds in cellulose. The antibacterial test performed showed no significant activity in disc diffusion and well diffusion tests against E. coli wild type and resistance. This is potentially caused by inhomogeneous particle size variation. Physical characteristics test showed that the tensile strength test (0.075 > 0.0125 MPa) Durio Nano-Pack is superior to styrofoam, but the compressive strength test (0.125 > 0.875 MPa) shows the opposite. In this study, nanocomposite has a potential innovation that provides good mechanical properties and has a dual function mechanically as bio-based food packaging and chemically as antibacterial. Further research is needed to improve the particle size homogeneity of nanocomposites, modify the impregnation method, so that it has the potential to develop multifunctional materials that excel in various applications.

This study dives into the benefits of a heart rate (HR) monitoring application to aid families in identifying mood changes in children diagnosed with neurodivergence. Children with neurodivergence often struggle with communicating their emotions, which often results in tantrums or emotional outbursts, and this study plans to address this by creating an app that detects users’ HR to calculate heart rate variability (HRV) and detect when the user’s heart rate variability (HRV) levels become higher than usual. Heart-rate variability is defined as a small variation of the interval between every heartbeat, it’s calculated with the formula of . By looking at the developments of these small variations, it will be 60/𝐵𝑃𝑀 × 1000 easier to notice then the interval for heartbeats are shorter, meaning the body is in need of more blood pumped quickly for support. The app is connected to a heart rate sensor that is worn by the user. The heart-rate sensor frequently uploads data to the app which the app processes and carefully observes while looking for any sudden, dramatic change. The sensor and app was tested and proved to meet the expected requirements of functionality. Four participants with neurodivergence were asked to equip the heart-rate sensor and results showed that different developments of heart-rate variability were able to be detected by the app, these participants varied in their type of neurodivergence as well as their age. As an example, the third participant showed the purpose of the app most visibly, having a resting heart-rate of 86 BPM (697.67 ms) turning into a high 107 BPM (561.68ms) after changing activities. When the user’s sensor detects a sudden spike in heart-rate variability, the app notified the parent account about this change in emotion. This study has supported the relevance of using heart-rate variability to observe changes in mood.

This thesis presents the design and construction of a small-scale humanoid robot, covering all aspects from 3D modeling to electronics design and programming. The robot is built entirely from custom 3D-printed components, with a new servomotor developed specifically to meet the project’s requirements. During the robot’s development, custom electronics were also designed, leading to a modular platform that enables easy interaction with diverse modules like servomotors and inertial measurement unit (IMU) modules. This modular approach allows these components to be programmed and controlled with minimal adjustments, as well as making development of potential future modules straightforward. The robot is operated via a computer application that includes a graphical user interface for displaying real-time data from the robot.

Increasing energy needs alongside the urgent issues of chemical pollution has prompted the need for developing novel green energy sources. Nitrogen-based fertilizers are of fundamental importance for the ecosystem as their usage has increased eight times in the last fifty years [1]. On the other hand , increased use of nitrogenous fertilizers is followed by higher ammonia emissions, which are dangerous pollutants responsible for deterioration in biodiversity by means of eutrophication, acidification of soil and water, and climate change [2]. Ammonia has the2apacityy to bond with other pollutants including sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides to create particles that cause smog, which is associated with lung disease. Ammonia also increases frost sensitivities and causes necrosis of many plant species [3.] Therefore, there is a need to properly manage the ammonia-rich nitrogen waste to decrease the environmental threat factors. Of the possible approaches suggested for ammonia waste treatment, the ammonia electro-oxidation reaction (eAOR) has various promising features for application in the energy sector. It is economically appealing because Ammonia can serve as an excellent hydrogen carrier due to its storage capabilities and existing transport infrastructure alongside having no net carbon emissions. Apart from this, it requires 95% less of the theoretical energy [4] to perform the process. But the reaction is kinetically slow [5], which has been a research obstacle during the development of (eAOR), due to factors ofmslow reaction rate and large catalytic overpotential that this process consumes an unnecessary amount of power [6]. Nickel-based catalysts are a promising solution to these problems, they are cheaper , more stable and easier to produce than electrocatalysts for water electrolysis which makes it highly energy efficient for widespread use on the industrial scale. N films deposited on the anodic side also allow the creation of N-containing products such as (NH42SO3) and nitrates, which can be converted into fertilizers or renewed into the nitrogen cycle to make the process more environmentally friendly while enhancing the (eAOR) process [7,8]. Compared to Pt and Ir which are the most used noble metals, they are less poisoned on the potentials less than 0.65V and are more stable [9,10]. However , noble metals are scarce, and their cost is high for industrial applications as well as the energy they waste during (eAOR) [11].