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捕捉星動的瞬間~臺灣第一個全自動巡天望遠鏡:星瞬望遠鏡RIFT

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Solving Mathematical and Chemical Equations using Python

Max Gold's project, titled “Solving Mathematical and Chemical Equations using Python”, is a website comprising of 4 main programmes: one to find the smallest possible combination of two chemical compounds or elements; a self-made parsing function to convert a chemical equation into a matrix, then using Gaussian-Jordan elimination to find coefficients for an equation; a programme to parse a mathematical expression and use that parsed expression in algebraic division of an algebraic dividend of nth degree polynomial by a divisor of 1st degree polynomial; finally, a programme to solve binomial equations for the power s∈Q. This website was originally made so that Max Gold could improve his programming skills for GCSE computer science but expanded to incorporate his passion for chemistry and maths and thus allow others to use these programmes to help them with their problems as well. A problem with many conventional calculator websites is their lack of specificity – they tend to be able to compute some functions but not all. These programmes are tailored to GCSE and A level maths and chemistry, meaning this website provides an outlet to compute specific topics of problems.

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Line Following Waiter Robot

Technology is erratic. We never know what could be the next big thing. Nowadays, IoT (the internet of things) has taken over the market. Every technology created nowadays is somehow related to IoT. You should manage to connect the IoT technology with a robust area of hospitality. Catering customers' needs during peak hours at any restaurant or cafe could get overwhelmed with hectic tasks such as taking orders, fetching water, and ordering meals. We created a raw model to accommodate the limitations of the human mind. The technology-based IoT (Internet of things) can come in handy during hectic sessions. A Robot waiter is built from scratch using materials like Arduino (2), Gear DC motor (2), L298N motor driver (1), Ultrasonic sensor (2), IR sensor (2), Servo motor (4) HC-05 Bluetooth module. Desired orders are sent on a wireless network through the menu bar to the kitchen. Then, the robots transfer the food from the kitchen to the customers. The floor will be all white, while there will be a strip of black line to connect every sitting and the kitchen. For instance, if table number three is to be served, we click the number three in the app, which renders an obstacle in table 3. The motor barricades the robot, and the ultrasonic sensors sense it, and it stops. If anyone picks the plate, the ultrasonic sensor senses it, the blockage is removed, and the robot paces in the designated path. People visited the place more often to experience such stimuli. Using the robots attracted more customers and made the work very quick.

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多功能數值控制微型射出成形機

高職機械群科在學習的過程中常常接觸到射出成形相關領域,我們想自主設計開發微形射出成形機,並和工業界生產的機台以液壓為射出機構不同。所以本專題以3D列印機的運動控制及材料加熱系統為基礎,利用變導程螺桿的加壓射出機構及螺桿導軌鎖閉模機構來完成射出成形所需的各個機械動作。變導程螺桿做出材料的輸送及射出動作,加壓後可將空氣排出,進而取代了原本注塞式和一般螺桿式的加壓射出;再利用公模、母模、頂射板和母模固定板所形成的射出模系統,進行自動化。由於機台微小化,操作方式和現行3D列印機操作方式類似,所以可作為教學之教具使用,亦可由同學自行設計模具進行射出成形操作。也能針對不同的材料做為射出的成品。

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以新型CRISPR-Cas9技術優化粒線體基因剪輯

本研究開發一個新型的CRISPR-Cas9技術剪輯粒線體DNA,提供粒線體基因所造成疾病的一個有潛能之治療方式。在本研究中,我們將嵌入粒線體標的訊號序列後的 Cas9 蛋白質和 sgRNA 分子送入粒線體內,將 CRISPR-Cas9系統套用於粒線體中,並達成剪輯粒線體基因之目的。我們將 Cas9 蛋白質和 sgRNA 分子鑲嵌於同一質體上,有效導入CRISPR-Cas9系統於粒線體內,並觀察到剪輯之標的基因ND4含量下降了 32%,達到粒線體基因編輯之目標。雖然前人曾用ZFN (Zinc-finger Nuclease)和TALEN (Transcription Activator-like Effector Nucleases)成功編輯粒線體基因,但由於製作過程繁瑣和經費昂貴等種種原因,並未被廣泛使用。我們開發的新型CRISPR-Cas9粒線體基因剪輯系統將可以提供一個相對簡易且價格低廉的粒線體基因剪輯平台。

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Investigating the application of nanotechnology for detecting fishes hatching time

Introduction: Using advanced technologies such as nanotechnology in the food and fishery industry, as one of the most important industrial sectors of countries, has received too much attention. Traditionally, fishing and hunting have been considered important sources of supplying food. The subject and methodology: The study aims to investigate nanotechnology for detecting fish hatching time. This is a review article that collects the information from databases such as Sid, civilica, and Google Scholar. In the end, 22 papers were studied for extracting and collecting the required information from the abovementioned scientific database. Finding: After examining the food, drug, and agricultural-related papers published from 2009 to 2020, it was concluded that small Nano-sensors, controlling & monitoring systems made from nanotechnology can be installed on fishing nets, fishing rods, and other fishing equipment. These devices (Nano-sensors and controlling & monitoring systems) will help fishes so that they don’t get caught. In this way, as a fish gets close to the fishing equipment, it will receive sound, smell, or heat-based alarm. Therefore, the fish will stay away from the fishing equipment. The result: according to the finding of this study, it can be concluded that excessive fishing in the hatching time will be avoided by the application of nanotechnology in the fishing equipment. As a result, the following advantages will be secured: 1- There are lots of opportunists who misuse fish during the hatching time. With the application of nanotechnology, they will be stopped. 2- Opportunists are ambushing in different time points to misuse fish. Also, the guards might be ignorant. With the application of nanotechnology, guards are no longer required. 3- This plant is cost-effective too.

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赤心守護-自製紅外線警報器之探究與應用

本研究從紅外線警報器優化、安裝、環境等變因探究感測效果尋求應用時達最佳效果。研究發現: 一、優化探究:發射器以電阻R1並聯、感測器以電阻R10串聯及升壓設計,可提升警報器功率。 二、安裝探究:警報器安裝高度對感測距離影響極小,紅外線垂直牆面感測效果較佳,串接雙紅外線設計,可提升感測範圍達市售警報器的120度。 三、環境探究:(A)環境顏色需考慮入侵者衣色,紅衣最易感測到,黑灰花衣最難感測到,兩者感測距離差2倍,地板顏色對感測距離影響極小。(B)環境照度黑夜與燈光下感測距離差距很小,背光屋簷下感測距離是黑夜的1.3倍;陽光下警報器無法運作,盼未來學得程式、晶片等專業可解決陽光干擾困境。(C)天候會影響感測效果,晴天優於雨天。

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滾動體在旋轉圓盤上運動之軌跡探討(The motion of a rolling sphere on a rotating disk)

球體在旋轉平台上的運動分三階段:進動階段、螺線振盪階段、打滑階段。進動階段、螺線振盪階段為兩個運動模式的疊加:迴旋半徑漸增的螺旋線運動、向平台中心靠近的平移運動。當迴旋半徑漸增至滑動摩擦力的上限值,球進入打滑階段並向外甩出平台。 研究紀錄球體質心運動參數,並以接觸點準靜態理論計算及滑動-滾動摩擦模型進行數值分析,找出各種變因與運動參數間的關係。 結果發現滾動階段中鋼球作迴旋運動的頻率f球和平台旋轉頻率f盤和有正比關係,且比例值和球標準化轉動慣量δ正相關。由滾動階段過渡到滑動階段的最大迴旋半徑Rmax和f球2成反比、和δ呈負相關、和滑動摩擦係數μk成正比。滾動摩擦使球向平台中心靠近,也使迴旋半徑漸增。平台傾斜或呈錐狀時,球體的運動會向水平方向偏移。

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化〝澱〞成晶~謎團,米糰-探討漿糊變硬『筷』形成的因素

急速降溫冷藏是糊化前澱粉漿的最佳環境。單一澱粉糊化前加少量『酸、油』可加速糊化。雙澱粉混合直鏈含量越多加少鹼越無效果,顯示直鏈澱粉不易被溶出。直鏈澱粉堅硬易撞碎耐不同水溫、不同溶液,支鏈澱粉質軟不易撞碎。老化澱粉對含水量少的溶液和低溫冷藏可較長時間保持硬度。澱粉混合種類以糊化溫度相當,直鏈含量約25%~30%為佳;多種澱粉混合(三澱粉以上)、易糊化、高直鏈含量澱粉效果不佳。雙澱粉混合1:1飽和液加糖-直、支鏈澱粉溶出有限,加鹽-糊化不足,加5g食用小蘇打溶出直、支鏈澱粉最多,自然乾老化環境體積完整無裂痕,有利氫鍵形成晶體結構為最堅硬的天然無毒環保筷子,使用完可當飼料或作為調整土壤酸化的肥料。

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養灘親「離」----不同離岸堤對養灘面積大小的影響

近年來台灣的海灘面臨被嚴重侵蝕之難題,護岸措施不斷推陳出新。而目前台灣除了突堤之外,也有近幾年來發展興盛的「離岸堤」。一般而言,在離岸堤背後形成的砂舌或繫陸砂洲具有防治海岸侵蝕的功效。於是我們想藉由實驗來大略推敲出最適合養灘的離岸堤,來解決現在台灣沙灘資源 不斷減少的問題。本實驗以離岸堤的厚度、長度、高度、角度、離岸堤相對水深的高度、離岸堤離岸的距離、消波塊作為實驗操作變因,並以樂高機器人作為造浪機維持海浪的頻率、強度。結果發現,影響養灘效果前三名依序是:角度、離岸距離、高度,且波速會使離岸堤擺設的最佳角度有所不同。

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哈利波特的隱形斗篷-鏡像匿蹤的隱形探討

我們從小說及電影中認識隱形斗篷,並對於隱形斗篷的存在感到驚奇。因此想探討它隱形的原理,並嘗試自製簡易的隱形裝置。我們初步以(1)文獻探討法(2)調查法(3)實驗法(控制面鏡及透鏡之不同種類、大小、位置、光束射入的角度等變因)(4)暗箱法進行研究,探討隱形原理,達到研究目的,擴展研究成果,讓更多人喜歡研究科學。

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光纖通路

n個城市建立光纖網路,以最經濟的連接方式,需(n-1)段連線,探討共有幾種建立方法L(k,n) (但限定城市標號差不得大於k,k∈Ν),我們依照條件逐步排出,驗證資料[2]中的發現,當k=2時,得到規則L(2,n)=3 L(2,n-1)- L(2,n-2) ,n≥3,而前後兩項的比值正是黃金比例的平方((1+√5)/2)^2=(3+√5)/2≈2.618。接著,我們繼續探討L(3,n)各項的值,並尋找關係式,發現前後兩項的比值似乎也趨近於某個定數。另外,我們觀察到,若k=n-1,則L(n-1,n)=n^(n-2),這就是凱萊公式[7]。因此我們繼續以『橫排推移』的方式探討並發現L(n-2,n)的公式。在L(n-3,n)在經過多方面的嘗試,我們也發現它跟n有規律性的關連,進一步地研究終於提出它是n進位的式子的猜想。另外,我們也以生成樹來探討我們的問題,並引用基爾霍夫定理矩陣[6]來計算我們的推理,證明吻合。

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