本實驗利用喇叭、薄膜電極、波型產生器、鎖相放大器、及750 介面卡組合一套系統,此系統可使偵測精密度大幅提升(±4*10-5cm),使得水槽及地表模型尺度變小(40*22*35cm),因此可節省實驗的成本與時間我們在坡度實驗中,發現坡度在3 度左右,淺化係數都超過3. 對照台灣沿岸發生海嘯的歷史記載,確實在台灣東北角及西南沿岸等坡度為三度之地區都發生較明顯的海嘯危害. 反之,坡度在四度以上的東岸其海嘯波高都非常低.最後再藉著硬體系統及電腦2D 動畫模擬的整合,使我們可方便掌握波浪在不同坡度及位置,其波長及波高變化比,如此有助於預估及說明海嘯隨地形變化的狀況.By using the horn, membranous electrodes, function generator, phase-locked amplifier, and Science Workshop 750, we plan to assemble a tsunami simulation system in which the precision can be getting increased (±4*10-5cm) .Because of the improvement of its precision, the size of the tank and of the surface models will become smaller .As a result, the money and time spent on the experiment will be spare. When experimenting on the influence of inclination of the landforms, we observed that when the inclination reaches about 3 degrees, the shoaling coefficient exceeded 3 .The result of our experiment can provide an explanation to the tsunami on the northeast and southwest coast of Taiwan .According to the historical records, the disastrous tsunami happens frequently on the northeast and southwest coast of Taiwan where its inclination is also about 3 degrees as well .On the other hand, on the eastern coast, the wave height is lower and its inclination exceeds 4 degrees .Apparently, our experimenting result is correspond to the natural phenomena in Taiwan’s coast . Besides, with the help of hardware system and computer 2D animation simulation, we can easily measure the wavelength and wave height scale of the wave in different inclinations and positions. Therefore, this tsunami simulation system can provide a great help to estimate and explain the phenomena of tsunami which may change its condition in different landforms.

Fluorescent proteins are used to label and tag tumor cells. These are also used in molecular cloning methods, and in monitoring cellular processes. However, the Philippines does not have a local source of fluorescent proteins, and thus imports these expensive chemicals from other countries. Possible sources of fluorescent proteins may come from marine organisms and certain plants. This work presents the screening, isolation, and characterization of fluorescent proteins from a potential local source—nudibranchs. The pigments of nudibranchs function to make their different body parts, as well as the cerata, brilliantly colored for defense and protection as in camouflage and aposematic behavior. The pigmentation in the skin of the nudibranchs was used as the fluorescent protein source. Crude protein extracts from the seven species of nudibranchs collected from Mabini, Batangas, Philippines were run through Reversed- Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for screening. Graphs of the absorbance of the seven species showed which species exhibit the most number of aromatic amino acids, the main component of fluorescent proteins. The species with the highest absorbance at 280 nm, which is Chromodoris willani, was run through the HPLC again for recovery and collection of fractions. The fractions were examined through fluorescence microscopy, wherein the samples were filtered at three emission ranges, the first at 450-470nm,the second at 515-545 nm, and the third at 600-650 nm, which corresponds to blue, green, and red, respectively. The proteins which emit at the said ranges were the only component allowed to pass through. The results, which are images of the excited proteins, showed that fluorescent proteins are present in the fractions of Sample 6—Chromodoris willani.

本實驗主要目的是以行為生態學的觀點來探討烏點晏蜓（Anax guttatus）水蠆的攻擊發動之條件，以及面對獵物採取的捕食策略。本實驗結果發現，水蠆發動攻擊的起因與獵物的大小及距離均呈負相關。而發動攻擊的範圍多在下唇顎所及之處，支持水蠆為伏擊型獵食者(sit andwaiting predator)。面對不同大小獵物時會有所選擇，因為極小或極大的獵物難以捕食，且在捕獵大獵物會消耗較多時間成本，所以水蠆會在獵食風險（失敗、受傷、時間成本）及獲益（能量）之間取得平衡。當水蠆面對獵物密度高低不同的環境，會因水蠆體型大小出現積極、保守、消極的不同策略。綜合以上實驗結果，水蠆在捕食行為上能做最適的權衡(trade off)，選擇以最低的風險與成本獲得最高能量，為生態中最佳捕食者之一。

中文摘要：\r 本文利用溶膠－凝膠法（Sol－Gel method）製備二氧化鈦奈米粒子（Anatase\r 晶相），測定廷得耳效應判斷其是否為奈米粒子，並以二氧化鈦奈米粒子加入水\r 中，以紫外光照射測試其光催化分解水反應的活性，並測試其分解南崁溪河川廢\r 水的能力。結果顯示自製二氧化鈦奈米粒子具有明顯的廷得耳效應，光催化分解\r 水反應因紫外光源功率過低未能呈現，有待改進；分解河川廢水的能力仍在進行\r 中。\r Abstract\r This experiment produces Titanium dioxide nano-particles (Anatase crystal\r phase)by using Sol-Gel method. We prove the particles as nano-order by the Tyndall\r effect And adds Titanium Dioxide into water, illuminate it with special wavelength\r ultraviolet radiation. The activity of its light catalysis reaction to water was tested.\r The capability of the treatment of wastewater in Nancan River by nano-titanium\r particles was also studied. The results show that the powder prepared by this\r experiment has apparently Tyndall effect，the photo-catalysis reaction of water is\r failed due to the weak power of UV light sources. The test of wastewater treatment is\r still processed.

我們使用陽極氧化鋁(AAO)模板來製備銅及其氧化物的奈米線。以硫酸銅和乳酸配製電鍍液，利用氫氧化鈉水溶液(NaOH)將其pH 值調整到12，供以不同電壓，可電鍍出銅及氧化亞銅奈米線。在較高電壓下可製備出銅奈米線，而在較低電壓下可製成氧化亞銅奈米線，若使用中間電壓則能製得銅及氧化亞銅的混合態。利用x 光繞射分析儀(XRD)來分析其結晶構造、使用場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)以得知其表面形貌。電鍍出的奈米線直徑約60 nm。奈米線的長度可藉由調整電鍍時間或電壓來控制。在製作IC 內部導線方面，銅奈米線深具開發潛能；在提升太陽能電池的轉換效率、製作可見光光觸媒方面，氧化亞銅奈米線極具前瞻性。We electrodeposited copper and cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanowires with anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. Both Cu and Cu2O nanowires could be prepared with an alkaline cupric lactate solution, which was adjusted to pH 12 using a 6 M NaOH, when supplied with different electrolytic voltages. Cu nanowires could be prepared when a higher voltage was supplied, and Cu2O nanowires could be prepared with a lower voltage. A mixture of Cu and Cu2O nanowires could be prepared with a supply of a voltage in between. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to determine the phase composition, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is employed to characterize the morphology of the nanowires. The length of nanowires can be controlled by adjusting the time spent on electrodeposition and the voltage supplied. The resultant diameter of the nanowires was about 60 nm. Cu nanowires are promising materials for making the conductive wires in IC, and Cu2O nanowires hold great promise for improving the conversion efficiency of solar cells and manufacturing visible-light photocatalyst.

本研究以攝影紀錄的方式，透過電腦進行影像分析，記錄不同刺激下美洲蜚蠊(Periplaneta americana)的觸角擺動模式，計算出各項觸角運動的參數，以瞭解光線(光刺激或光適應)、震動刺激、喝水與進食對其觸角行為的影響。我們發現在不同因子的刺激下，觸角擺動的模式具有差異，若兩種不同的刺激同時發生，蜚蠊觸角的行為亦具整合性的反應。蜚蠊於不同狀態下(如喝水或進食)，對相同的刺激有不同的反應，證明蜚蠊觸角的行為模式，受環境因子與個體狀態調節。透過掃瞄式電子顯微鏡的觀察，也發現觸角具多種感覺毛，且雌雄的感覺毛的分佈與數量具有差異。綜合以上發現，證明觸角除了為敏感的受器，亦為能反映出生理與環境狀態的動器，同時也適合進行發展檢測器的仿生學應用，用來檢測環境中物理及化學因子。The aim of this study is to investigate the different swing motion modes of antennae of American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) by computer-aided Imaging Analysis. The parameters of each swing movement were calculated in order to analyze how light (including light stimulation or light adaptation), vibration, food and drinking water may affect the antennae behavior of American cockroach. It was found that the antennae swing motion modes were significantly different under different types of stimulus. If two different types of stimulus occurred at the same time, the reactions of antennae motion may become conformable. Under different environmental conditions (such as food or water), same stimulus may result in different reactions. The antennae behavior has shown to be significantly affected by environmental conditions and individual physiological status. Through the observation with scanning electron microscope (SEM), it was found that the antennae has many types of sensilla; and the distribution and quantity of these sensilla are significant different between sexes. In conclusion, not only the antennae are considered as the sensitive receptors, but also they are the important effectors to reflect physiological status and environmental conditions. The current model is suitable for the development of specific detectors in the applications of Bionics to detect the physical and chemical factors in certain environments.

核糖核酸蛋白粒之K 蛋白具有多種功能，可參與在基因轉錄和蛋白質轉譯等過程。我們發現\r 一新奇的cDNA 較已報告的K 蛋白cDNA 少了72 個核?酸，分別命名為S 形與L 形。由基因\r 組DNA 的分析，S 形可能是經由替代剪接少了第8 個exon 所形成。以西方墨點法分析細胞中\r 的K 蛋白，亦證明有S 形存在，其表現量較少且多存在於細胞核中。為了探究兩種K 蛋白等\r 形的表現和功能，我們以PCR 偵測K 蛋白在不同組織與細胞株和人類乳腺腫瘤組織中的RNA\r 表現，結果顯示主要以L 形為主;我們並將S 形與L 形K 蛋白分別轉染至人類乳癌細胞株MCF7\r 中，以抗生素篩選出穩定表現K 蛋白之細胞株，生長速率分析顯示表現S 形之細胞株生長速\r 率較慢，其分子機轉仍有待研究。另外在比對K 蛋白之基因組DNA 時，除了在第九對色體\r 上有完整之K 蛋白基因組DNA，我們亦發現在第2、3、5 及11 對染色體上有類似K 蛋白基\r 因的序列，以cDNA 的形式存在，這些DNA 序列是否可以表現RNA 及其意義為何，目前尚\r 不清楚。Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) is a multifunctional protein known to be\r involved in the regulation of transcription, translation, nuclear transport and signal transduction. We\r have identified an alternative splicing transcript of hnRNP K lacking exon 8. This novel isoform\r (named S form compares to L form of full-length hnRNP K) encodes a protein that is 24 amino acids\r depletion between RNA binding KH1 and KH2 domain. To explore the functional roles of both isoforms,\r we detect their expression in several tissues (including liver, lung, kidney and heart), cell lines (MCF7,\r 293T, HeLa, NIH3T3, WEHI, P388D1) and specimens of human mammary gland tumor by RT- PCR.\r The results showed that L form was expressed in all samples, whereas S form was only expressed in cell\r lines. Using Western blotting analysis, we found that L form existed in both cytosol and nuclear\r fractions, and little amount of S form was detected in the nuclear extract. Furthermore, we construct the\r MCF7 cell lines that stably expressed S form or L form hnRNP K. Growth rate analysis indicates that\r the overexpression of S form of hnRNP K could decrease cell growth rate. The molecular mechanisms\r of growth inhibition by S form hnRNP K are to be further investigated. On the other hand, when we\r blast the human genomic genebank, we found except the chromosome 9 containing complete hnRNP K\r genomic DNA, there are near complete hnRNP K cDNA sequence appears in chromosome 2, 3, 5, and 11.\r The meaning of these sequences is unclear.

The Look and Say sequence is produced by describing the appearance of the previous row. For example, start with “1,” which can be described as “one 1,” and therefore the second row is “11,” which is "two 1s," making the third row “21,” the fourth row “1211,”and so on. The main goal of this study is to work out the exact formula for this sequence, which means given the row number n, we can know at once what the n-th row is without having to start from the first row and doing the look-and-say iteration for n-1 times. Some of the methods used include dividing groups, repetition and cracks. The formula we derived speeds up the calculation and gives us a better understanding of the look and say sequence.「外觀數列」為依照外觀產生下一列的數列，第一列為「1」，第二列描述第一列「1 個1」而為「11」，第三列則描述第二列「2 個1」而為「21」，第四列「1211」，依此類推。本研究針對外觀數列的各項數學性質作研究探討，並由此推導出外觀數列的一般式，即給定第n 列就可知道該列的內容。我們運用了分組、重複性以及裂縫的方法分析數列，最後得到了其一般式，此一般式有助於運算速度的加快以及我們對數列性質的了解。

The spiders, Neoscona nautica, often appear in groups, but individuals have their own sense of territory.They usually spin webs among branches during 6:00~ 8:00 in the evening. When building webs, they will first start with bridges and then spin Y-shaped spokes. Next, they spin meshe of net, silk frame, spokes, spirals and free-zone in order. After finishing webs, they will wait for prey on the free-zone or meshe of net. If they find something inanimate on the web, they will break the spiral attached with the inanimate object that is later removed. If the meshe of net is broken, they will fix it immediately. For them, the time to take webs back is during 2:30~ 6:00 in the morning. Most time they use the first pair and the second pair of legs to take webs back and swallow the webs. Sometimes, they break the spirals by the last pair of legs. The sequence to take webs back is : lower right section, lower middle section, lower left section, upper left section, and upper right section. At last, one thread of bridge will be left. Every early mornings they take webs back and swallow them. The next evening they rebuild webs. Possibly there are two reasons to explain why spiders eat their webs: (1).They swallow webs to get protein. (2).The web threads are easily polluted by dust and humidity and reduce stickiness. The web may also reduce the probability of capturing prey. The body length of them is not related to effective web dimensions. However, the web sizes depend on the width of web-building location. The study shows linear relation among body length, meshe of net and dimensions of free-zone. The linear relation represents that the meshe of net and free-zone have ecological or survival meaning for them. We expect that this study of Neoscona nautica can be helpful to build spider ecological database in Taiwan.簷下姬鬼蛛常成群出現，但個體卻有很強的領域性；常於下午6：00 至8：00 結網於樹枝間，結網時，先以橋絲為出發，織出一Y 形的縱絲，再由此依序織出中空網眼、絲框、縱絲、橫絲、棲息圈，網結好後，簷下姬鬼蛛則在棲息圈或網眼靜候獵物，若發現網上有非生物之異物，則將黏住異物的橫絲弄斷，再把網上的異物丟棄；若網眼被破壞，則會立即修補。收網時間為凌晨2：30 至凌晨6：00，收網時，大部分由第一、二對步足進行收網，偶爾會用最後一對步足將橫絲弄斷，一邊收網一邊將網吞食，收網的順序為：右下、中下、左下、左上、右上，最後留下一條橋絲。簷下姬鬼蛛每天清晨都會收網，並將網吃掉，翌日傍晚再重新結網，其可能原因有兩點：(1)將網吃掉以補充蛋白質。(2)蛛絲容易受灰塵、水氣之污染而減小黏性，降低獵捕功效。簷下姬鬼蛛體長與有效網面積無關，但網的大小視其結網地點寬敞程度而定。體長與網眼、棲息圈面積呈線性關係，表示網眼和棲息圈對簷下姬鬼蛛具有生態或生存意義。我們對簷下姬鬼蛛生態調查之結果，希望能幫助台灣的蜘蛛生態資料庫之建立。

The pharmaceutical industry is constantly searching for methods that allow drugs to be delivered as a direct response to a specific stimulus, in which the locus of delivery is in the vicinity of required region. A unique thermo?reversible hydrogel,F127 modified with dimethacrylate (DMA), that can deliver drugs at physiological temperatures was synthesized. Nanoparticles which are specific for targeting human body cancer cell were absorbed by this hydrogel. The toxicity of nanoparticles with different diameters and coating was measured using the MTT assay. It was found that nanoparticles with smaller diameters and folate coating were most toxic to the cancer cells. The release rate of the nanoparticles from the hydrogel was measured as a function of temperature with the hydrogel releasing approximately 3 L nanoparticles per hour. Exposing this drug delivery system to cancer cells would effectively inhibit MCF7 cell proliferation. By grafting this nanoparticle?loaded hydrogel onto a thermoelectric module, the release of the drug would be controlled. Thus, a successful temperature sensitive hydrogel was synthesized that releases cancer?targeting nanoparticles which inhibit cancer cell proliferation, thereby engineering a controlled drug delivery system.

日照影響花芽分化及生長試植物生理學上的重要課題,根據相關文獻指出,蛋白質類型的變化是影響開化的重要關鍵,大豆是短日照植物,分別以長日照(LD18hr/DAY)和短日照(SD6hr/DAY)處理,抽取葉片中的蛋白質以SDS-PAGE.2D-SDS-PAGE分析,SDS-PAGE的實驗姐果顯示出在分子量25.2 32.9 38.6 20.6 64.0 100.6 kDa處中的蛋白質SD比LD的量多,但是在分子量16.8kDa以下的蛋白質LD含有高濃度而自SD只有一點,我們使用2D-SDS-PAGE做進一步的分析,SD與LD分為三個區塊討論(SD1-3 LD1-3)有許多蛋白自LD1.LD3出現,但在SD1 SD3中未出現,可能有抑制花芽分化的作用,而在SD2中有多個高濃度蛋白出現,可能在花芽分化上扮演重角色,其中編號P1 P2的蛋白質有較明顯的變化,根據NCBI網站上的資料顯示,P1蛋白質與光敏素C有關,而P2蛋白質則沒有找到分子量等電點類似的蛋白質;The effects of photoeriod on floral initation and develoment is an imporant phyiological subject and have studed ve he past 70 years. Accrding to the reference, polypeptide partten plays an important rolein photoperiodic induction. Soybean s a SD(short day)plant. So we planted them with 6-h(short day,SD)and 18-h(long day,LD)photoperiods. Total proteins n leaves of soyban were extracted from the vegetable,SD and LD. And using SDS-PAGE and 2-D eloctrophoresis to analyze. 25.2,32.9,38.6,50.6,64.0,and 100.6kDa polypeptides in SDS-PAGE were always present in leavess at SD but only a little bands f the polypeptides appeared at LD. And many polypeptides whose molecular weight(Mw)is below 16.8 kDa had higher concentration at LD ad Reduced at SD. We found three different areas(SD1~3,LD1~3) and analyze them. Many proteins were found n LD1,LD3 and reduced in SD2,SD5. Possibly, these polypeptides found in LD1 and LD3 play an important role in restraining floral iniiation in soybean. Many proeins had more concentration in SD2. Probably, they play an important role in photoperiodic induction and floral initiation. We found a protein labeled P1 in SD2 and it is with molecular weight(Mw) of 36kDa at isoelectric point(pI) of5.2, and it may be related to cytochromeC. We also found protein labeled P2 in SD2 and it is with molecular weight(Mw) of 40.2kDa at isoelectric point(pI)of 5.4, and we couldn't find any protein that has the similary Mw and pI in potein database about flowering and daylength.