本研究探討胭脂樹籽（婀娜多色素）的特性及其應用，並分析其在不同環境中的行為。結果顯示，人工紅色色素如紅色40號與蘇丹紅顏色鮮豔且穩定，但可能對健康有害；相較之下，天然色素較安全，但易受氧化、光照與溫度影響，穩定性較低，保存期較短。實驗發現，胭脂樹籽色素在60-80°C顯色最佳，高於100°C則顏色變淺；其在酸鹼性溶液中隨pH值變化而改變顏色，最適環境為中性至弱鹼性。光譜分析證實其具橙紅色特徵，適用於食品、化妝品及纖維染色，並兼具環保與無毒優勢。綜合而言，婀娜多色素在天然染料應用上潛力廣泛，能提供穩定且安全的色澤效果。

先前研究發現一種多元不飽和脂肪酸 15-keto-PGE2 能減少肌肉慢性發炎以及增加肌肉生長因子胰島素的敏感性，具有增加肌肉的潛力。我們探討此脂肪酸在小鼠中將脂肪組織轉成肌肉組織的可能性。 我們先以 15-keto-PGE2 治療肥胖型肌少症小鼠後，再以全基因組mRNA定序，發現在小鼠皮下脂肪中，肌肉特異基因表現量高度上升。透過基因表現路徑分析軟體 GSEA證實此脂肪酸會高度引發皮下脂肪中，與肌肉分化、肌肉收縮與肌肉結構相關的生物路徑。另外， 15-keto-PGE2 也可以誘導脂肪前驅細胞3T3-L1中與肌肉生成相關的基因表現。 最後，我們發現以 15-keto-PGE2 治療的老年肥胖型肌少症小鼠，體重、血糖、脂肪比例下降，肌肉質量及力量上升，證實了它在體內同時減少脂肪並增加肌肉量的效果。

代糖是一種低熱量的甜味替代品，雖在過去被認為對人體無害，近年研究卻發現代糖會引起腸道菌相失衡，有害宿主健康，但其機制仍不明。秀麗隱桿線蟲的腸道上皮細胞與人類相似，且腸道共生菌易觀察，適合探討宿主與腸道菌相間的交互作用。本研究以代糖乙醯磺胺酸鉀(acesulfame potassium, AceK)餵食線蟲，發現AceK在腸道共生菌滅活狀況下，能夠藉由減少腸道粒線體自噬作用、上調抗氧化基因sod-3並增加線蟲體內的H2O2濃度，使線蟲壽命延長；但在腸道共生菌的交互作用下，上述效果皆減弱，AceK反倒促使線蟲腸道菌量增加，因此干擾宿主利用H2O2控制腸道菌量的能力，導致線蟲提早死亡。本研究發現AceK會使腸道菌量失衡，並進一步探討過量的腸道共生菌與宿主競爭AceK並影響宿主生理功能之機制。

According to the 印尼n Association of Olefin Aromatic and Plastic Industries/INAPLAS, 2019 national plastic consumption still relies on plastic packaging at 65% and surprisingly, around 60% of plastic waste is absorbed by the food and beverage industry. The waste has been widely sought to be environmentally friendly, one of which is by developing biodegradable packaging. The purpose of this research is to make durian peel cellulose nanocomposites impregnated with TiO2 NPs, to form antibacterial properties against E. coli wild type and resistance. In this research, there are research methods consisting of nanocomposite synthesis, PSA test, FTIR, physical characteristics test and resistance test. The results analyzed that the nanocomposite nanocellulose-TiO2 NPs was successfully made using a 1:1 ratio and had a particle size of 458.7 nm based on the PSA test, which is classified as a nano size. The success of nanocomposite synthesis was proven by the results of FTIR analysis, which showed the formation of 698.65cm-1 and 1633.99cm-1 spectra, indicating the peak of TiO2 NPs and O-H functional groups on TiO2 NPs, as well as 1028.98cm-1 and 1158.42cm-1 showing C-O and C-O-C bonds in cellulose. The antibacterial test performed showed no significant activity in disc diffusion and well diffusion tests against E. coli wild type and resistance. This is potentially caused by inhomogeneous particle size variation. Physical characteristics test showed that the tensile strength test (0.075 > 0.0125 MPa) Durio Nano-Pack is superior to styrofoam, but the compressive strength test (0.125 > 0.875 MPa) shows the opposite. In this study, nanocomposite has a potential innovation that provides good mechanical properties and has a dual function mechanically as bio-based food packaging and chemically as antibacterial. Further research is needed to improve the particle size homogeneity of nanocomposites, modify the impregnation method, so that it has the potential to develop multifunctional materials that excel in various applications.

One of the worldwide hidden problems with lack of attention is Bedsores. Simply, These are ulcers, that happen on the areas of the skin that are under pressure while lying on the bed for a prolonged time. This can be infected to anyone in the world. The common group who face these bed sores are..... •Elderly patients, •Spinal cord injury patients, •Stroke patients, •Coma patients, •People who have faced accidents Bed sores develop when the blood supply is cut off for more than 2-3 hours to the skin, (Position changing time depends on the patient's condition) The continuous pressure is the cause for that and also the temperature generated between the skin and the bed surface increases the metabolism of the tissues. When the skin temperature increases by 1°C, the risk of bed sores increases approximately 14 times. So, The skin temperature in the range of 29.4°C to 37.1°C is correlated with the tissue damage score. Not only that shearing and moisture are the other considerable factors for this problem. This infection has 4 stages. Sometimes in the 4th stage of the bed sores can cause death.

本研究利用乙二醇處理後的聚對苯二甲酸(PET)及氯氧化鋯，以創新的無溶劑方式”solvent-free PET-to-MOF conversion”合成一類金屬有機框架材料(MOF) ── UiO-66(Zr)，並發現此材料可用於催化Pechmann condensation、以間苯二酚和乙醯乙酸乙脂合成羥甲香豆素。於190℃之環境下，乙二醇處理6小時的EG-PET可合成出晶型最接近模擬模型的UiO-66晶體；而我們開發的合成方法中，最佳的反應條件為反應物質量比(氯氧化鋯:PET)= 2:1、130℃合成24小時。 對於合成出的UiO-66(Zr)，我將其進行了XRD、FTIR、BET、SEM檢測，結果符合UiO-66(Zr)的特徵；唯比表面積僅有約900 平方公尺/克，推測此方法合成出的材料之有機linker數量和一般UiO-66(Zr)有所差異。 對於催化合成羥甲香豆素之反應，我們首先發現UiO-66(Zr)可作為非勻相催化劑參與此反應；且實驗結果顯示，相較於溶劑熱合成的UiO-66(Zr)，以本研究的方法所得之UiO-66(Zr)作為催化劑可得到更高產率的羥甲香豆素。

The purpose of the project was to find out whether humans can tell the difference between human-generated text and artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots-generated text and to identify how Al-generated text differs from human-generated text. The dependent variable was the results given by the participants (whether the paragraphs were Al-generated texts or human-generated text). The Independent variable was the participants in the experiment and the controlled variable was the type of paragraphs (both the Al-generated texts and human-generated texts) and time used to test each participant. The hypothesis for this experiment was that the participants were not going to be able to differentiate between AI-generated text and human-generated text. In this descriptive and mixed-method study, participants were presented with questionnaires. Each participant needed to state whether they thought each paragraph was human-generated or AI-generated. At the end of the questionnaire, the participants were asked to briefly explain what assisted them in differentiating between the two. They were given 60 seconds to decide. A stopwatch was used to time them. A sample of 456 participants took part in this project. They were not told how many AI-generated passages and human-generated passages there were in the selection. They only knew the total number of passages. Over 99% of the participants could not correctly differentiate between AI-generated text and human-generated text in all passages. Only four participants were able to get 100% of the questions correct. All four learners attend schools located in urban areas. After I did my analysis, I discovered that my hypothesis was incorrect. Four of the participants were able to get 100% of the questions correct this indicates that not all the participants were not able to tell the difference between Al-generated text and human-generated text. This rejects my hypothesis. However, the chances of humans differentiating between the two are very low. All four learners attend schools located in urban areas; this indicates that it is easier for learners attending urban area schools to recognise AI-generated texts than learners attending schools located in rural areas.

This paper describes a power-profile-based approach to CanSat picosatellite energy usage estimation. We measured the power profile of individual CanSat components on a test bench. The collected data was used to create a power consumption model for a simple flight control algorithm. The power consumption model was implemented in Python programming language and was used to simulate the CanSat flight. The simulation results were compared with the measured power profile of a fully integrated CanSat running the same flight control algorithm. The model showed an error of 2.2% and proved to be suitable for use in battery capacity optimization.

我們先定義「旋轉多邊形」，再透過拼組六形積木分析出「旋轉多邊形」的性質為1.偶數個能密鋪的凸多邊形；2.所有頂點相連的2內角和為720°/K，K為拼組數量；3.若拼組數量是4個，則會組成平行四邊形的洞；若拼組數量是6個以上，則會組成等距放射狀的洞。若僅用六形積木組成「旋轉多邊形」，則能組成30種不同的樣貌。若將相同的「旋轉多邊形」彼此相拼，則只有四種結構才能無限擴拼，其中以4個正方形和6個正三角形這2種所組成的「旋轉多邊形」為拉脹結構，當轉動到有最大洞時，其長、寬會等比例分別放大1.5 倍和 √3倍。

本研究以推導Sm(n)=(n∑k=1)km 一般自然數m次方總和的遞迴關係為起點，並進一步將其轉化為巴斯卡三角矩陣中的線性方程組。透過使用消去演算法，發現Sm(n)的多項式係數不論m皆由白努利數列控制。接著證明白努利數bk的重要規律，推廣次方總和公式在非正整數的意義。再用次方總和公式來加總任何解析函數(平行加總泰勒級數)，整理得Euler-Maclaurin 求和公式，然而此無窮級數通常會發散，透過數種技巧估計餘式項上界獲得最佳近似部分和，用以求巴爾賽問題(Basel Problem)的近似解至小數點後18位。

Calcineurin (CN) activation is a main cause of cancerous tumor formation, one of the leading causes of death globally. Cyclosporine-A (CsA) is a commercially available oral drug that inhibits CN activation; however, low bioavailability limits its use. Nine patented CsA conjugates are potential alternatives to CsA as they have improved cytotoxicities and bioavailabilities but unknown CN-binding affinity. This study aimed to identify the CNinhibition strength and bioavailability of CsA conjugates in silico drug-likeness evaluation via modified Lipinski’s Rule of Five was done on CsA, voclosporin, and CsA conjugates to test bioavailability. The binding affinities of bioavailable compounds were computed via docking to CN in five trials, and the binding affinities were compared. The Water-soluble, RVal, IIA, Alpha, and MeBmt 2 conjugates showed improved bioavailabilities compared to CsA as they passed the drug-likeness screening. After five trials of computational docking to CN, the IIA and RVal conjugates showed improved binding affinities at -15.8 kcal/mol and -15.2 kcal/mol, respectively, compared to CsA at -14.3 kcal/mol. Notably, IIA also showed an improved binding affinity compared to voclosporin at -15.5 kcal/mol. These results suggest that CsA conjugates may be better oral chemotherapeutic drugs than CsA.

本研究仿照沐霧甲蟲的異質濕潤表面結構，將含有親、疏水顆粒（SiO2 與PTFE)的溶液塗佈於可熱縮之聚苯乙烯基材上，進行熱處理後即可獲得具捕霧集水功能之元件。接著，再改變溶液中親疏水顆粒重量比、總固含量、親水顆粒粒徑及親水性顆粒種類，試圖找出最佳的製備參數。 結果顯示，當親疏水顆粒重量比1：300、總固含量20wt%、SiO2顆粒粒徑10μm 時捕霧集水效率最佳，可達666.88mg/h‧cm²。此外，將本實驗中捕霧集水效率最佳之元件與陶瓷、高分子和金屬材料進行捕霧集水效率比較，其中本實驗設計的最佳參數捕霧集水元件有較佳的捕霧集水效果，是一種高效率、低成本的捕霧集水元件，未來希望能運用於水資源回收與再利用的設備上。