水克菲爾菌是一種可於2～3天內自行培養的益生菌飲品，本研究旨在探討影響其生長的關鍵因素，透過針筒定期測量產氣量，並記錄pH值與最終菌重。結果顯示，富含礦物質的黑糖與椰糖最有助於菌體生長。查閱文獻後推測鈣離子為關鍵因素，進一步實驗亦證實添加鈣粉能顯著促進生長。使用如煮沸放涼的自來水，因富含鈣離子，菌的生長優於其他水源，再次印證鈣離子的成效。此外，當【菌：糖：水】= 1：2：4 時，產量最高。養菌過程建議保持通氣；溫度25°C時菌的生長最佳；菌若曾處於低溫（1℃）或高溫（30℃）環境一週，即使後續置於25℃，其活性仍受抑制。本研究成果可應用於水克菲爾飲品製程條件之優化，提升其品質與穩定性。

為研究花青素在不同因素影響下的抗 UV 能力，選用矮仙丹作為研究對象。以矮仙丹花瓣的花青素，研究不同濃度及 pH 值的環境下，花青素的抗 UV 能力，以及在照射 UV 後， 矮仙丹 SOD、POD 之濃度變化。由實驗得知，紅花的花青素含量大於粉花。對比了紅花及粉花的 UV-Vis 光譜圖後發現：在相同濃度下，紅花的吸光度大於粉花且兩者的最大吸收高峰皆位於約 510nm~520nm 處，由此推知矮仙丹的花瓣含有大量的花青素。而花青素在不同pH 值環境下，會因為結構改變而呈現不同的顏色。我們測試在不同 pH 值緩衝液的花青素是否具有不同的抗 UV 能力，發現鹼性高於酸性。植物在代謝過程中容易產生具有毒害作用的活性氧，由於活性氧會對細胞造成傷害，於是演化出抗氧化酶，如 SOD、POD 等，用以清除活性氧，降低對植物的傷害。

發展安全且可靠的身份辨識技術是當今的重要議題，而指靜脈因其高安全性及難以偽造特性成為我們的主題。本研究提出一種基於Transformer模型架構的指靜脈辨識模型稱為GLA-FD，旨在解決現有技術對指靜脈影像特徵表示與提取的局限性。透過開發特徵解耦與重建模組(FDRM)，模型能夠有效區分指靜脈的背景資訊與紋理特徵，並將其重新組合以提升辨識準確度。此外，本研究開發的全域-局部注意力模組(GLAM)能同時捕捉影像的全域與局部特徵，進一步強化模型對指靜脈特徵的理解。GLA-FD在FV-USM、PLUSVein-FV3、MMCBNU-6000、UTFVP、NUPT-FPV 資料集中的正確辨識率(CIR)達到100%、98.47%、99.75%、96.11%、99.82%，展現卓越的穩定性與泛化能力。此外，本模型在處理不同年齡層、國籍與影像模糊度的資料下，仍能保持高辨識準確度，顯示其在需要高安全性辨識的應用場景中具備廣泛的實用性。

本研究在一年多的人為圈養環境中，以番石榴葉飼養下來觀察、記錄、統計分析後發現：泰國小紅翅竹節蟲在溫度20〜33℃溼度50〜80%照度0〜250Lux之間均能正常成長，卵期約六個月，成長週期283天分七或八個齡別：一齡成長天數約15天，二〜五齡17天，六齡19天，七齡21天，八齡成蟲157天；一生多停駐植株上段就近取食共約4528.96cm²，八齡食量最大，約產下250顆卵但只有少數能發育為成蟲且都是雌蟲，在受干擾時會展開鮮紅小後翅來嚇阻對方。 對於校園植物-芒果等九種均會取食；在日夜顛倒照度置換下，動靜態行為均受光線影響；喜歡攀高取食，同時場域變大即不會發生搶食。 未來可防範未然，規劃外來種昆蟲在大量入侵時的因應，或許可以尋求一種和平共處的生態模式。

本研究探討自製線香的燃燒特性與環境影響，結果為燃燒速率並非僅受直徑影響，成分比例與製作方法亦為關鍵因素。此外，懸浮微粒濃度並非單純隨距離遞減，而與線香材質相關，部分樣本於100公分處濃度最高。雖然燃燒速率較高的線香未必產生更多污染，但材質對環境影響顯著，特定配方更易造成懸浮微粒擴散。 環境條件亦影響懸浮微粒分布，狹窄場域容易導致淤積。此外，香粉種類影響燃燒性與微粒產生量，並非單純粉末越細或含量越高即提升燃燒效率。部分香粉（如茶粉）需混合適量黏粉輔助燃燒，且不同原料化學性質須深入研究。 本研究亦發現混合香粉能提升燃燒穩定性並降低污染，且其獨特香氣可能源自不同化學成分的交互作用，提供未來配方研發之參考。

公司田溪整治設置梳子壩、疊瀑、深水池、護址工石籠等設施，對公司田溪水質、河岸動植物種類與 數量，底棲生物種類與數量、水中污染物降低有正面提升效果，其中梳子壩設置最多共20處，利用自製水工模型，自製流速計，樂高積木排列出不同排列、形狀、間距、高度數量位置等，找出降低水流流速效果最佳，且漂流物穿越時間最短、穿越率最高的設計，研究結果：梳子壩水流流速降低，漂流物穿越時間越長，梳子壩設置河段末端與梳子壩組間距較大時，流速降低效果顯著，漂流物穿越時間增加較少。所以公司田溪在河口末端計設置9個梳子壩，且分散於數條溪流，可以有效降低水流流速，及漂流物穿越時間。

This project had one purpose: creating almost unbreakable encryption by breaking a Caesar – and Vigenère Cipher and getting familiar with how they work. Created a program to encrypt and decrypt messages with a Caesar Cipher and Vigenère Cipher encryption. Breaking these encryptions in these programs will help to identify the factors that contribute to strong and weak encryption systems. A program was created to encrypt messages using Caesar Cipher with a key from 1 to 25 and decrypt messages without knowing the original key by doing different types of “attacks” on the system: a brute force and frequency analysis attack. Created another program to encrypt messages using Vigenère Cipher with a keyword or keyphrase and decrypted messages whilst knowing that original keyword. Tested and compared the two different cyphers when being attacked. This helped identify factors that influenced the strength of encryption and identified the advantages and disadvantages of each Cipher as well as the weaknesses in each attack. Through testing and breaking a Caesar and Vigenère Cipher successfully, multiple factors were identified that influenced the strength of the encryption system. These were used to ensure the new encryption created will be as strong as can be. Comparing the success rate of the different attacks on each Cipher, the similarities, weaknesses and strengths in the Brute Force and Frequency Analysis attacks were found.

本研究探討在電解水過程中，添加非電解質（如蔗糖與甘油）對離子移動速率的影響。實驗以硫酸鈣粉筆為水溶液載體，搭配廣用指示劑觀察電極附近的顏色移動，分析離子的遷移行為。結果顯示，糖與甘油皆使離子遷移速率隨濃度上升而下降，原因包括溶液黏滯性提升、水合作用與分子的碰撞阻擋，使得離子移動速率變慢。 本研究並進一步比較甘油、葡萄糖與蔗糖三種非電解質的影響效果，結果顯示：儘管甘油溶液的電阻高於葡萄糖，但離子在甘油中移動速率更快，推測與甘油較小的分子結構、較弱的水合作用，以及特殊的潤滑性有關。此結果挑戰「電阻越大，離子移動越慢」的直覺印象。

全球能源需求日益增加，發展永續且環保的再生能源是當務之急。本研究以「植物發電」為主軸，探討發電與儲電的可行性，期望為綠色能源帶來創新。植物若能有效發電與儲電，不僅具美觀與功能性，更能兼具減碳與供能的綠色解方。 本研究透過系統性實驗，探討不同土壤種類與濕度、植物種類（虎尾蘭、山蘇、黃金葛、常春藤）、混合土壤比例及添加劑（如EM菌、B1維生素、花寶系列）對電壓與電流的影響。結果顯示：泥炭土表現最佳，虎尾蘭電壓最高，虎尾蘭電流最穩定， EM菌能有效提升發電效能。將植物串聯可穩定供電，驅動 LED燈與數位小時鐘，並可儲存至充電電池。 本研究顯示植物發電具實用性與發展潛力，期望未來應用於日常綠能設備為再生能源貢獻新方向。

Due to global population growth and industrialization, excessive inflow of causative nitrogen into rivers, and the increase in water temperature due to global warming, the occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) is increasing. HABs can cause not only ecological destruction but also various social and economic problems. Additionally, consuming water from lakes with abundant toxic cyanobacteria can lead to liver damage, vomiting, abdominal pain, and even death if consumed over a long period. The first recorded occurrence of animal mortality due to HABs was in Australia in 1878, and since then, livestock and wildlife have suffered damages from HABs worldwide. Furthermore, the United States' Lake Erie has experienced frequent HAB occurrences since 2011, and in 2007, China faced social disruption when a massive HAB outbreak in Lake Tai, one of the freshwater lakes, resulted in a suspension of the water supply. In order to address these HAB occurrence issues and assess the severity of HAB events, several systems have already been established and potential solutions have been proposed. However, these systems have limitations such as being highly systematic and advanced in terms of equipment and configuration. They are often located only in periodically affected areas, and they involve substantial costs. Therefore, we aim to overcome these limitations and design a system that can effectively manage HABs.

The proposed project involves a new water-fueled hybrid car prototype that integrates various technologies, including photovoltaic (PV) panels, electrolysis, a fuel cell, a metal hydride tank, and a battery. The car is equipped with PV panels on its surface, such as the roof or hood, which convert solar energy into electricity. This electricity powers a DC motor that propels the vehicle. Excess electricity can be stored in a battery or used in an electrolysis system to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen is stored in a metal hydride tank for later use. Metal hydrides are materials capable of absorbing and releasing hydrogen gas, providing a safe and compact storage solution. The fuel cell converts hydrogen into electricity to power the DC motor when sunlight is not available. This hybrid system allows for direct solar-powered operation while also storing excess energy as hydrogen. Experimental tests were conducted on a prototype of this water-fueled car, with the fuel cell serving as a backup power source to ensure continuous operation even without solar energy. This concept offers several advantages, including the use of renewable solar energy, zero emissions during fuel cell operation, and the ability to store and utilize excess energy.

Nanotechnology, a transformative force, has steadily gained traction across multiple scientific disciplines, including physics, chemistry, engineering, and biology. It offers unprecedented capabilities, especially in the realm of nanoscale particles, ushering in new paradigms in various applications. One of the most revolutionary applications of nanotechnology is in the pharmaceutical sector. Here, nanoparticles have transformed drug and vaccine delivery systems, offering both efficacy and precision. Among these nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have stood out, especially for their role in delivering nucleic acid-based drugs and vaccines. These LNPs are intricate assemblies composed of lipids and nucleic acid complexes, offering an amalgamation of stability and deliverability. Such properties have rendered LNPs as invaluable tools in enhancing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing off-target side effects. The myriad of nanoparticles available includes the likes of silver, gold, and lipid nanoparticles. However, the emphasis of this research lies with lipid nanoparticles, given their widespread success in the pharmaceutical arena. LNPs have showcased their potential in delivering drugs with low therapeutic indices, emphasizing their capability to act as versatile platforms for novel drug development. Recent advances have further expanded the horizons of LNPs, paving the way for novel antisense oligonucleotides, innovative vaccines, and complex lipid nanoparticle formations. Characterizing these nanoparticles is paramount, not only for the development of novel drugs but also to comprehend their in vivo behavior. Their multifaceted nature, stemming from their unique excipients, core-bilayer design, and varying sizes, makes their characterization a critical step in the research and development pipeline.