為了研發更有益生理機能且口感接近市售麻糬的改良麻糬，以嫩豆腐、全麥麵粉、菊苣纖維粉，取20%、30%、40%與50%的比例替代部分糯米粉，製作出12種改良麻糬，測量其物理性質，找出最接近市售麻糬的口感，並建立麻糬水解葡萄糖化指標、血糖評估指標進行檢驗，發現：一、50%全麥麵粉麻糬的彈性與展性 、40%全麥麵粉麻糬的延性、20%纖維粉麻糬的黏性最接近市售麻糬；二、豆腐麻糬的熱量可降低最多，適合需減重者。三、市售麻糬在α-澱粉酶中水解最快，但20%纖維粉麻糬最利於吞嚥，適合幼兒或年長者；四 、20%纖維粉麻糬在胃裡最快水解成食糜，適合胃功能不佳者；五、50%全麥麵粉麻糬血糖穩定度最佳，適合需控糖者。

The theme of this project is to develop software to facilitate and innovate the design of low-voltage industrial electrical circuits. The goal is to develop a program that makes projects more efficient in terms of time, accuracy, and sustainability, automating dimensions such as calculating conductor cross-sections, protections, single-line diagrams, and analyzing with AI at which points industrial electrical circuits can be more sustainable. The 2023 Electric Energy Yearbook of the Energy Research Company describes that electricity consumption increases 2% per year in Brazil, and industrial installations represent the largest part of the national electrical sector (36.2%). As stated in standard NBR 5410/2004, when developing an installation project, an electrical professional works with several processes, depending on several criteria and calculations to present a reliable electrical installation. Minimal errors in calculations can cause damage to equipment, conductors, and individuals present in the installation. Using software to model these circuits optimizes time and brings more confidence to the project. This work aims to differentiate itself in this field by filling in the gaps in existing solutions for the industry, providing support for Brazilian standards, automatically generating single-line diagrams and presenting suggestions for sustainability in the circuits. The program is developed in Python, based on NBR 5410/2004 and engineering works. The software developed allows the user to size different distribution boards, motors and circuits, calculating the cross-section of the conductors/electrical protections, a particular transformer, and generating a single-line diagram in CAD. The program also presents suggestions aimed at sustainability to reduce material/energy costs. Tests were carried out with electrical engineering companies and students in the technical area, where the software presented high precision and very positive feedback from the interviewees, and it can be said that the work achieved its objectives.

The aim of this project is to enhance the mobility of individuals with disabilities, particularly aiding them in navigating stairs and challenging terrains. Across the world, powered wheelchair employ various methods, primarily categorized into two: 1) tracked mechanisms and 2) robotic wheelchair utilizing intricate robotic systems. The design presented by our team belongs to the latter category, which is recognized for its lighter build when contrasted with the former. However, despite its lightweight structure, this wheelchair design incorporates equipment that renders it more cost-effective and practical than conventional designs within the same category. Our design integrates three distinct mechanisms to adjust the height and center of mass of the passenger during stair climbing and maintain balance and surface contact. Utilizing an array of sensors, it continuously monitors the position of the person on the wheelchair and the wheelchair on the surface. This data guides adjustments in the mechanisms, ensuring stability. This innovation harbors the potential for enhancing various functionalities, including: GPS integration for user navigation. Real-time monitoring of vital signs (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature). In an emergency, this data can be transmitted to ambulance centers to pinpoint the individual's location and immediate assistance. A simplified ambulance request system, accessible via a single button press. Overall, this innovative wheelchair prototypes aims to revolutionize accessibility, granting enhanced mobility and independence to individuals with disabilities.

Visual impairment ranks among the top three disabilities globally, with affected individuals projected to increase from 39 million in 2015 to 115 million by 2050. Despite this growing prevalence, over 95% of visually impaired individuals face difficulties in learning Braille (AFB, 2022). In Thailand, the issue is compounded by limited resources, with only 48 schools for the blind serving 6.5% of visually impaired children, alongside a shortage of trained teachers and prohibitively expensive Braille displays. To address these challenges, the EIBraille Box was developed as a cost-effective and accessible tool enabling visually impaired individuals to practice Braille independently. The device utilizes electromagnetic field generation based on Lenz's Law and electromagnetic induction, employing copper coils and varying currents to drive a Braille dot display mechanism controlled by a microcontroller. Results show the device achieves an average display rate of 30–120 milliseconds per cell and a Braille dot-changing frequency of 3–20 cycles per second. The production cost is reduced from 11,660 USD to 87 USD—over 130 times more affordable—while maintaining performance comparable to traditional mechanisms. Additionally, the device integrates with a web application aligned with the Ministry of Education's curriculum to enhance learning. The EIBraille Box is planned for deployment across 48 schools affiliated with the Northern School for the Blind. Plans include extending access to individuals unable to attend schools via alternative distribution channels. This project stores high capacity to achieve global reach by partnering with the World Blind Union, extending its services to rural areas and ensuring access for underprivileged communities. This effort seeks to promote literacy among the blind on a worldwide scale. This innovation strives to enhance equity for the visually impaired by enabling blind individuals to participate in inclusive educational environments alongside their peers. It aims to eradicate the challenges of illiteracy and ensure equitable access to quality education.

The human gut microbiome is integral to digestion, overall health, and metabolic disorder imbalances. Recent advancements in fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) have highlighted the therapeutic promise of restoring healthy gut microbiota in populations with high incidences of diseases. Focusing on fecal DNA samples from healthy Asian individuals, this study examines the potential of novel Akkermansia strains, specifically Akkermansia muciniphila (Z62) and Akkermansia massiliensis (IR119), as next-generation probiotics for mitigating metabolic syndrome. A key aspect of the study is the investigation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are produced and play a crucial role in regulating metabolic processes. SCFAs such as butyrate, acetate, and propionate are essential for energy provision to colon cells and exerting anti-inflammatory effects. The methodology involves selecting two Akkermansia strains, analyzing them through 16S rRNA and WGS, evaluating their growth and survival rates under acidic and bile-salt conditions, alongside their cell adhesion capabilities. The study focuses on the production of key short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and tryptophan derivatives by bacteria in regulating metabolic processes, as well as their anti-inflammatory effects on colon cells. Through in vitro assays, both strains exhibited survival in acidic/bile-rich conditions, though Z62 demonstrated superior adhesion to Caco-2 cells, suggesting a higher colonization potential. Metabolomic analysis revealed both strains produce SCFAs, including propionic and acetic acids, and indole metabolites, such as indole-3-propionic acid and indole-3-acetic acid, which are known to influence lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity. In adipocyte cell models, IR119 significantly reduced lipid accumulation, while Z62 increased lipid presence. Furthermore, IR119 reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, including IL-6 and TNF-α, suggesting potential for inflammation mitigation. The future potential of IR119 as a therapeutic probiotic is extraordinary in addressing complex metabolic and inflammatory diseases, which open new avenues for managing chronic inflammatory conditions like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Future clinical trials could refine IR119’s efficacy, positioning it as a leading probiotic in preventive and therapeutic contexts.

糖尿病性視網膜病變(Diabetic Retinopathy，以下簡稱DR)是糖尿病主要的併發症，是造成後天性失明的主要原因。我國含有高糖的飲品在年輕族群盛行，可能是造成糖尿病罹患率年輕化趨勢的原因，這是我們中學生必須關心與解決的切身問題。本研究發現牛樟芝萃取物在視力功能上能夠改善糖尿病性視網膜病變果蠅的趨光能力與視網膜電位；在視網膜形態學（morphology）上，複眼結構及光感受器排列可被觀察到由凌亂漸趨完整。在粒線體（mitochondrion）與蛋白表現上，能避免粒線體受損，維持粒線體數量和能量代謝，並降低細胞凋亡(apoptosis)相關指標如cytochrcome c和cleaved-caspase 3表達，同時也促進抗氧化因子(antioxidants)如Catalase和SOD1表達，顯示牛樟芝萃取物具有改善DR的潛力。

發現翠盧莉所在處周圍雜草稀少，實驗利用翠盧莉莖、葉水萃液對大花咸豐草、牛筋草、小白菜、福山萵苣和玉米種子進行發芽測定，觀察蔬菜幼苗生長情形，並使用葉水萃液澆灌野外種子土，測試對不特定雜草種子發芽及幼苗生長影響，再用碘滴定法試驗水萃液的抗氧化力。結果顯示：翠盧莉葉水萃液對種子發芽抑制效果最佳，且濃度越高效果越好。實驗室25°C以5％葉水萃液浸潤，對大花咸豐草發芽抑制率達100％；以8％澆灌野外種子土，對大花咸豐草種子發芽抑制率達95％。5％莖、葉水萃液具良好抗氧化力，與文獻提到化感作用中效果較強的酚類化合物，具有高抗氧化力的資料一致。因此推論翠盧莉可藉由淋溶作用，影響植物萌發與生長。

In this fast-paced digital economy, customers' judgment is based on their experience with a company’s products and services. Customer reviews become a vital source of information for companies because this information can be used to enhance their products, understand customer wants and needs, improve brand reputation, and provide a competitor’s advantage. A company can understand customer needs and wants by going through reviews. Customers are encouraged to leave not only their opinion but also their ideas for the development of the product or service. By understanding these reviews, a company can actively respond and engage with a reviewer or problem. Failure of companies who don't answer customer queries may negatively impact customer loyalty. Customers will feel neglected by these companies and will choose competing companies to handle their needs. Additionally, customers may speak negatively about a company that does not respond to reviews. The AI-based customer sentiment dashboard can help gain a company's competitive advantage by identifying weaknesses in themselves and others. Companies will be enabled to understand where they succeed and where improvement is needed compared to their competitors, leveraging businesses to address strengths and weaknesses before competitors do. Through AI-based customer sentiment dashboards, a company can analyze its competitor’s reviews and use that information as leverage to make improvements to its products and services. Customers are increasingly leaving reviews on popular apps like Google Play, Stamped.io, Yapto, and Judge.me, Loox, Qualaroo, and Yelp. The reviews are rich in customer sentiments offering valuable insights into user satisfaction and pointing out the areas for improvement that are crucial to every company no matter how big or small. Despite their value, manually processing these reviews is a challenging task due to the large volume of unstructured data. Manual processing is also vulnerable to bias and human error, leading to inaccurate information. Traditional methods such as surveys have been proven to be ineffective if the main focus is targeted feedback and have low responses compared to reviews. The advances in artificial intelligence like Natural Language Processing (NLP) help us interpret and analyze human language and generate outputs like predicting what type of sentiments are in reviews. This project proposes developing an AI-based sentiment analysis model to evaluate customer feedback on two widely used taxi applications. Natural Language Processing libraries, such as the Valence Aware Dictionary and Sentiment Reasoner (. The model aims to categorize customer reviews into positive, negative, and neutral sentiments.

As the global demand for sustainable agriculture practices and renewable energy sources continues to rise, the integration of solar power technology with irrigation systems has gained significant attention. This abstract presents an overview of an innovative solution known as the "Automatic Solar Panel Sprinkler Irrigation System," which combines solar panels and smart irrigation technology to efficiently manage water resources in agricultural settings. The proposed system leverages solar panels to generate electricity and simultaneously operate an automated sprinkler irrigation system. Solar panels are strategically positioned in proximity to crop fields, utilizing photovoltaic cells to convert solar energy into electrical power. This energy is then harnessed to power the irrigation system, providing a sustainable and eco-friendly method for crop hydration. In Solar Power Generation the system consists of photovoltaic panels designed to capture solar energy during daylight. This renewable energy source is converted into electrical power, which is stored in batteries for subsequent use. Automated Sprinkler Irrigation is an advanced control system manages the irrigation process, ensuring efficient water distribution based on crop requirements. Soil moisture sensors and weather data are integrated to optimize irrigation scheduling. In Remote Monitoring and Control, farmers can remotely monitor and control the irrigation system through a user friendly interface, accessible via smartphones or computers. This feature enables real-time adjustments and ensures that water resources are utilized optimally. In Water Conservation the system is designed to minimize water wastage by delivering precise and targeted irrigation, reducing over-watering and the associated environmental impact. In Cost Savings the harnessing solar power, this system reduces electricity expenses, making it an economically viable solution for farmers, particularly in regions with ample sunlight. Using a tracker with an automatic solar panel sprinkler irrigation system can be a smart and efficient way to optimize the system's performance. And the most important thing is that in my prototype it is under the panel and will track the location of the Sun and with that it will lead to the Automatic movement of the panel from east to west and when the evening starts it will go back to its position.

福壽螺為水田常見害蟲，繁殖力強且啃食性高，對農作生長造成威脅。掌握其行為與生理特性，有助於發展兼具環保與效率的防治策略。研究指出，牠們在25.0~30.0°C間最活躍，15.1°C則行動受限；偏好水下覓食，降低水位與於出入口投放雜草、葉菜可分散覓食壓力。福壽螺對腥味具排斥性，遇危險會釋放費洛蒙警示同伴，且對震動高度敏感，水波干擾可抑制其活動力。繁殖方面，牠們偏好於粉紅色瓦楞板產卵，覆蓋保鮮膜有助於集中清除。其卵含蝦紅素與膠原蛋白，具生技應用潛力。綜合水溫、水位、誘餌、震動與產卵控制等策略，可有效降低啃食率、提高稻苗存活，有助推動永續農業與生物多樣性保育。

現代工業對稀土元素需求增加，主要有兩種來源：稀土礦物的開採會產生大量廢棄物，對環境造成污染；回收稀土元素的主要來源是從廢棄的電子產品，添加有毒和放射性的酸洗液。相比之下，海水中的稀土元素也是個近年正在發展的回收來源，具有潛力的電化學沉積法具備選擇性、低能耗與環保優勢。本實驗利用電化學原理，從低濃度硝酸鈰溶液中沉積稀土金屬，探討不同條件、電極的影響，再以EDTA滴定測定鈰離子濃度變化以計算電化學沉積效率。最後在以氯化鈉水溶液模擬海水測試。 實驗發現，添加25mg硝酸鉀使用表面積大的碳氈、10mA電流電解並攪拌能成功沉積出鈰金屬氧化物，最後成功在模擬淡海水溶液中沉積出金屬，表示其應用潛力。

1.1 Short project summary My project involves the conceptualization and development of an innovative approach to modular self-assembling robotic systems. Through its ability to form any complex configuration, the system is highly adaptable to various scenarios and environments. Before delving deeper into the details of my project, I will provide an overview of my background and motivations. 1.2 Background Ever since I first watched the movie "Big Hero 6", I felt amazed by the applications of the so called “microbots”. From that point on, it made me always wonder what would be possible in the real world. When I did the research, I stumbled upon this field of modular robotics. Initially, I was unsure whether to embark on a project focused on electronics and robotics due to my background in programming. On the other side, this year gave me a chance to see the incredible performances of various projects at different science expos. Besides, I took part in the program of CANSAT LU and learned a lot during it, such as microchips, the control of miniature robotics, and the sensors of it. Finally, at school, I took the option Electronics where we dig into similar topics. With this accumulated knowledge and experience I felt confident enough to start this project.