全國中小學科展

月相變化對極地天氣系統的影響及其引發高緯度天氣變化之探討

科展類別

臺灣國際科展

屆次

2007年

科別

地球與太空科學

學校名稱

高雄市立高雄女子高級中學

指導老師

蔡靜誼

作者

林芳君、黃美勳

關鍵字

月相變化 高緯度天氣變化

摘要或動機

本研究比較2003~2005 年,冬季及夏季西經168 度之「海平面溫度異常」對「緯度」的分布圖,結果呈現在赤道附近的變動較小,在高緯度地區的變動較大,為更精確的描述此變動,將每日高緯度地區的變動以「標準差」及「最大振幅」數量化,發現在南、北半球不論2003、2004或2005 年,每7~12 天南、北半球的「冬夏季海平面溫度異常」的變動變大,上述變化在北半球較為明顯,在南半球較不規則。 與2005 年冬季1 月31 日~3月17 日的北半球地面天氣圖進行分析比對發現,溫度的變動和極地天氣系統的形成關係密切,推測原因和冬季時極地為永夜,地面空氣溫度受到兩個跟月球有關的熱源影響較大,其一為海流和極地間每日有接近2 次的潮汐交替運動,其二為月球反射日光後投射到極地時,極地大規模的冰對月光的反照,對極地微弱的加熱作用。 針對2005 年6 月1 日~7月22 日之地面天氣圖作分析,結果發現夏季緯度的溫度變異和高中低緯度天氣系統的改變關係密切,推測此時和月球對海水的吸引使地表(特別在海陸邊界)的溫度,週期性的重新分配,或對大氣應也會造成週期性的質量分配有關。 以農曆為主重製溫度的變動圖並進行比對發現,無論2003、2004或2005 年,在月相為朔及望時常出現低值。此分析結果顯示,接近朔望時,高緯度海平面溫度有較穩定且變動較小的情形。而從天氣圖、農曆標準差綜合,所得結論為地月運動應和地球上高緯度天氣系統存在某種相關性。 ;Our topic is about how the moon phase variation influences the high-latitude weather system. This study analyzes the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs), along 168°W in winters and summers from 2003 to 2005. The results show that the SSTAs varied relatively small around the equator and relatively large in high-latitude regions. So we next analyze the high-latitude SSTAs by the standard deviations, the maximum amplitudes, and the north surface weather graphs. After analyzing, the result shows that the SSTAs rise for every 7 to 12 days. Moreover, they relate to the winter high-latitude weather system very much while relating to the summer medium-and-low latitude weather system a lot. We think it’s because in winter eternal night, the sunlight won’t shine on the arctic zone easily. Other heat sources may become important: (1) the tidal movements between the ocean and the arctic zone. (2) The heat radiation of the moonlight and the moonlight reflection by the polar ice shields. But in summer, the moonlight effect becomes extremely small. The tidal force becomes the bigger influence factor: (1) the tidal attraction may distribute the temperature of the border between seas and land periodically. (2) It may cause the periodic atmosphere mass distribution. Additionally, after repeating the same experiment according to the Chinese lunar calendar, we found near full-moon and new-moon time, the SSTAs are more stable. Probably because of without the moonlight, the movements of rip-tides occur and help stabilize the polar weather conditions. In conclusion, the relative movement of the moon to Earth is likely providing a crucial heat source which will affect the high-latitude climate, and the heat source size probably influences the weather system cycle.

月相變化對極地天氣系統的影響及其引發高緯度天氣變化之探討

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