摘要或動機

人體表面積在醫學的應用相當重要：燒燙傷的評估是以全身面積被灼傷的百分比
表示；營養狀況的評估，新陳代謝率也以單位表面積表示之；體液或藥物之需求量也
是以體表面積來決定劑量；然而人體是一不規則物體，應用一般幾何面積計算公式有
其困難處，如何快速的計算人體表面積，以作為醫療的指引，有其必要性。而青少年
正處於快速發育期，各部位的成長是否會影響表面積的計算，由於目前鮮少對青少年
之專文報告，尤其缺乏台灣地區之調查。為了探索這些問題，乃進行調查與研究。
本研究以台灣地區國民中小學10 至15 歲青少年為對象，探討在此發育期間體格
之變化及可能之影響相關因子，並建立體表面積之快速計算公式。本研究隨機取樣以
1209 人形成樣本，其中男生623 人，女生586 人，利用尺秤，取得身體各部位的資料，
並以問卷調查運動、飲食與睡眠等問題，以探討影響此成長期發育之因子。結果發現：
台灣青少年體表面積快速計算公式為(身高x 體重 ÷37)^0.5；其體表面積九分法計算方
式也有別於一般歐美成年人的計算法；及此年齡層的身高與體重受運動的頻率、運動
持久性、飲食習慣多寡的影響，而與運動種類及主食種類相關性不大，這項研究的發
現，將有助於醫護人員對青少年問題的處理。Body Surface Area (BSA) has been used in many clinical conditions to calculate the
percentage of burned area, to evaluate the nutrition status - the unit of the metabolic rate, to
determine the need of fluid supply or the medicine dosage requirement. So precise measurement of
BSA is very important, however the human body is an irregular shape, a laborious task using the
geometrical method. To establish a simple quick formula to guide the therapeutic treatment is a
necessity. Also the rapid growth phase during the adolescent stage might change the BSA in some
way. BSA has not been established for the teenagers in Taiwan. To investigate this issue, a total of
1209 healthy elementary and junior high school boys (623) and girls (586) aged 10 to 15 in Taiwan
were recruited by random selection. By use of anthropometrical measurements and a health
questionnaire to the subject simultaneously, the data was analyzed statistically. The results revealed
that a quick adequate formula derived from the body height and weight for Taiwan teenagers was
determined by the formula, BSA = [ Height (meter ) x Weight (Kg) ÷37 ] ^0.5, the Taiwan
teenage “rule of the nine” of BSA is different from that of the adult, and that the frequency and
the duration of exercise, the diet habit, and the duration of sleep significantly influence both body
growth and weight. These findings may provide significant references for the physicians to treat
the clinical conditions of teenagers in Taiwan.