人體表面積在醫學的應用相當重要:燒燙傷的評估是以全身面積被灼傷的百分比表示;營養狀況的評估,新陳代謝率也以單位表面積表示之;體液或藥物之需求量也是以體表面積來決定劑量;然而人體是一不規則物體,應用一般幾何面積計算公式有其困難處,如何快速的計算人體表面積,以作為醫療的指引,有其必要性。而青少年正處於快速發育期,各部位的成長是否會影響表面積的計算,由於目前鮮少對青少年之專文報告,尤其缺乏台灣地區之調查。為了探索這些問題,乃進行調查與研究。本研究以台灣地區國民中小學10 至15 歲青少年為對象,探討在此發育期間體格之變化及可能之影響相關因子,並建立體表面積之快速計算公式。本研究隨機取樣以1209 人形成樣本,其中男生623 人,女生586 人,利用尺秤,取得身體各部位的資料,並以問卷調查運動、飲食與睡眠等問題,以探討影響此成長期發育之因子。結果發現:台灣青少年體表面積快速計算公式為(身高x 體重 ÷37)0.5;其體表面積九分法計算方式也有別於一般歐美成年人的計算法;及此年齡層的身高與體重受運動的頻率、運動持久性、飲食習慣多寡的影響,而與運動種類及主食種類相關性不大,這項研究的發現,將有助於醫護人員對青少年問題的處理。Body Surface Area (BSA) has been used in many clinical conditions to calculate thepercentage of burned area, to evaluate the nutrition status - the unit of the metabolic rate, todetermine the need of fluid supply or the medicine dosage requirement. So precise measurement ofBSA is very important, however the human body is an irregular shape, a laborious task using thegeometrical method. To establish a simple quick formula to guide the therapeutic treatment is anecessity. Also the rapid growth phase during the adolescent stage might change the BSA in someway. BSA has not been established for the teenagers in Taiwan. To investigate this issue, a total of1209 healthy elementary and junior high school boys (623) and girls (586) aged 10 to 15 in Taiwanwere recruited by random selection. By use of anthropometrical measurements and a healthquestionnaire to the subject simultaneously, the data was analyzed statistically. The results revealedthat a quick adequate formula derived from the body height and weight for Taiwan teenagers wasdetermined by the formula, BSA = [ Height (meter ) x Weight (Kg) ÷37 ] 0.5, the Taiwanteenage “rule of the nine” of BSA is different from that of the adult, and that the frequency andthe duration of exercise, the diet habit, and the duration of sleep significantly influence both bodygrowth and weight. These findings may provide significant references for the physicians to treatthe clinical conditions of teenagers in Taiwan.
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